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The Massachusetts Law of 1647, also known as the Old Deluder Satan Act, is passed. It decrees that every town of at least 50 families hire a schoolmaster who would teach the town's children to read and write and that all towns of at least 100 families should have a Latin grammar school master who will prepare students to attend Harvard College.
Link - https://www.bartleby.com/227/1606.html -
Horace Mann started a movement to bring about state-sponsored public education. His movement included a statewide curriculum and the use of local property tax to fund public education. The Common Schools Movement allowed students to go to public school and learn for free.
Link - https://courses.lumenlearning.com/teachereducationx92x1/chapter/educational-reforms/ -
The Measurement Movement was sparked by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. This movement involves measuring the intelligence of each human's brain. The Movement created what we know as the IQ test. An IQ score can determine if students need to be placed into a special program for extra help or if students are advanced for their age group.
Link - https://prezi.com/qzxdpe6-hou2/the-measurement-movement-the-development-of-the-intelligen/?frame=092e4187918180b35f1234f17f31c3d6485754ba -
The Suffrage Movement established equality between men and women and allowed women to take up the position of teaching. This influenced our profession's history because women are able to take on the role of teaching without discrimination or being looked down upon.
Link - https://www.theatlantic.com/education/archive/2019/02/the-explosion-of-women-teachers/582622/ -
The decision reverses Plessy v. Ferguson, ruling that separate is not equal, and outlaws segregation. The decision held that the racial segregation of children in public schools violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Although the decision did not succeed in fully desegregating public education in the United States, it put the Constitution on the side of racial equality.
Link - https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
This was created to help preschool children that come from low-income families by providing them with a program that can meet their emotional, social, health, and psychological needs. It started off as an eight-week project to a program that includes full day and year services. It was also started by the Elementary and Secondary Education Act or the ESEA. All of this was possible, because of President Johnson's war against poverty.
Link - https://www.acf.hhs.gov/ohs/about/history-head-start -
Title IX is a law that prohibits discrimination against students or employees based on their sex in an educational institution. Before this law was passed, female students and faculty were both limited in what they could do. They must provide fair and equal treatment of the sexes in all areas, including athletics.
Link - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/title-ix-enacted -
The Imperative for Educational Reform is the 1983 report of the United States National Commission on Excellence in Education. Its publication is considered a landmark event in modern American educational history. It stated, "The educational foundations of our society are presently being eroded by a rising tide of mediocrity that threatens our very future as a Nation and a people.” It showed that we were failing our students.
Link - https://www.edweek.org/policy-politics/a-nation-at-risk/2004/09 -
Under the 2002 law, states are required to test students in reading and math in grades 3–8 and once in high school. All students are expected to meet or exceed state standards in reading and math by 2014. The major focus of No Child Left Behind is to close student achievement gaps by providing all children with a fair, equal, and significant opportunity to obtain a high-quality education.
Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Qk00niNQwA -
The Higher Education Opportunity Act is passed into law. It reauthorizes an amended version of the Higher Education Act and includes major changes in student loan eligibility for people with cognitive disabilities as well as other changes to federal financial aid programs. Makes those who want to go to college have easier chances to obtain their goals even with disabilities.
Link - https://www.acenet.edu/Documents/ACE-Analysis-of-2008-Higher-Education-Act-Reauthorization.pdf