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facing a severe financial crisis and growing political unrest, summoned the Estates General, a representative assembly of the three estates to address the issues, marking the beginning of the French Revolution.
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A pivotal event in the French Revolution where the Third Estate (commoners) vowed not to disband until they had established a written constitution
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Parisian revolutionaries stormed the Bastille, a medieval fortress and prison, symbolizing royal authority and the beginning of the French Revolution, which led to the overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of a republic.
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The last article of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen was adopted, first step toward writing a constitution for France.
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Louis XVI and his family were forced to return to Paris from Versailles, where they had been living, and were effectively placed under house arrest in the Tuileries Palace.
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the last king of France, was publicly executed by guillotine
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France was beset by foreign and civil wa
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was overthrown by the more radical Montagnards, leading to their persecution and the rise of the Jacobins and the Reign of Terror
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Charlotte Corday, a royalist sympathizer, traveled to Paris and obtained an audience with Marat, stabbing him fatally while he was in his bath
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a period of violence during the French Revolution incited by conflict between two rival political factions
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in Paris, after being convicted of treason by the Revolutionary Tribunal during the French Revolution.
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executed after his increasing moderation and opposition to the Reign of Terror led to his trial and conviction
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marking the end of the Reign of Terror and a shift towards more conservative policies
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was arrested and executed by guillotine on July 28, 1794, marking the end of the Reign of Terror and the beginning of the Thermidorian Reaction
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established the French Directory, a bicameral legislature, and a five-member executive
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replacing it with the French Consulate
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French Directory was brought down by a combination of political corruption, economic instability, and a lack of public support
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Napoleon engineered the Coup of 18 Brumaire against the French Directory and became First Consul of the Republic.
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to reform the French legal system, unifying laws and promoting principles like equality before the law and property rights.
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a symbolic act that marked the birth of the First French Empire and established the imperial Bonaparte Dynasty
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a campaign that ended in a disastrous defeat for France, largely due to the harsh Russian winter and the scorched-earth tactics employed by the retreating Russian army
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resulted in the near-total destruction of his Grande Armée due to a combination of Russian resistance
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where he ruled for about a year before escaping and returning to France for his "Hundred Days".
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initiating the Hundred Days, a period of his brief return to power before his final defeat at Waterloo
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the Bourbon monarchy was restored in France, with Louis XVIII, brother of the executed Louis XVI, ascending to the throne in 1814, initially establishing a constitutional monarchy