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Common Schools
Town schools and Dame schools were establisehed to educate the children of common folk, they were taught reading, writing and arithmetic. Girls couls attend these schools but, recieved minimal education. -
Sarah Roberts Case: First legal case concerning intergration
***** MOST IMPORTANT*****
A five year old African American girl, was attending an all black school far from her home. Her dad tried to enroll her in a closer school but, because it was an all white school she was physically removed from the school. Sarah Robrts -
Education in the Colonial Period
The primary education of upper class children in colonial days included reading, writing, simple math, poems, and prayers. Paper and textbooks were scarce so boys and girls recited their lessons until they memorized them. The three most commonly used books were the Bible, a primer, and a hornbook. As children grew older their schooling prepared them for their eventual roles in plantation life. While boys studied more advanced, academic subjects, the girls learned to assume the duties of the mist -
The Impact of John Dewey
*MOST IMPORTANT**
John Dewey felt that education is most effective when it considers not only the intellectual but, also the social, emotional, and physical needs of a child. He felt that education was a life long process and that school should be an important part of community life. John Dewey -
The Measurment Movement
Lewis Terman developed the Intelligence Quotient (IQ), it is a number stating the level of an indivduals mental development. At this same time, Edward Thorndike, and some of his students devloped scales for measuring acheivement in several subjects such as math, reading, spelling, and language. -
The Impact of WW2
A large number of teachers left the classroom at this time to go to battle. Enrollment dropped because youth chose not to come back to school or even to go back to work. Financial support was low becasue funds were being diverted from education to aid in the war effort. -
Brown vs. The Board of Education
*MOST IMPORTANT*
United States Supreme Court case in which the court declared State laws establishing seperate but, public scholls for black and white students to be unconstitutional. This ruling paved the way for integration and was a major victory of the Civil Rights Movement. Brown -
Impact of the Civil Rights Movement
Because of the civil rights movement, Title VI of the act states that it prohits disctimination against studetns due to their color, race or national origin in all institutions. This also authorized the US attorney general to take legal action to acheive school desegragation and provide federal assistance to schools. -
Sputnik and NDEA
Sputnik also contributed directly to advancement in science and technology. This came about when President Eisenhower enacted a bill called the National Defense Education Act. This bill encouraged students to go to college and study math and science. The students' tuition fees would be paid for. This led to a new emphasis on science and technology in American schools. -
The Impact of the War on Poverty
The Office of Economic Opportunity was the agency responsible for administering most of the War on Poverty programs created during Johnson's Administration. They launched Project Head Start as an eight-week summer program in 1965. The project was designed to help end poverty by providing preschool children from low-income families with a program that would meet emotional, social, health, nutritional, and psychological needs. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
This act was passed as a part of United States President Lyndon B. Johnson's "War on Poverty" and has been the most far-reaching federal legislation affecting education ever passed by the United States Congress. The act is an extensive statute that funds primary and secondary education. -
A Nation at Risk
Is the 1983 report of American President Ronald Reagan's National Commission on Excellence in Education. Its publication is considered a landmark event in modern American educational history. Among other things, the report contributed to the ever-growing assertion that American schools were failing,[1][2] and it touched off a wave of local, state, and federal reform efforts. -
The Standards Movment
President George Bush asked the governors to join him in Charlottesville, Virginia in a meeting devoted solely to a discussion of educational goals. His goals were: 1-High academic standards and expectations for all students.
2-Tests that are more rigorous and more challenging, to measure whether students are meeting those standards.
3-Accountability systems that provide incentives and rewards for educators, students, and parents to work together to help students reach these standards. -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
*MOST IMPORTANT*
This act was formaly known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act but, was changed to IDEA in 1989. It insures that students with a disabilty are provided with a free appropriate public education that is tailored to their individual needs.
IDEA -
School Choice Movement
*MOST IMPORTANT*
A movement given to a wide array of programs offering students and their families alternatives to publicly provided schools, to which students are generally assigned by the location of their family residence. Charter schools and vouchers came into play at this time. School Choice -
No Child Left Behind
The Act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills. To receive federal school funding, states must give these assessments to all students at select grade levels. The Act does not assert a national achievement standard. Each individual state develops its own standards. NCLB expanded the federal role in public education through further emphasis on annual testing, annual academic progress, report cards, and teacher qualifications, as well as significant changes in funding.
