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Catherine Beecher was a women’s rights activist and author who encouraged proper education for women as teachers and mothers. She wrote the first Family and Consumer Sciences textbook published in 1841 titled “A Treatise on Domestic Economy.” She went on to write 33 more books. -
Justin Smith Morrill was a politician in the 1800’s who advocated for higher education. He was active in local and state politics, including working in Congress, working as a Representative, and working as a Senator. -
Charlotte Forten was the first African American school teacher. During the time of the civil war, she traveled around the South and educated former slaves. She was also heavily involved with civil rights and women's rights to education. -
Richards was the first woman to attend MIT. She was also an advocate for domestic sciences to be taught in school and also was a part, and founder of, the American Home Economic Association. She was an instrumental part of getting many laws and policies to be passed. People refer to her today as the founder of Family and Consumer Sciences. -
Atwater is considered to be the “father of nutrition sciences.” His system he developed based on calorimetry allowed him to determine the caloric content of various foods. -
The Morrill Act of 1862, created by Justin Morrill, allowed states to establish public colleges that were funded by the development or the sale of federal land grants. -
A Land Grant University is a college or university that has been chosen by its respective state Congress or legislature to receive benefits from the Morrill Acts. These were originally created to teach agricultural and military courses, but eventually developed into diverse colleges and universities. These were funded by the states each selling federal land where the universities would be formed and built. The first one was built in 1863. -
Martha Rensselaer was a home economist and professor at Cornell University. She was one of the few who attended the Lake Placid Conferences and was once the president of the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences. She developed coop extension programs at Cornell to help improve home economics education. -
The University of Arkansas located in Fayetteville was the first land grant university in Arkansas. -
Graves was a Dietitian and was the very first president of the American Dietetic Association (Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics). She was essential in improving the public’s health and nutrition and conserving food and resources during World War I. -
The University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff was the second land grant university in Arkansas. -
The Rumford Kitchen, named after Benjamin Thompson, also known as Count Rumford, was presented at the Chicago World’s Fair in 1893. This exposition was intended to show the science behind nutrition and cooking. -
Ellen Swallow Richards created the very first school lunch program in Boston. She did this in hopes of giving awareness of this widely known public health issue. -
This conference was held to bring people associated with home economics and home science together to create a national organization for these interests. These people were advocates for teaching home economics in the school system. -
This association was formed in Washington D.C. from the people who were a part of the Lake Placid Conference. It was founded by Ellen Swallow Richards. The members of this organization lobbied the government for funding to teach home economics. The name was changed to the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences in 1994. -
This act gave federal aid to each state to help promote and encourage vocational education prior to college in home economics, agricultural trade, and industrial trades. -
This association was formed by 58 people who saw a need for people to be educated in nutrition and the sciences behind it and also to be educated in feeding people during World War I.The name was changed to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics in 2012. -
This act gave federal aid to each state to help promote and encourage vocational education prior to college in home economics, agricultural trade, and industrial trades. -
This act required states and communities to plan vocational education programs that are compatible with changes going on in the economy and the working environment. This act was passed in hopes to offer new and improved vocational education programs to help train people to begin working. -
This vocational amendment provided improved programs for part-time employment of the youth to receive earnings to continue vocational training. -
Also known as the Vocational Rehabilitation Act, this act was created to ensure equality within the school systems for students with disabilities or “special needs” and those who were handicapped. The welfare and education of these individuals were being recognized. -
This amendment was created to require states receiving federal funding for vocational education to improve the standards of education for disadvantaged students and to terminate gender bias and stereotyping. -
Originally known as the Vocational Education Act of 1963 and renamed the Carl Perkins Act in 1984. This was revised to increase education of CTE programs for high school, college, and university students. This was important to prepare young adults and students who did not receive a substantial education in the past. -
The American Home Economics Association changed its name to the American Association of Family and Consumer Sciences. -
The American Dietetics Association changed its name to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.