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Brown vs. Board of Education
African American students argued that segregated public schools were inherently unequal and deprived them of equal protection of the laws. The Supreme Court decided that segregated schools have to place in the public school system. -
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Major Points in Special Education Law
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Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
In 1965, Congress addressed the inequality of educational opportunity for underprivileged children and chose to provide resources to help students with disadvantages access quality educational opportunities. -
Pennsylvania Assn. for Retarded Children v.Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (PARC)
The decision was made that educational placement decisions must include a process of parental participation and a means to resolve disputes, and eradicated the exclusion of mentally retarded children. -
Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia.
The court ruled that students with disabilities must be given a public education even if the students are unable to pay for the cost of the education, and that "all children are entitled to free public education and training appropriate to their learning capacities". http://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm -
Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973
Requires that schools supply students with Free and Appropriate Education (FAPE) to each eligible student in the district, regardless of how severe the disability. -
Public Law 94-142: The Education for All Handicapped Children Act
Ensured that all children with handicaps “have a right to education, and to establish a process by which State and local educational agencies may be held accountable for providing educational services for all handicapped children.” -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The Education for All Handicapped Children Act was amended to the Individuals with Disabilities Act, and included the necessity for transitionary programs for students leaving the school system. -
Re-authorization and amendment of IDEA Law
Amendment that required
-LEAs to consult with private school officials before conducting child find activities
-districts must provide private school students with the opportunity for services
-any parentally placed private school student that the LEA serves must have an equivalent of an IEP -
No Child Left Behind Act (PL - 107-110)
Significantly increased the federal role in holding schools responsible for the academic progress of all students.
Ensures that states and schools boost performance of certain groups like ELLs, Spec. Ed., and poor/minority children. -
IDEA 2004 Amendment
This amendment was enacted to provide an education that meets a child’s unique needs and prepares the child for further education, employment, and independent living, and to protect the rights of both children with disabilities and their parents
