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Education act 1944 famously known as Butler Act:
Famously known as Butler act after Conservative politician R A Butler.
• Introduced the Tripartite System of secondary education('Tripartite System': Grammar, Secondary Modern, Technical) and made all schooling--especially secondary education, free for all pupils.
• It raised the school leaving age to 15-free schooling age to 18.
• Kept age 11+ entrance tests for sending children to higher levels.
• Every school was required to begin the day with a nondenominational religious activity, and Ang -
1951 General Certificate of Education (GCE) introduced
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1954 National Advisory Council on the Training and Supply of Teachers (NACTST) fourth report: training of special needs teachers introduced.
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1959 Education Act
Gave the Minister greater powers relating to grants and loans to aided schools and special agreement schools. -
1959 Crowther Report
Recommended raising the school leaving age to 16 and the provision of further education for 15-18 year olds, questioned the value of day release provision for apprenticeships.
• school assessment should be given greater weight and a new system of leaving certificates should be developed;
• teachers who work with below-average pupils should receive a fair share of responsibility allowances;
• authorities and governing bodies should not judge their modern schools by public examination results; -
1960 Beloe Report:
Recommended Certificate of Secondary Education(CSE)- in addition to GCE O’ Level- to cater for less academic 15 year olds. -
1962 Education Act
Required LEAs to provide students with grants for living costs and tuition fees; placed legal obligation on parents to ensure that children received a suitable education at school or otherwise - failure to comply could result in prosecution; made LEAs legally responsible for ensuring that pupils attended school. -
The Newsom Report (1963) Half Our Future
This reported resulted as 11+ failures were getting a poor deal. Focussed on education of 13-16 year olds with average or less than average ability. It argued that future of the country depended on better education of below average pupils.
• excessive use of ability grouping should be avoided, and efforts should be made to emphasise the status of older pupils;
• sex education is essential for adolescent boys and girls;
• the school programme in the final year ought to be an initiation into the a -
1964 DES-The Ministry of Education was renamed the Department of Education
The Ministry of Education was renamed the Department of Education and Science and the Minister became the Secretary of State. -
1965-Certificate of Secondary Education introduced in England and Wales as a result of Boloe report.
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Plowden Report Contd...
• Training college should expand opportunities for teachers to train in teaching English to immigrants (Ch. 6)
• Surveys of primary education should be undertaken every 10 years (Ch. 8)
• Nursery education should be available to children at any time after they reach the age of three (Ch. 9)
• A three-tier system of first, middle and Secondary schools, with transfer at ages 8 and 12. (Ch. 10)
• Authorities maintaining selection should not rely on intelligence and attainment tests. (Ch. 11)
• The -
1967 Plowden Report Children and their Primary Schools:
: This was commissioned by the then Minister Of Education. Apparently, since 1931 Sir Henry Hadow’s report, there had not been a thorough review of Primary Education in England (again none since Powden ). This is supposed to be the best known of all education reports, it promoted child-centred education.
• Primary schools should be used as fully as possible out of ordinary hours (Ch. 5)
• A national policy of 'positive discrimination' should favour schools in deprived neighbourhoods (Ch. 5)
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1969 Children and Young Persons Act 1969:
Gave LEAs responsibilities for children not receiving education or in need of care and control. -
1973 School leaving age was raised to 16.
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I was born
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1977-I started my formal education at Holy Mary High School (this is a fee paying school)-Hyderabad.
I started my formal education at Holy Mary High School (this is a fee paying school)-Hyderabad. -
1978 Waddell Report School Examinations
Recommended a single exam at age 16 to replace the GCE O Level and CSE. (The first GCSE exams were taken in 1988) -
1978 Family moved about 325km away.
Family moved about 325km away and I was educated privately because it was the middle of academic year. -
Primary School Start
Got admitted into an Aided School- Primary school-Not much fee to be paid. -
1980 Education Act
Instituted the assisted places schemes (public money for children to go to private schools), gave parents greater powers on governing bodies and over admissions, and removed LEAs' obligation to provide school milk and meals. -
1984 Education (Grants and Awards) Act
: Education Support Grants (ESGs) were introduced. -
Secondary School Start
1984-1988
We had common curriculum and common secondary school leaving exam for all the schools in the state.
(I expressed my strong inclination to study Professional Engineering studies. I did not know exactly what it takes, but I wanted to be just like my father. This is the reason why I chose to do Mathematics and Physical Sciences in my further education studies.) -
1986 General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE):
common 16+ exam system replaced GCE O Level and CSE. -
1987 The National Curriculum 5-16
: the consultation document in which the government set out its plans for the introduction of the national curriculum and associated assessment procedures. -
1988 Education Reform act: This is regarded as the most important education act after Butler report.
-National Curriculum was introduced
-Key stages were introduced.
-Grant maintained schools were introduced. Schools get their grants direct from the central Government.
-Local Management schools were introduced: Financial control was transferred to the Head teachers and governors of the school. -
Start of Junior College (Equivalent of A'Levels)
1988-1990 Junior college -
1990-1993 Undergraduate Degree (Maths-Physics-Chemistry as major subjects).
1990-1993
Common Core Syllabus for the universities in my state of Andhra Pradesh was recently introduced. -
1992 Education Act Established 'Ofsted'
Department of Education and Science was renamed Department for Education. -
1995(DfEE) Department for Education was renamed Department for Education and employment.
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Post-graduate degree in Physics. 1994-1996
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1998 Crick Report Education for citizenship and the teaching of democracy in schools: recommended that citizenship education should be a statutory entitlement in the school curriculum.
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Post-graduate degree in Technology (M.Tech in Remote Sensing)
1998-2000
This University was founded in 1946. -
1998 Teaching and Higher Education Act 1998 : Established the General Teaching Council (GTC),
Abolished student maintenance grants and students will now have to contribute towards tuition fees. -
2000 City academies: David Blunkett announced the creation of a network of academies - private schools paid for by the state.
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2001 DfEE was renamed DfES Department for Education and Skills.
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2004 Every child matters:
Result of the death of Victoria Climbie. The main aim is to offer support to every child to: Stay Safe; Healthy; Enjoy and achieve; Economic well-being; positive contribution- irrespective of their background. -
2006 Education and Inspections Act
Greater freedom to schools such as: owning their own assets; employing their own staff; setting their own admissions arrangements etc. -
2007 School leaving age
Government announced its intention to raise the SLA to 18, possibly in 2013. -
2007 Ofsted became The Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills
National school tests for 7, 11 and 14 year olds to be scrapped as well. -
2008 Education and Skills Act Raised the education leaving age to 18; Key Stage 3 SATs effectively abolished.
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2011 Education Act: increased schools' powers
relating to pupil behaviour and exclusions, further diminished the role of local authorities, further expansion of academies etc. -
2012 Ofsted Report Moving English forward-action to raise standards in English.
Identified the following problems:
• The teaching of writing needs to be more effective and to include a stronger emphasis on spelling and handwriting
• There are too few English coordinators in primary schools who are subject specialists
• too few pupils read widely enough for pleasure
• Curriculum transition in English from Key Stage 2 to Key Stage 3 is underdeveloped in too many schools
• National tests and examinations have too much impact on the range and content of the English curriculum
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2012 Statutory Framework for the EYFS: Setting the standards for learning, development and care for children from birth to five.
The reforms aim to:
• reduce paperwork and bureaucracy;
• strengthen partnerships between parents and professionals;
• focus on the three prime areas of learning most essential for children’s readiness for future learning and healthy development;
• detail the four specific areas of learning which build on the prime areas;
• introduce a progress check at aged two to provide for early intervention as necessary; and
• simplify assessment at age five – usually at the end of the reception year;
