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469 BCE
Socrates (469-399 BCE)
An ancient Greek philosopher. He is known as the "Father of Western Philosophy"
The Philosophy of Socrates:
Socrates believed that "no one commits an evil act knowingly and doing wrong arises out of ignorance." He believes that no one commits evil and wrongful acts out of temptations or from weaknesses but it is because they lack moral knowledge. -
428 BCE
Plato (428-348 BCE)
An Athenian philosopher and ranks among the greatest philosophers of the world. He is known as "the Father of Idealism" and was a student of Socrates.
The Philosophy of Plato:
Plato's ethics focuses on the good character traits of an individual. He believed that happiness is the highest aim of morals, conduct, and virtue. He teaches us that we must live well to be truly happy. "Happiness springs from doing good and helping others."
- Plato -
384 BCE
Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
A Greek philosopher and scientist. He made lasting contributions to nearly every aspect of human knowledge. Also, a student of Plato for twenty years.
The Ethical Philosophy of Aristotle:
Aristotle emphasizes the role of habit in conduct concerning an individual's action. He believes that we should be good to live a better life and also live a life of moderation to be happy. Since anything excess is not good and healthy. -
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)
An English philosopher, scientist, and historian. He is one of the founders of modern political philosophy.
Philosophy of Hobbes: Moral Positivism
He believes that all men will avoid something dangerous and deadly since all men want power and wealth. According to Hobbes' Moral, Positivism laws are created to avoid chaos and to protect the rights of the people. Good actions must be accepted while bad actions must be forbidden according to the law. Everyone should follow and be aware of the laws. -
Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832)
An English philosopher, jurist, and social reformer. He is the founder of modern utilitarianism.
The Philosophy of Bentham: Utilitarianism
He believes that the rightness or wrongness of an action is judged by its utility to produce pleasure. Utilitarianism is best explained as " Do whatever produces the greatest good for the greatest number." Utility teaches us to be aware of the consequences of our actions.
