EDT 661 - Computer History and Evolution

Atanasoff- Berry Computer

Dec 14, 1941

J.V Atanasoff and Clifford Berry design a computer that can solve 29 equations simultaneously. This becomes the first computer able to store information it the main memory. Image Citation: https://uk.pinterest.com/pin/553309504194150541/

Creation of ENIAC

Period: Dec 24, 1943 to Dec 25, 1944

Two University of Pennsylvania professors, John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert, build the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Calculator (ENIAC). It became known as the grandfather of digital computers, filling a 20-foot by 40-foot room and with 18,000 vacuum tubes. http://andrewchen.co/photos-of-the-women-who-programmed-the-eniac-wrote-the-code-for-apollo-11-and-designed-the-mac/

Computer Langauge

Sep 24, 1952

1953: Grace Hopper develops the first computer language, which eventually becomes known as COBOL. Reference/Image Citation:
http://cecomhistorian.armylive.dodlive.mil/2012/03/28/women-in-communications-electronics-history-grace-hopper/ http://learnaboutgracehopper.weebly.com/biographies.html

FORTRAN

Dec 24, 1954

The FORTRAN programming language is born. For more information please watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4CWobFcPe2M

Protoype - Modern Computer

Oct 18, 1964

Douglas Engelbart shows a prototype of the modern computer, with a mouse and a graphical user interface (GUI). This is the beginning of the evolution of the computer for not only scientists and mathematicians but is now more accessible to the general public. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=douglas+engelbart+prototype&safe=strict&rlz=1CASMAE_enUS655US670&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=655&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjSjaH1s93NAhVn74MKHYcjD2UQ_AUIBigB#imgrc=fxglTJUj9EQ6MM%3A

UNIX

Dec 24, 1969

A group of developers at Bell Labs produce an operating system that is later called UNIX. Written in the C programming language, UNIX was portable across multiple platforms and became the operating system of choice among large companies and government entities. Due to the slow nature of the system, it never quite gained acceptance among home PC users. Image Citation: http://cds.cern.ch/record/916840?ln=hr

Floppy Disc

Dec 24, 1971

Alan Shugart leads a team of IBM engineers who invent the “floppy disk,” allowing data to be shared among computers. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=alan+shugart+floppy+disk&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwie-42rkdHNAhUQz2MKHeoxBiMQ_AUICSgC&biw=1579&bih=834#imgrc=CK90ojDFM0l-gM%3A

Apple I

Apr 1, 1976

Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak start Apple Computers and roll out the Apple I, the first computer with a single-circuit board. Reference: http://apple2history.org/history/ah02/

Lisa - Apple

Jan 19, 1983

Apple’s Lisa is the first personal computer with a GUI. It also features a drop-down menu and icons. Eventually this computer evolves into the Macintosh. The Gavilan SC is the first portable computer with the familiar flip form factor and the first to be marketed as a “laptop.” Image Citation: http://www.oldcomputers.net/lisa.html

Windows 1.0

Nov 10, 1985

Microsoft announces Windows, its response to Apple’s GUI. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=windows+1.+logo&safe=strict&rlz=1CASMAE_enUS655US670&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=655&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwift5P3rN3NAhWix4MKHUm0BN4Q_AUIBigB#imgrc=dkefxEpM8VdTmM%3A

HTML

Dec 24, 1990

Tim Berners-Lee, a researcher at a high-energy physics laboratory in Geneva (CERN), develops Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), giving rise to the World Wide Web.

Wi-Fi

Apr 8, 1999

Wi-Fi becomes part of the computer language and users begin connecting to the Internet without wires. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=html&safe=strict&rlz=1CASMAE_enUS655US670&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjymYahrd3NAhUl64MKHbLJAksQ_AUICCgB&biw=1366&bih=655#safe=strict&tbm=isch&q=wifi&imgrc=3TyhkCJHliPJyM%3A

Mac OS X vs. Microsoft XP

Mar 24, 2001

Apple releases the Mac OS X operating system, which provides protected memory architecture and multi-tasking, among other benefits. Not to be outdone, Microsoft rolls out Windows XP, which has a significantly redesigned GUI. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=html&safe=strict&rlz=1CASMAE_enUS655US670&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjymYahrd3NAhUl64MKHbLJAksQ_AUICCgB&biw=1366&bih=655#safe=strict&tbm=isch&q=Mac+OS+X+vs+Microsoft+XP&imgrc=xYSeg2Pu6MPRKM%3A

iPhone

Jun 29, 2007

The iPhone brings many computer functions to the click of a button via the smartphone.

iPad

Apr 3, 2010

Apple unveils the iPad, changing the way consumers view media and jump starting the tablet computer segment. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=ipad+1&safe=strict&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=655&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjOvZCfsN3NAhUrwYMKHWHxB08Q_AUIBygC

ChromeBook

Jun 15, 2011

Google releases the Chromebook, a laptop that runs the Google Chrome OS. Image Citation: https://www.google.com/search?q=first+chromebook&safe=strict&espv=2&biw=1366&bih=655&site=webhp&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi4nJ7csN3NAhUD0YMKHSG7CbUQ_AUIBygC#imgrc=Pnql0m56o05XnM%3A

References

Jun 30, 2016

Reference: History of Computers: A Brief Timeline. (2015, September 15). Retrieved June 30, 2016, from http://www.livescience.com/20718-computer-history.html