History of Bilingual Education

By HUERTADIANA

  • Late 1800s North American Indian Education

    "By the end of the 1800s Native American school systems were eradicated

  • Immigrant Langauges

    German population - Instruction in German There were reading texts, report cards, etc. Dual language instruction or non English instruction offered in more than a dozen states Languages included:
    -German, Swedish, Norwegian, Danish, Dutch, etc.
  • Period: to

    Immigrant Languages

    Example: Newspapers

  • Beginning of the 1900's Immigrant Identities

    "Americanization" Sentiment against languages other than English and German in particular began to grow the term hyphenated Amerocan first published in 1889 and common as a derogatory term by 1904

  • Mid-1900s Language Education

    International: Cold War with Soviet Union, Immigrants from Cuba Domestic: civil rights, legislation and Supreme Court decisions
  • Period: to

    Early 1900s: World War II

    Navajo Code Talkers The Navajo language helped provide a code impossible for enemy forces to break thus it was the basis for secret war
  • Period: to

    Theodore Roosevelt

    "There is no room in this country for hyphenated Americanism... a hyphenated American is not American at all..."
  • Period: to

    Woodrow Wilson Sept. 25, 1919

    "Any man who carries a hyphen about with him carries a dagger that he is ready to plunge into the vitals of this republic whenever he gest ready"

  • Babel Proclamation Lowa

    The governor prohibited all foreign languages in schools and public places German-Americans' response to this tactic was to often quote-unquote Americanized their names. Example: Smith Muller to Miller Germans also limited the use of the German language in public places, especially churches.

  • Navajo-English Bilingual Text

    Native languages and English were used at this time for explicit language and learning goals evidence

  • Navajo-English Bilingual Text

    There were eight Navajo-English bilingual readers developed by the U.S. Office of Indian Affairs and printed at phoenix Indian school in 1940

  • International: Launch of Sputnik

    The Soviet Union's launch of the Sputnik space satellite had a huge impact and propelled the United States to consider changes in education. Foreign language programs were reintroduced and re-established based on the funding provided by the National defense Education Act

  • International: Cuba revolution, bay of pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis - Cuban Exiles/Refugees to Florida

    The impact of the Cuban exiles in Miage: Foreign language education because the Cuban immigrants founded the first bilingual schools in program and this is the Coral Way bilingual program.

  • Mid 1900's: North American Education: self-determination

    Rough Rock Demonstration School (Navajo) Native American education was influenced by the United Nations efforts for colonized peoples to quote chart their own destines and the U.S. civil rights movement

  • 1970's American Indian Movement (AIM)

    Reconnect Native Americans with their home languages through schooling that was more controlled by the Native American tribes -Survival schools
    -The red school house St. Paul Mn (9:29)

  • Assimilation

    Carlisle School "the educational goal, for Indias, was to civilize them through cultural assimilation"

  • Late 1900's Present North American Indian Education

    Language Reclamation/Regeneration -Revival
    -Revitalization
    Reversal language shift