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This period was about 12,000 years ago. It marks the first colonization of the New World by Homo sapiens.
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This time period was from 800 BC - 1000 BC. This was a time climates changed in which the area became drier and warmer.
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Settlements became larger and more permanent. The Kolomoki site was the largest Woodland settlement.
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Large and powerful chiefs centered at imposing mound towns and dominated the landscape. Toward the end of this period, Hernando de Soto and his army traveled through the southeast in searvhes of riches.
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Hernando de Soto was a Spanish explorer who led the first European expedition deep into teriitory of modern day United States.He was the first documented European to cross the Mississppi River.
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The first twenty years of Georgia history was known as Trustees Georgia because of during this time a Board of Trustees Georgia governed the colony. King George signed a charter establishing the colony and making its governing board.
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The first group of Salzburgers sailed from England to Charleston, South Carolina and then going to Savannah on March 12. They were met by James Olgethrope who assigned them a home.
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On October 1735 a band of Highland Scots sailed from Inverness on The Prince of Wales. Scots were trained warriors, the world's finest fighting soldiers.
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John Reynolds was an officer of the Royal Navy. Reynolds' time as government was hard, he was not backed up by alot of people.
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Henry Ellis took John Reynolds place as governor Under his leadership Georgians learned to govern themselves.
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James Wright was the third and final Royal governor.Hia time as governor he focused on expanding Georgia and encouraged settlement in Georgia's frontier.
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The American revolution began when tensions between the American colonies and Great Britian. On April 19, the first troops were sent out and fought at Lexington and Concord, Massachuttes.
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On this day Lietenant Colonel Elijah Clarke was preparing to attack Boyd's camp at Kettle Creek. When a group of Georgia military men shot their leader, Boyd his men panicked and were driven across the creek.
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UGA was the first university in America to be created by a state government. UGA is located in Athens.
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The commission appointed by the legislature to find a new site for the capital. The commission was authorized to purchase 1,000 acres.
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Austin Dabney became the only African American to be granted land, 50 acres, by the the state of Georgia. He got this land in recognition of his military service during the Battle at Kettle Creek.
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The Constitutional Convection took place in the Pennsylvania State House. The point of this event was to decide how America was going to be governed.
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James Oglethorpe helped find Georgia. It was named in honor of King George II.
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55 delegates came up with a new system of governing, with 3 branches of government. The small states feared being swallowed up by the larger states. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the US Constitution.
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Eli Whitney formed the cotton gin manufacturing company. He planned to build cotton gins and put them on plantations to boost cotton production.
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Georgia was to weak after the Revolution to defend their western land called the "Yazoo Land". This land was present day Alambama, Mississippi, and portions of Louisana.
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This was an effort by Congress to defuse the sectional and political rivalries triggered. By the request of Missouri they wanted slavery permitted.
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This Gold Rush was the second significant gold rush in the US. It started in Dahlonega and spread through the North Georgia mountains.
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Worcester v. Georgia was a case in which the US Supreme Court held in 1832 that the Cherokee Indians constituted a nation holding district powers. The Georgia government recongnized that Samuel Worcester was taking the Indians land without permission from the state.
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Andrew Jackson's Indian removal policy forced the Cherokee nation was forced to give up their land. The journey to find new land was called "Trail of Tear".
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The Compromise of 1850 was a package of five seperate bill passed by the US Congress. This defused a 4 year political confrontation between slave and free states regarding the states of territories.
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This was a statement executed by a Georgia convention in Miledgeville, Georgia in response of the Compromise of 1850. Howell Cobb represented Georgia in Congress and aided the Compromise of 1850.
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Henry was a a minister, politician, and the first southern bishop of the African Methodist Episcobal Church. He was a pioneer in Georgia in organzing new congregation of the indeoendent black denomination after the civil war.
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Ten states createdthe territories of Kansas and Nebraska, opening new land of a territory to for settlement. This Act allowed settlers of a territory to decide weather slavery would be allowed within a new states border.
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The US Supreme Court issued its decision in the case of Dreed Scott v. Standford. This case was about a slave who had lived with his owner in a free state before returned to the slave state of Missouri.
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This US election was the 19th presidental election. The Democractic Party was in a mess when they convencend in Charleston, South Carolina to choose they presidental candidate.
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US President Abraham Lincoln's call at the start of the war for a naval blockade of the entire southern coastline. They called this the "Anacandda Plan"
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This was the bloodiest one-day battle in American History. This battle marked the highest point of confederate General Robert E Lee's 1st invasion of the Northern states.
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President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation as the nation approached its 3rd year of bloody civil war. It declared "that all persons held as slaves shall be free."
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Battle of Gettysburg is considered the most important engagment of the American Civil War. General Robert E Lee marched his Army of Northern Virginia into Pennsyvania.
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The battle of Chickamauga marked the end of a Union offensive in Southern Tennessee and Northweastern Georgia called the Chick Campaign. Braxton Bragg's Army of Tennessee defeated a Union force commanded by General William.
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Andersonville was built after confederate officials decided to move the large number of federal prisoners in and around Richmond to a place of greater security and move abundant food.
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Confederate forces under John flood pulled out of Atlanta and the city, they surrenered the next day. Before his March to the Sea Sherman ordered that Atlanta's millitary resources to be burned.The fire got out of control and left Atlanta in ruins.
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Union General William T Sherman led 60,000 soldiers on a 285- mile March from Atlanta to Savannah. The purpose was to frighten Georgia's civilian population into abanding the Confederate cause.
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Freedom's Bureau was established by Congress to help former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the US Civil War.
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The 13th Admendment to the US consitution abolished slavery and involuntary service. It passed in congress on April 8, 1864 and passed in the House on January 31, 1865.
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The Ku Klux Klan's goal was to destroy reconstuction by murdering blacks and some whites active either in Republican politics or educating black children.
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The 14th Admendment was apoted on JUly 9, 1868. It addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and the issues related to former slaves.
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The 15th Amendment prohibits the federal and state governments from denying a citizen the right to vote based on that citizens race, color, or previous condition of service.
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The location was along the western and Atlantic Railroad tracks near the present-day King Plow Art Center development in the west midtown area.
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Booker T. Washington was an African American educator, author, and advisor to presidents of the US. Washington was the dominant leader in the African American community.
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As the New South emerged from the chaos of reconstrustion, so did discontent among farmers throughtout the region. The Farmers' Alliance organized to voive this resentment and it was within that organization the Thomas E. Watson became a powerful leader.
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Plessy v. Ferguson came from an incident in which African train passenger Homer Plessy refused to sit in a Jim Crow car (breaking a Louisana law). He was brought before Judge John H. Ferguson.
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Alonzo Herdon was an entreprenuer and the founder and president of the Atlanta Life Insurance Company. He was one of the most sucessful black owned insurance businesses.
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The Atlanta race riot of 1906 was a mass civil disturbance in Atlanta. It was characterized at the time by Le Petit Journal and other media outlets as a "racial Massacre of negros".
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Legenia Hope spent most of her career in Atlanta working for improvement of the black communities through social work, health campaigns, and better education. John Hope was an important African American educator and race leader.
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WEB DuBios was Booker T. Washington's oppenent. HE was an American sociologist historian, civil rights activists, and a author.
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The Leo Frank case is one of the most notorious and highly publicized cases in the legal annals of Georgia. A Jewish man in Atlanta was placed on trial and convicted of raping and murdering a 13 year old girl who worked for the national Pencil Company, which he managed.
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World War I was the first World War. It was a global war centered in Europe. More than 7 million people died in this war.
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The County Unit System was a voting system used by the US states to determine a victor in statewide primary elections from 1917-1962.
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The Great Depressi was the longest-lasting economic downturn in history. The Grest Depression began soon after the stock market crashed.
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He served in public ofice for 50 years as state legislature. He helped to secure or maintain 15 military instalations.
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Eugene Talmadge was a Democractic politician who served 2 terms as Georgia's 67th Governor. He was elected to a fourth-termas State chief executive but died before taking office.
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The Civilian Conservaton Corps was a public work reflect program ran in the US for unemployed, unmarried men. It was part of the New Deal.
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Richard Russell served in public office for 50 years as starte legislative. He helped to secure or maintain 15 military instalations.
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The Holocaust was a genocide that killed about 6 million Jews. A group of people called the Nazis led by Adolf Hitler, put Jews in concentration camps.
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The Agriculture Adjustment Act was a US federal law of the New Deal time which reduced agriculture production by paying farmers not to plant on a part of their land and to kill excess livestock.
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It was a federal law of the New Deal tiem which reduced agriculture production by paying farmers not to plant on a part of their land and to kill excess livestock.
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Social Security Act to provide for the general welfare by establishing a system of federal old-age benefits.
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The Rural Electrification Act provided federal loans for the installation of electrical distribution system to serve rural areas of the US. The funding was channeled through cooperative electric power companies.
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William B. Hartsfield served as mayor in Atlanta for 6 terms. Hartsfield held offices for segragation between the whites and blacks.
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World War was the second world war. This war was the dealiest conflict in human history.
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The attack on Pearl Habor was a surprise military stride by the Japense Navy.
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The Atlanta Hawks are a professinal basketball team based in Atlanta, Georgia. They won a NBA championship in 1958.
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This all started when Eugene Talmadge (goveror at this time) died. His supporters came up with a plan that let Georgia legislature elect a new Governor. When the people elected Eugene's son the lieutentant governor refused to step down from office.
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This is was a Supreme Court case in which the Court declared state laws establishing to seperate public schools. There would be a black school and a white school.
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Herman Talmadge was the son of Eugene Talmadge and served as govorner of Georgia. In 1956, he was elcted as US Senate until 1980.
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In 1956 the Atlanta Attorney and the State Democratic Party started a campaign to change the US flag.
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Governor Ernest Vandiver Jr. was forced to decide between closing public schools or complying with a federal order to desegregate them. The committee was charged with gathering state resident's sentiments regarding desegregation and reporting back to the governor.
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The Albany Movement was the first mass movement in the modern civil rights era to have a goal of desegregation the entire community, and it resulted in the jailing of more than 1,000 African Americans.
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Ivan Allen Jr. served as mayor in Atlanta from 1962-1970. He credited with leading the city through physical and economic growth through the civil right movement.
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More than 200,000 gathered in Washington DC for a rally for jobs and freedom. The March on Washington was organized by civil rights and religious groups.
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The Civil Rights Act ended segregation in public places. It was first proposed by President John F. Keenedy.
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Carl Vinson was a US Represenitive from Georgia. He was the first person to serve as US Representive for more than 50 years.
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The Atlanta Falcons are a professional football team based from Atlanta, Georgia. They are a part of the NFC South division.
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The Atlanta Braves are an American professional baseball team based in Atlanta.
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Rumors that Maddox would return Georgia to a state of massive resistance against segregation proved unfounded. Maddoax proved progress on many racial matters.
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Andrew Young was a politician, human rights activist, and businessman. He is responsible for the development of Atlanta's reputation as an international city.
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Maynard Jackson was the first African American to serve as mayor of a major southern city. Jackson served eight years and then returned for a third term
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Jimmy Cater was the only Georgian elected president of the US and held office for one term. He surprised most Georgians when he proclaimed that segregation had ended.
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Atlanta hosted the Summer Olypics in 1996. Preperations for the Olypics took 6 years and awarded them economically with $5.4 billion.
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Benjamin Mays was an African American minister, educator, scholar, and social activist. He was a significant mentor to civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr.
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Martin Luther King Jr. played a key role in civil rights. He believed in nonviolence but was unforntunatly assinated in 1963. He is well known for his speeh "I Had A Dream".
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The SNCC was formed to give younger black studenta a voice in the civil rights movement. Ella Baker helped set up the first meeting of the SNCC.
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Hamilton is best known for desgregating Georgia's university. These two people were the first African Americans to attend UGA.
