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220 BCE
BEGGINING
To begin the computer science is the applied (hardworking) science that includes the study and application of the automatic treatment of the information, using electronic devices and systems, as the abacus, invented about the 220 B.C. -
1st GENERATION 1940-1956
The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and were often enormous, taking up entire rooms -
TRANSISTOR
Invented in 1947 at Bell Labs, transistors have become the key ingredient of all digital circuits, including computers.
Today's latest microprocessor contains tens of millions of microscopic transistors. -
UNIVAC
The UNIVAC was the first commercial computer delivered to a business client, the U.S. Census Bureau -
2nd GENERATION 1956-1963
The transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see widespread use in computers -
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
This term is coined by Jhon McCarthy at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. -
3d Generation 1964-1971
: Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips, called semiconductors, which drastically increased the speed and efficiency of computers. -
4th Generation 1971-Present
The microprocessor brought the fourth generation of computers, as thousands of integrated circuits we rebuilt onto a single silicon chip. A silicon chip that contains a CPU.
Three basic characteristics differentiate microprocessors:
-Instruction Set: The set of instructions that the microprocessor can execute. -Bandwidth: The number of bits processed in a single instruction. -Clock Speed: Given in MHz, the clock speed determines how many instructions per second the processor can execute. -
APPLE II
It is commercialized the series of microcomputers of Apple before the Macintosh -
WiINDOWS
Microsoft launches Windows as graphic interface of the operative system MS-DOS -
WWW
The World Wide Web is launched, which is the net as we know it nowadays -
5th Generation - Present and Beyond: Artificial Intelligence:
Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in development,though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today.
Artificial Intelligence is the branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. -
USES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
-Games Playing: programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers
-Expert Systems: programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations.
-Natural Language: programming computers to understand natural human languages
-Neural Networks: Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains
-Robotics: programming computers to see and hear and react to other sensory stimuli. -
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE WINS
An IBM super-computer called Deep Blue defeated world chess champion Gary Kasparov in a chess match. -
APPLE INCLUDES SIRI
Siri is a system based in voice recognition included in Apple devices since the Iphone 4S -
CORTANA
Microsoft presents Cortana, similar to Siri -
GOOGLE ASSISTANT
Google presents its system of voice recognition similar to Siri and Cortana.