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Rome's government served as a representative democracy in the form of a republic. Initially, Rome's wealthiest families and the patricians held power and only they could hold political or religious offices. Everyone else was considered plebeian, and no member of this group could hold office.
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The Roman Senate was an institution that arose as a counterweight to the royal institution. The senate of the Roman Kingdom held three principal responsibilities: it functioned as the ultimate repository for the executive power, it served as the king's council, and it functioned as a legislative body in concert with the people of Rome. -
Greek democracy created at Athens was direct, rather than representative: any adult male citizen over the age of 20 could take part, and it was a duty to do so. The officials of the democracy were in part elected by the Assembly and in large part chosen by lottery in a process called sortition.
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Socrates defended the democratic system, even as it condemned him to death. Socrates believed that the best form of government being neither a tyranny nor a democracy. Instead, government worked best when ruled by individuals who had the greatest ability, knowledge and virtue, and possessed a complete understanding of themselves. -
It is a charter of English liberties granted by King John, under threat of civil war and reissued, with different alterations . The Magna Carta provided the foundation for individual rights in Anglo-American jurisprudence.
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The author of the Magna Carta, John, King of England faced a rebellion by many of his barons, who were unhappy with his fiscal policies and his treatment of many of England's most powerful nobles. After a few time discussing both John and the barons agreed to the Magna Carta peace.
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He worked mainly on issues related to government and epistemology. Locke studied medicine at Oxford University, joined the diplomatic corps, which allowed him to reside in France for some time and contact the Cartesians.
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Montesquieu's thought showed us his faithful belief about: tolerance, especially religious. The right to freedom of peoples and their denunciation against the absolutism of a government, whether it was a monarchy or another type of government. He also showed persistence to end the injustice of slavery. -
They are fundamental values that define French society and democratic life in general.
Freedom, or the right to live freely and without oppression or undue restrictions by the authorities, is a fundamental value in a democratic society. So is equality. It is not just about treating each other as equals, but about each person being considered equal before the law. -
Liberty described freedom from oppression, particularly oppression by the state or government. Equality also underpinned the ideas of the French Revolution. The social structure of the Ancien Régime was uneven and unfair, especially with regard to political participation. And, finally, Fraternity suggested that the nation’s citizens were bound together in solidarity. It combined nationalism with love and concern for one’s fellow citizens.
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It can be defined as a method or a set of procedural rules for the constitution of the government and for the formation of political decisions, rather than a specific ideology.
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Locke was an unequivocal supporter of political equality, individual liberty, democracy, and majority rule.In 1690 he published his seminal, where he said that all legitimate government rests upon "the consent of the governed".
We share our opinions with him. One country is too big to have all the power concentrated in a single person or little group of people, so if the powers are separated more people will discuss and agree on the decisions they need to accept.
