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Vanderbilt owned a ferry business at the age of 16, When railroads became a thing, he sold all his ferries and put all his money into railroads. Because of this he became one the richest men in the US and had one of the only railroad companies.
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Carnegie was one of the 4 big boss for the late 1800's, early 1900's. He focused on making steel. He used vertical integration to help his business thrive. Vertical integration is when you buy other types of companies to help his main company work faster for less money. Then in 1901 he decided to retire and sold his company to J.P. Morgan.
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J.P. Morgan was born into a wealthy family, but made his own money by making one of the most powerful banking companies in the US. He was so rich that he would give people loans by helping with finance struggles, and in return they would sell a portion of their companies to him. He also would loan money to the government.
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Rockefeller used the horizontal integration method to monopolizes his oil company. He would lower his prices so that the other companies had no choice but to sell him their company. He ended up owning 90% of the oil in the US.
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A Political Machines is a corrupt rich person that is able to buy votes and get people to do things for them using their money to get what you want.
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The Homestead Act was an act in place for people to be able to buy 160 acres land for $10. Most people would buy land for farming or raising cattle.
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Because 20 million people migrated to the US, and it was cheaper for companies to hire immigrants then people born in the US their was an increase in Americans being jobless.
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because of Mark Twain's book the Gilded Age was give the name Gilded Age. It refereed to that time period as "Superficial Glitter".
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Because the Chinese for sought for by companies for being able to pay them so little for a lot of work, and was leaving less jobs for american people. The Chinese Exclusion Act was put in place to prohibit Chinese people into the US. The act was lifted after WWII.
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The president at the time Chester Arthur, put this act in place to stop political machines, corruption.