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Columbus lands with the Nina, Pinta, and the Santa Maria.
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Dividing land of the New World between Spain and Portugal
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Vasco da Gama becomes the first man to sail to India from Europe
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Vasco Nunez de Balboa crosses the Ithmus of Panama and "discovers" the Pacific Ocean. He claims all land touching this ocean for Spain
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Hernan Cortes claimed Tenochtitlan for Spain and renamed it Mexico City
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Francisco Pizarro invades the Incas of Peru and defeats them.
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Elizabeth I takes the crown of England and Ireland until her death in 1603
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Sir Francis Drake completes the second circumnavigation of the globe
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Queen Elizabeth watches over the final battle of the Spanish Armada in 1588 after a long battle
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The Irish try to rebel until the English eventually put them down in 1590
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The end of the Anglo Saxon war is made official by the Treaty of London
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Captain Wingfield chose Jamestown, along the James River as the first settlement of the colonists from his ship
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Rolfe cultivates tobacco commercially for the first time in America
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The first African American "slaves" were brought to English America. They were first treated as indentured servants
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North America officially seperates from South Carolina
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Maryland was discovered, which would eventually be used as an escape for Catholics who were not welcome in England.
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This Act insisted the tolerance of all Christians but also granted the death penalty to those who denied Jesus
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The first permanent settlement at Charles Town was established by the English in 1670
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The colonists of South Carolina and many Native Americans fight for about two years
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The last colony of the 13 colonies, Georgia, is established.
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Great Awakening movement begins in Massachusetts. The movement will last ten years and spread to all of the American colonies.
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The first colonial copper coins are made in Connecticut.
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Slave rebellion in South Carolina. It was the largest slave uprising in the British mainland colonies prior to the American Revolution
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War between Great Britain and Spain, led to King George's war in America
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Iron Act instated, limiting the manufacturing of the British colonies
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The American Philosophical Society is found in Philadelphia by Ben Franklin
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French used impressive military power to reclaim their originally owned land in the Ohio Valley
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Restricted the use of paper money by the colonies of New England
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The first general hospital is founded in Philadelphia. This provided medicine and treatment for the ill but did not help those with diseases
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Treaty to negotiate with the local Indians in present day Pittsburgh
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The war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763
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Part of the French and Indian War, the French drove back the British/American attack, inflicting heavy losses.
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War ensued between the sountern colonists and the Cherokee Indians
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Fort Niagra being captured by the English ruined some of the French's communication with the West
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Quebec surrendered to the English
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George III now had control of the colonies
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England declares war on Spain who had been planning to ally itself with France and Austria
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Ended the French and Indian War
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organized Great Britain's new North American empire and
improved relations with Native North Americans -
A tax on sugar imported into the colonies.
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led by the Scots Irish in Philadelphia
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All colonists were required to house and feed soldiers when necessary.
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Sons of Liberty first formed in Boston to protest taxation without representation
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Met in New York City, with representatives from all colonies, to discuss the hopeful repeal of the Stamp Act
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Parliament decided to repeal the Stamp Act since it seemed to be too late to please the colonists by only lessening its tax.
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Series of acts proposed by Charles Townshend that taxed goods and restricted trades
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British redcoats killed five members of a Boston mob.
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Colonists threw barrels of tea into the Boston Harbor when trade officials refused to return the tea to Britain
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Met in Philadelphia in Carpenter's Hall to discuss the Intolerable Acts
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Daniel Boone opens Wilderness Road into Kentucky for the first time
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The first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War in two Massachusetts colonies.
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Met in Philadelphia to discuss the warfare of the Revolution and appoint George Washington as commanding general of the continental army.
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Battle in Massachusetts in which Britain lost about 300 soldiers and suffered over 900 injuries.
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A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine about the Revolution in a language that common people to understand.
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Declaration of Independence signed to report that the colonies now viewed themselves as independent states and did not follow under British rule any longer.
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The Americans under General Gates defeats British General Burgoyne.
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First constitution. An agreement among the 13 founding states that legally established the United States of America
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Combined forces of America and France defeat Britain in one of the last major battles of the Revolutionary War
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Britain recognizes American independence
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Sold the new land to pay off national debt
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Armed uprising of farmers in Massachusetts against the government.
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Urges the United States to stay neutral and keep its permanent alliances.
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This defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution
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Decided slaves should be counted as three fifths a person to the population count
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Unanimously elected by the Electoral College
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James Madison drafted the Bill of Rights and got them passed into the constitution
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Uprising in France eventually led to a war with Britain that the US had to decide to get involved in or not
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He then established his cabinet
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Acts directly aimed to decrease the number of voters for Democratic Republicans. The Alien Act dealt with citizenship and voting rights, and the Sedition Act clearly went against Freedom of Speech
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Vested the judiciary issues of the government in one supreme court
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Created by Hamilton, its charter lasted for 20 years and was located in Philadelphia
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Washington clearly states the nations neutral stance on the war between France and Britain
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John Jay was send to London to negogiate a peace treaty to avoid war
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Pennsylvanian whiskey distillers in 1794 strongly opposed the 1791 excise tax on whiskey
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Spain granted the Americans free navigation of the Mississippi River and the large territory north of Florida.
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Jefferson defeats Adams as president. A flaw in the constitution actually left Jefferson to have to defeat Aaron Burr also.
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Created 16 new federal judge positions and other judicial offices.
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Jefferson passed this to change the laws set by the Alien Act, reduced the previously required 14 years residence to 5 years
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Jefferson closed all trade to British ports
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United States peacefully divided the Oregon territory with Britain
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Spain gave away its rights of Florida to the United States
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The American Colonization Society formed the village of Liberia in Africa to send freed slaves to.
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Vesey abd about 30 other men were hung for their attempted uprising
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Russia gave the United States it's rights to the Oregon Territory
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The American Temperance society was formed in Boston to support a cut in alcohol consumption.
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David Walker's novel that predicted a bloody end to the slavery dispute
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William Lloyd Garrison created his abolitionist newspaper in Boston "The Liberator"
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In 1831 Nat Turner led a rebellion that killed 60 Virginians who were mostly women and children
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Fear of slave uprisings. Beatings and lynching were becoming frequent to prevent this
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Britain emancipated all of the slaves they had in the West Indies, leading to emancipation in America
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George Bancroft began recording historical books of America's past
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Theodore Welds led a group of antislavery preachers on an 18 day debate. "Land Rebels"
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The government ordered all postmasters to destroy any abolitionist material that went through their mail
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Required any anti-slavery appeals to be tabled without debate
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Reverand Elijah Lovejoy's printing press was destroyed four times and he was eventually killed because of his antislavery ideas
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A small number of Canadians started a rebellion, joined by some Americans.
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The first university opened up for women in Ohio
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John Tyler became president after William Henry Harrison's sudden death
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Under the Tyler adminstration, called for more federal revenue
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The Union's plan to cut off the south from importing or exporting
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Lincoln's unready troops went against the Confederates in Manassas.
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McClellan's plot to attack Lee at Richmond.
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Lee destroyed the Union army led by General John Pope at Antietam
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Declared free the salves in those Confederate States still in rebellion. The border States weren’t affected.
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Lee attacked Ambrose Burnside's unprepared troops. The Union army lost nearly 10,000 people
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Lee's right hand man, Stonewall Jackson, is accidentally killed by a Confederate solider after catching the Union in a crossfire.
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Lincoln went to Gettysburg to dedicate the cemetery of those who had fallen. There were 51,000 casualties
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Grant defeats the Confederates' last spots along the Mississippi River
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This batle lasted for three days until George Pickett’s charge broke the back of the Confederate attack
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Steel plated ships that ended the use of wooden ships in warfare.
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They generally were used as cooks or firemen
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Required that 50% of a State’s voters take the oath of allegiance
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Lincoln was renominated with no opposition
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Sherman's troops marched all the way to Georgia destroying all Confederate property in their path.
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Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth in Ford Theatre
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Officially freed all slaves
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The Supreme Court case that ruled that military tribunals could not try civilians in areas where the civil courts were open
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Divided the South into 5 military districts
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Gave slaves civil rights
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Gave slaves the right to vote
