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Researchers Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon believed that children had a different form of intelligence than adults and created a series of tests that categorized children's intelligence based on their "mental age."
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American psychologist, Lewis Terman, published the Stanford-Binet (previously Binet-Simon) which made a long-lasting impact on gifted education.
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Lewis Terman started the longest study of the characteristics of gifted children. He observed about 1,500 students from California and later published the "Genetic Studies of Genius". He found that gifted students were , concluding that gifted students were "different" in school, "older" looking than others their age, excelled in academic subjects, were emotionally stable, and were successful when they were given high expectations from others.
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Psychologist Leta Hollingworth established Speyer School, a school for the education of gifted children. She developed a curriculum called "The Evolution of Common Things," where the students can explore the world around them.
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Russia launched Sputnik into outer space which influenced politicians to promote gifted education and focus specifically on science and math so America and America's children could be the "best".
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The Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed which banned discrimination of many types such as in public establishments and also prohibited discrimination in hiring and employment. But most importantly for this assignment, it banned discrimination in schools.
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The National Association for Gifted Children developed national standards for teacher programs in gifted and talented education. They were later revised in 2013 and include 7 standards and 28 elements.
