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Period: Feb 20, 1500 to
Prior to the 1800s
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Feb 21, 1500
Incan Amautas (wise men)
They included illustrious philosophers, poets, and priests who kept the oral histories of the Incas alive by imparting the knowledge of their culture, history, customs and traditions throughout the kingdom. Wikipedia -
Correspondence lessons in short hand
Students were taught how to write in short hand through lessons sent to their home weekly. Distance Learning Net -
United States Postal Service
Continental Congress appoints Benjamin Franklin as the first postmaster general, making him and his agency, the United States Postal Office, the forerunner of the United States Postal Service (USPS). eHow -
Massachusettes
First state to use tax revenue to finance public education History Central -
Claude Chappe
Invented the first long-distance semaphore (visual or optical) telegraph line. About.com Inventors -
Period: to
During the 1800's
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New York
Opened its first free school History Central -
Emma Willard
Made an appeal to the New York State legislature to fund education. She got support from former president, Thomas Jefferson. The Common Council gave $4000 to fund Emma's school called the Troy Female Seminary in Troy, New York, which opened in Septemper 1821 and offered full courses of rigor subjects found in the best men's colleges. Westward Expansion -
United States Board of Education
Horace Mann sets up a consensus doubling state funding to education and teaching salaries. Fifty new high schools are built thanks to this funding, along with formal teacher training programs and school libraries. DegreeGo Blog
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Mary Lion
Established Mount Holyoke Seminary. The school offered classes practically the same as those at a men's college and it offered a complete education to women. Westward Expansion -
Isaac Pitman
Taught shorthand in Great Britain via correspondence lessons Wikipedia -
University of London
Established External Programme Distance Learning Net -
Pony Express
Began delivery runs from Missouri to Sacramento, California eHow -
Mahlon Loomis
Able to make a meter connected to one kite cause another one to move, marking the first known instance of wireless aerial communication About.com Inventors -
Illinois Wesleyan University
First degree-granting correspondence program How Stuff Works -
Society to Encourage Studies at Home
Established in Boston Distance Learning Net -
Alexander Graham Bell
Telephone was invented. Telephony Museum -
Visual Light Communication (VLC)
The first VLC transmission (which was also the first wireless transmission in the world) was sent in Washington D.C. on 3 June 1880 by Scottish born engineer, inventor, scientist and innovator Dr. Alexander Graham Bell and his then assistant, American inventor Charles Sumner Tainter. They used a system they had developed and patented called the Photophone. bemri -
International Correspondence Schools
Incorporated in 1890 How Stuff Works -
University of Chicago
Established correspondence programming How Stuff Works -
William Rainey Harper
Encouraged the concept of correspondence courses to promote education; Put into practice by Columbia University Wikipedia -
USPS
Free mail delivery in rural areas eHow -
Period: to
During the 1900's
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Moody Bible Institute
Formed correspondence department that continues today Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Films
First catalog of instructional films appeared. digitalschool.net -
University of Australia’s Department of Correspondence Studies
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Thomas Edison
Edison stated that due to the invention of film, "Our school system will be completely changed in the next ten years." digitalschool.net -
Slides and Motion Pictures
Many schools and extension programs were making use of slides and motion pictures to improve the learning process. Distance Learning Plan -
Distance Education and Training Council (DETC)
Founded to promote sound educational standards and ethical business practices within the correspondence field. DETC -
University of Nebraska
Began experimenting with correspondence courses in high schools Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
State University of Iowa
Began experimenting with transmitting instructional courses via instructional television digitalschool.net -
Western Reserve University
First to offer continuous series of courses via broadcast television Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Correspondence Study Division
Conducted a study of the use of television to support correspondence instruction; report recommended research to measure the effectiveness of television as an educational tool digitalschool.net -
Midwest Program on Airborne Television Instruction (MPATI)
Launched its "flying classroom" from an airfield near Purdue University in Lafayette, Indiana to broadcast instructional programs to school systems and the general public in Indiana and five surrounding states digitalschool.net -
School of Open Learning (SOL)
Distance education from Dehli University in India; 900 students enrolled in first academic year Delhi Education -
University of South Africa
Became a distance teaching university and brought change to how distance education was practiced in much of the world Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Charles Wedemeyer
From the University of Wisconsin-Madison; Carnegie Foundation funded Articulated Instructional Media Project (AIM) involving communications technologies to provide learning to an off-campus population Wikipedia -
Telemedicine Beginning
Under a grant from the U.S. National Institute for Mental Health (NMH), the Nebraska Psychiatric Institute began using a two-way closed-circuit TV link between the Institute itself and Norfolk State Hospital about 112 miles away. The link was used for education and consultations between specialists and general practitioners. Electronic Design -
COURSEWRITER
An online distance learning system developed by IBM and used at the University of Alberta until 1980 distance-education.org -
The Open University
Influenced by AIM; Located in the United Kingdom; Relied on radio and television broadcasts Wikipedia -
Athabasca University
Canada's Open University -
Association for Educational Communication and Technology
Changed name from Department of Audiovisual Instructional and defined educational technology as "a field involved in the facilitation of human learning through the systematic identification, development, organization, and utilization of a full range of learning resources ...." digitalschool.net -
PEACENET
In the Pacific Basin was used in the first ever application of satellites in distance education. The Journal -
Educational Television Stations
233 educational stations existed digitalschool.net -
NASA Telemedicine
NASA began trial runs of its Space Technology Applied to Rural Papago Advanced Health Care (STARPAHC) program for telemedical help for people living in remote locations with little or no medical services. Electronic Design -
Germany's FernUniversität
Distance education institution in Hagen; founded in 1974 Wikipedia -
Appalachian Education Satellite Project
Demonstrated the feasibility of satellite-delivered instruction Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
ACCET
[>ACCET](http://www.accet.org/about-us/mission-scope-overview' Accrediting Council for Continuing Education and Training; founded for the purpose of improving continuing education and training; accredits non-collegiate programs that offer distance education <a href='http://www.accet.org/about-us/mission-scope-overview)</a> -
Coastline Community College
With 20,000 students, it was the first entirely virtual college. distance-education.org -
Canadian Telemedicine
Canada's Memorial University of Newfoundland participated in a Canadian Space Program for distance education and medical care, using the joint Canadian/U.S. Hermes satellite. Electronic Design -
Anadolu University
Created in Turkey to provide distance education Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
International Council for Distance Education
Changed name from International Council for Correspondence Education to better reflect changes in the field aect -
Enrollment
More than 300,000 students were enrolled in university-taught distance education courses. The Journal -
China
China had over 30,000 TV classes and employed almost 25,000 academics. Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Borje Holmberg
Wrote the landmark article "The Development of Distance Education Research" providing a sturcture for distance education research Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Star Schools Program
Served underserved populations, including disadvantaged, nonreading, and limited English proficient (LEP) populations and individuals with disabilities; develop, construct, acquire, maintain, and operate telecommunications audio and visual facilities and equipment; develop and acquire educational and instructional programming; and obtain technical assistance for the use of such facilities and instructional programming.
<a href='http://www2.ed.gov/programs/starschools/index.html' >Star Schools</ -
Linking for Learning
Report done for Congress by the Office of Technology Assessment giving an overview of distance learning, roles of teachers, and reports of local, state, and federal projects aect -
Open University of Hong Kong
Distance learning institution in China Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
CALCampus
Developed by a small offline learning institution in New Hampshire; Offerred a completely online school distance-education.org -
Biner
Developed telecourse evaluation questionnaire (TEQ) to evaluate learner perceptions of distance education Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
US Institution Statistics
According to the United States Department of Education, about a quarter of the U.S. institutions that offered distance education courses in the fall of 1995 offered degrees that students could complete by taking distance education courses exclusively, and 7% offered certificates that could be completed that way.
The Journal -
Jones International University
First fully accredited, fully online institution distance-education.org -
Desmond Keegan
Developed a theoretical framework for distance education Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Another Distance Learning Group Emerged
Students already enrolled in regular classes eager to ease their schedules by taking courses online. The Journal -
Period: to
During the 21st Century
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Wikipedia
The online encyclopedia was formally launched by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger, using the concept and technology of a wiki pioneered by Ward Cunningham. Wikipedia -
Number of Distance Education Courses
According to a government study, 127,400 distance education courses were offerred in 2001-2002. Distance Learning: Education for the 21st Century -
Delicious
The first social bookmarking site founded by Joshua Schachter Delicious -
Web 2.0
Term coined by O'Reilly Media referring to a new generation of web applications Simonson, M., Smaldino, S., Albright, M., & Zvacek, S. (2012). Teaching and Learning at a Distance:Foundations of Distance Education, 5th Ed. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. -
Facebook
The social networking site, Facebook, was launched. [Facebook](www.facebook.com) -
Podcast
Term first mentioned by Ben Hammersley in The Guardian newspaper. It is a combination of the words "pod"— from iPod —and "broadcasting". Wikipedia -
Learning on Demand
loan Consortium completed its annual report about online distance learning, “Learning on Demand: Online Education in the United States.”; Found that over 4.6 million students were taking at least one online course during the fall 2008 term. Distance Learning PlanS -
Department of Education Meta-Study
According to the study, students who took all or part of their class online performed better, on average, than those taking the same course through traditional face-to-face instruction. Distance Learning Plan