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Uncle Tom's Cabin was an Influential Novel, written by an American and it contributed to the causes of the civil war. The book was written by Harriet Beecher Stowe and was released in 1852 and became a national bestseller. The book is about a slave named Tom that gets beaten to death by his master, Simon because he didn’t tell where two runaway slaves were hiding. This book is significant to the Civil War because it helped “power” the abolitionist movement in the North.
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On April 14, 1856, President Abraham Lincoln was shot and killed by John Wilkes Booth. President Lincoln and his wife, Mary Todd Lincoln was watching a play called Our American Cousin at the Ford Theater in Washington D.C. During a loud comedic part of the show, John Wilkes Booth entered the President's Box and shot him in the head. John Wilkes Booth was later arrested.
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On March 4, 1861, the First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln took place, and Abraham Lincoln became the 16th president. In Washington D.C. the united states capitol.
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Fort Sumter is located in Charleston Harbor South Carolina, It was made to guard Charleston Harbor. Major Anderson was in command of the fort at the time, when the first shots were fired on April 12, 1861, which sparked the Civil War. Major Anderson had his troops evacuate, and no one was hurt during from the attack.
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On April 19, 1861, President Abraham Lincoln, announced that the union would try to stop any supplies from the north to go to the confederates. The union did this by having 500 ships guard from the East Coast to Florida, and the Gulf Coast to Texas. While some ships did get in, 80% of the ships were stopped by the union navy. The Confederates did not have a steady industry at the time and had to rely on cotton to trade with foreign countries such as Great Britain.
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The first battle of Bull Run took place on July 21, 1861. The Union army was inexperienced, but due to the union soldiers having more men they pushed the confederate army back. Colonel Thomas Jackson, held back the Union army on the famous Henry House hill. Colonel Thomas Jackson got the nickname Stonewall Jackson because of how he held the hill until Confederate reinforcements arrived. The union army retreated and the confederates won the battle.
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The first Combined operation of the union army and the navy was the Hatteras Inlet Batteries battle. The union raided the two forts, Fort Clarks and Fort Hatteras, built by the Confederates. In August 1861, the union army bombarded the two forts. The forts had light defenses and could not defend themselves from the heavy fire. The confederates had no choice and had to retreat. The win boosted the union forces, after the loss from the First Battle of the bull run.
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Fort Henry was located on the Tennessee River, and it was made for the Confederate army and their defenses. It guarded the Rich land of Nashville, Tennessee. It had lots of Mineral Deposits and was great for farming. In February 1862 The Union Sent their armies to capture Fort Henry. The union brought 15,000 men and seven ships. While the confederates had 2,500 defenders. The Confederates had to retreat and leave Fort Henry.
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On March 8, 1862, The battle of ironclad also known as the Battle of Monitor and Merrimack occurred. The Merrimack, One of the biggest ships in the Union navy, got captured by the confederates. It entered the battle against the union ships on Hampton roads. The union could not defend itself from the Merrimack. almost all of the union ships fell until they built the Monitor, it clashed with the Merrimack for hours until both sides withdrew. No side won the battle.
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The Battle of Shiloh or also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing was one of the first and major battles to take place in the Western Theater of the civil war, which started from April 6, 1862, to April 7, 1862, in Southwestern Tennessee. the Confederate Army ambushed the Union forces Thus starting the battle. It is claimed to be one of the bloodiest wars, with 23,746 casualties from both sides. With one death being General Albert Johnston a general for the Confederate army.
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On September 17 1862, The union, Launched a series of attacks against the confederate army. Under the command of Major General George McClellan, the union and the confederates under command of General Robert. E. lee fought near Antietam creek near Sharpsburg, Marylands. The early fights lasted until 1:00 pm. There were an estimated 22,717 casualties, the union suffered 12,401 losses. While the confederates suffered 10,316 casualties. In the end the union came out victorious.
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The battle of Fredericksburg took place from December 11th, 1862, to December 15, 1862. The union army of the Potomac was commanded by General Ambrose Burnside. And the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia was led by Robert E. Lee. The union began to build the pontoon bridges while the confederates try to stop them. Eventually, the Union finished the Bridge and entered the city of Fredericksburg. The Confederates ambushed the union, and the union suffered many losses and retreated.
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The battle of Chancellorsville started on April 30th, 1863. General Hooker led his army to trap the confederate army hoping that they to retreat. Instead, Robert E. Lee and his army fought the union splitting off into two groups. Led by General Stonewall Jackson, they kept pressuring the union from the side, while General Robert E. Lee Guided his troops to overpower the Union's bigger army. A few days later the union army retreated on May 7, 1893. And the Confederates won.
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The siege of Vicksburg started on May 18th, 1863, ended on July 4, 1863. The union had gotten the Mississippi river, and turned the civil war to the union's favor. General Ulysses S. Grant led his army for the union into Vicksburg. Grant waited for the confederates to run out of supplies. The conditions in the city got worse, due to people running out of food, people ate anything they could and people became malnourished and sick. On July 4th, 1863, the confederates surrendered to Grant.
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The battle of Gettysburg took place in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The Union commander, George G. Meade lead his troops to battle, against The confederate army. The engagement took place for 3 days from July 1 to July 3rd, 1863. The battle caused 23,000 union troops to be defeated while the Confederate army lost 28,000 men. It was believed to be the most important and turning point in the civil war.
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The battle of Chickamauga occurred from September 18 to September 20, 1863. It ended the Chickamauga campaign and the first major battle in Georgia. It was the second-highest number of losses for the union, and was the most significant defeat, in the western. The union and confederates were fighting over the railroad center of Chattanooga, Tennessee. Eventually, The union pushed the confederates off of Chattanooga. eventually, the union decided to retreat, leaving the confederates to win.
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The Battle of Chattanooga battle on the Chattanooga and the Tennessee River was a very important win for the Union. Chattanooga was challenged due to its vital significance as a crucial railroad intersection for the Confederacy. This fight had around 6,000 Union soldiers and 7,000 Confederate soldiers. The confederates suffered a greater loss than Union, and the north won.
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The battle took place in Petersburg, on July 30th, 1864, after both sides did not want to risk the first attack. The union’s army was made up of some miners and hatched a plan. To dig under the confederate's defenses and rig it with explosives, then exploding it while they attack. After executing the plan, the Union’s army marched into and around the crater, while the confederates counterattacked. The union suffered several casualties, and the Confederates had won the battle.
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The house of representatives approved the 13th amendment abolishing slavery on On January 31, 1865. Since the union kept enslaved instead of returning them to their owners, and slavery died in every area the union won, President Lincoln furnished the Emancipation Proclamation. It died in 1864 after it passed the Senate, but after President Lincoln was reelected, and a new congress was brought together it was passed.
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The battle of Appomattox Court House took place in Appomattox County, Virginia, on the morning of April 9, 1865, The Confederate general Robert E. Lee arrived on April 8th, to secure the South Side Railroad at Appomattox Station where confederate supplies were located. The union burned 3 trains. The confederates fought the union near the town of Appomattox Court House. After fighting for a week, General Robert E. Lee surrendered to General Ulysses S. Grant thus ending the civil war.
