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120,000 BCE
Prehistoric Technology Proliferation (Added)
Analysis has revealed that approximately 1.2 million years ago humans made, refined and used toothpicks. The proliferation indicates some form of teaching. The creation of toothpicks, the collection of suitable twigs, stripping of the bark, and refinement into a usable tool must have required intentional teaching including demonstration tools. We can see this teaching behavior among chimpanzees today when elder chimps teach younger chimps how to create a tool to collect termites. -
75,000 BCE
Prehistoric Art (Added)
There are cave paintings from 40,800 years ago in El Castillo, Spain and the Blombos Cave Engravings unearthed at Blombosfontein Nature Reserve near Cape Town, South Africa date back to approximately 75,000 BCE. The proliferation of these technologies, from one generation to another, must surely have required some form of training, supported by the use of process and tools which is educational technology. -
500 BCE
Confucius (Added)
Confucius (551 B.C. to 479 B.C.), also known as Kong Qui or K’ung - he Analects, Confucius presents himself as a "transmitter who invented nothing". He puts the greatest emphasis on the importance of study, and it is the Chinese character for study (學) that opens the text. -
400 BCE
Classical Antiquity
Elder Sophists - approximately 490 to 380 BC - First documented professional educators, introduced a systematic method of instruction Socratic Method - approximately 470 - 399 BC - As documented by Plato, Socrates used a form of cooperative argumentative or dialog to educate -
1250
Middle Ages
Abelard Scholastic Educational Method, 1225-1274, Development of the dialectical approach of offering arguments both for and against a position, encouraging the learner to study and deduce their own conclusions. -
1436
Johannes Gutenberg (Added)
Johannes Gutenberg produced a movable type printing press system that spread rapidly through Europe. -
Sir Francis Bacon (Added)
Sir Francis Bacon – 22 January 1561 – 9 April 1626 his works are the cornerstone of the scientific method. -
Age of Discovery
Johann Amos Comenius 1592-1670 – Design and implementation of Mass Instructional Principles -
Foundations of Developmental Psychology
Johann Heinrich Pestalozi 1746-1827 “Psychologising of instructional method – organized instruction according to human development. Friedrich Froebel– The Education of Man – "The purpose of education is to encourage and guide man as a conscious, thinking and perceiving being in such a way that he becomes a pure and perfect representation of that divine inner law through his own personal choice; education must show him the ways and meanings of attaining that goal." -
Thomas A. Edison (Added)
Thomas A. Edison developed the Kinetoscope, forerunner of the motion-picture film projector, invented by Thomas A. Edison and William Dickson of the United States in 1891. -
Development of Practical Radio Communication (Added)
Guglielmo Marconi proved the feasibility of radio communication. By 1899 he flashed the first wireless signal across the English. the technology of using radio waves to carry information enabled the development of educational radio in the 1920s and was the forerunner of today’s widespread wireless technologies. -
Modern Psychology
Jean Piaget (9 August 1896 – 16 September 1980) - Stages of Development - Looked at how children develop intellectually throughout the course of childhood. Contributed to Cognitive learning theory and Constructivism. B.F. Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990) – Development of Behaviorist theories based on classical and operant conditioning. Robert Mills Gagné (August 21, 1916 – April 28, 2002) Developed a series of studies and works that explained the conditions of learning. -
Development of Television (Added)
Philo Taylor Farnsworth was one of several people who claimed to invent television. He invented the picture tube and built the first all-electric TV set. He had built his first prototype in 1927 and presented it in 1928. For anyone old enough to remember “School House Rock” and the Electric Company, there is no doubt, for good or bad, television is a powerful educational tool. -
Satellite communications technology (Added)
Project SCORE was the world’s first communications satellite. Launched aboard an American Atlas rocket on December 18, 1958. The advancement of this technology has made instant communications, including the internet available nearly everywhere on earth. -
Information Age
Proliferation of microcomputers beginning with the success of the Apple II, first sold on June 10, 1977. Development of the internet - Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first web browser in 1990. Spread of wireless technology – iPhone released in the United States on June 29, 2007.
