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Darwin published on The Origin of Species
http://www.genome.gov/25520157
Darwin published his first book, The Origin of Species, which touched on the idea of natural selection. He used his research he did at the Galapagos Islands to help with his conclusion. -
Mendel's Peas
http://www.genome.gov/25520230
Mendal uses peas to see how generations differed with each offspring that came out. He found that pairing different types of peas together would change how the pea looked in the end. -
Orderly Inheritance of Disease Observed
http://www.genome.gov/25520240
Archibald Garrod demonstrated how alkaptonuria is inherited using the Mendelian rules. His work showed one of the first conditions ascribed to a genetic cause -
The Word Gene Coined
Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word "gene" to describe the results of Mendal's units of heredity. -
One Gene, One Enzyme
http://www.genome.gov/25520248
George Beadle and Edward Tatum showed that genes act by regulating distinct chemical events. -
DNA is "Transforming Principle"
http://www.genome.gov/25520250
Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty found that DNA can transform the properties of a cell. This clarified the chemical nature of genes. -
Genes are Made of DNA
http://www.genome.gov/25520254
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase found that the DNA of a virus is the only thing needed to enter a bacterium to infect it. -
46 Human Chromosomes
http://www.genome.gov/25520285
Joe Hin Tjio said that the exact number of human chromosomes is 46. -
mRNA Ferries Information
http://www.genome.gov/25520298
Sydney Brenner, Francois Jacob, and Matthew Meselsonfound that mRNA is a molecule that takes information from DNA towards the nucleus to the protein-making machinery in the cytoplasm. -
Genetic Code Cracked
http://www.genome.gov/25520300
Marshall Nirenberg, Har Khorana and Severo Ochoa elaberates on the genetic code for genes. They showed how using nucleic acids with their 4-letter alphabet determine the order of the 20 kinds of amino acids in proteins. -
First Recombinant DNA
http://www.genome.gov/25520302
The first Recombinant DNA , which is the joining of DNA from different species and creating a hybrid DNA is put into a host cell, was created. -
DNA Sequencing
http://www.genome.gov/25520304
Sanger, Maxam and Gilbert each created a method of DNA sequencing. Sangers method is more commonly used and was improved upon. -
First Transgenic Mice and Fruit Flies
http://www.genome.gov/25520307
Scientists were able to add stably-inherited genes to Mice and Fruit Flies allowing them to use a new method to see how genes work. -
First Disease Gene Mapped
http://www.genome.gov/25520322
A genetic marker found Huntington disease on chromosome 4 making it the first disease gene mapped using DNA polymorphisms. -
Launch of the Human Genome Project
http://www.genome.gov/25520329
The DOE and NIH published a plan for the first five years of this project, which was supposed to take 15 years. The purpose of this project was to map the human genome and determine the sequence of all 3.2 billion letters in it -
New HGP Five-year Plan
http://www.genome.gov/25520335\
The National Institutes of Health and the Department of Energy established a new set of goals for the Human Genome Project. This plan included making genetic and physical maps. -
Physical Map of Human Genome Completed
A physical map using sequence-tagged sites as markers to order large segments of DNA was made. It contained 15,086 STSs. -
Human Gene Map Created
http://www.genome.gov/25520383
Scientists created a map that showed locations of expressed sequence tags. It represented fragments of more than 16,000 genes in the genome. -
E. coli Genome Sequenced
http://www.genome.gov/25520386
The complete genome sequence of E.coli was published. -
Full Scale Human Genome Sequencing
http://www.genome.gov/25520395
HGP participants moved their goal of obtaining draft sequence covering 90 percent of the human genome to 2000. Full-on human genome sequencing started. -
Free Access to Genomic Information
http://www.genome.gov/25520476
President Clinton stated that raw data from the Genome project could be published freely. -
Executive Order Bans Genetic Discrimination in the Federal Workplace
http://www.genome.gov/25520483
President Clinton signed an executive order to ban federal use of genetic information in hiring and promotion practices. It prohibited federal employers from using genetic tests as a condition to be hired. -
Rice Genome Sequenced
http://www.genome.gov/25520488
Scientists sequenced the genomes of rice. They were trying to create inproved varieties of rice. -
Premature Aging Gene Identified
http://www.genome.gov/25520496
A group of researchers found a gene associated with a rare genetic disease that leads to premature aging. This disease has no treatment. -
Surgeon General Stresses Importance of Family History
http://www.genome.gov/25520500
A surgeon general by the name of Richard H. Carmona stressed the importance of family history to your health. He set up a website dedicated to see if your family has any history of health risks. -
FDA Approves First Microarray
http://www.genome.gov/25520524
Microarray Instrumentation System is a test designed to help doctors personalize treatments for their patients. It was the first diagnostic microarray system approved by the Food and Drug Administration.
