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Confederate War Strategies
Prepare and wait was the basic war strategy. They wanted to be left alone by the North and by president Lincoln.They also had a strategy called war of attrition which involves one side that inflicts continuous losses on they enemy in order to wear down it's strength. Most of the strategies however though that they tried to use against the Union troops failed and pushed the confederates back.
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Strengths of the North
The North had twice as much railroad than the South which made it easier to transport soldiers and supplies. The North also had more factories which were able to produce better guns, ammunition, shoes, and other supplies that the army needed. The North's economy was balanced equally with farming and industries and had more money in their banks than the South. 2/3 of the population lived in the Union states making their armies bigger.
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Union Military Strategies
President Lincoln and General Scott came up with a plan to perform a blockade on the Atlantic Coast and the Gulf of Mexico which shut down the ports of the South so that they couldn't ship anymore cotton to sellers in Europe. Scott also had an plan that would help them take over the Mississippi River and the South would be split in two. If that failed then General Scott was going to be setting a plan to take over the South's capital and sease control from there.
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Strengths of the South
The South had more trained and educated officers because most of the military's colleges were in the South. They were good at maintaining a defense position which helped them from getting beaten. The South was also a strong believer in self-government which made them feel like they were fighting to perserve their way of life.
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First Battle of Bull Run
President Lincoln ordered Gerneral McDowell and his troops to go into battle at Manassas, Virgina. During the beginning of the battle the Union troops were winning until more Confederate troops came in and the Union made a run for Washington D.C. The Confederate troops were too disorganized to caputure any Union troops. The following year there was another bloody battle that was near the same site.
Union troops had more casualites than the Confederate troops.
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Politics in the North
During the Civil War the main political arguements were about slavery. What to do with the African Americans now that they are free in the North? The politics also invovled movements and ideas on how to end the war with as little casualties as possible.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pY4bkCmgJK4
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Politics in the South
The South's conservative political leanings and political power, the South has seen the start of political movements and the region has played a crucial role in Presidential politics as the South provided the winners in the presidential elections. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pY4bkCmgJK4
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The Battle of Shiloh
General Johnson decided to attack Grant's army before there were more troops coming together and making the Union's army bigger. In Tennesse they waited and Grant's men were surpised and pushed back as far as the Tennesse River. Grant and his army struck back the next day and won. Being known for the most bloodiest single battle to have occured so far, there were more casualties than ever including the death of General Johnson.
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African Americans Join the War
As Union forces moved south, they were met by fleeing slaves. Since there was no official policy regarding fugitive slaves, their fate was left to the discretion of individual commanders. The passage of the Confiscation Act of August 6, 1861 provided that any property used in insurrection against the United States was to be taken as contraband, and when that property was slaves, they were to be set free.
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Second Battle of Bull Run
The Second Battle of Bull Run had occured around the same area as the First Battle of Bull Run but only one year apart.
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The Battle of Antietam
The first major battle in the American Civil War to take place on Northern soil. It was the bloodiest single-day battle in American history, with about 23,000 casualties.
After pursuing Confederate General Robert E. Lee into Maryland, Union Army Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan launched attacks against Lee's army, in defensive positions behind Antietam Creek. At dawn Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker's corps mounted a powerful assault on Lee's lelf flank.
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Emancipation and the War
It proclaimed the freedom of 3.1 million of the nation's 4 million slaves, and immediately freed 50,000 of them, with nearly all the rest freed as Union armies advanced. The Proclamation did not compensate the owners; it did not make the ex-slaves, called Freedmen, citizens.
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The Battle of Fredericksburg
Burnside unsuccessful attempt to move South to launch an attack against the Southern Capital at Richmond resulted in overwhelming defeat. This combined with his abortive “Mud March” in January and other failures led to Burnside’s replacement by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker in January 1863.
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The Southern Economy
The South had no factories to produce guns or ammunition, and its railroads were small and not interconnected, meaning that it was hard for the South to move food, weapons and men quickly and over long distances. In addition, though agriculture thrived in the South, planters focused on cash crops like tobacco and cotton and did not produce enough food to feed the southern population.
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The Battle of Chancellorsville
This battle was considered by many historians to be Lee’s greatest victory. At the same time, the South lost one of its greatest strategic minds with the death of Stonewall Jackson.
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Battle of the Wilderness
Both armies suffered heavy casualties, a harbinger of a bloody war of attrition by Grant against Lee's army and, eventually, the Confederate capital, Richmond, Virginia. The battle was tactically inconclusive, as Grant disengaged and continued his offensive.
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The Battle of Spotsylvania
The Union army seized initiative by moving from Wilderness to Spotsylvania Court House. That shift changed the course of the war as the armies began the road to Lee’s surrender at Appomattox Court House.
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The Battle of Cold Harbor
Taking place jsut 8 miles away from the town Richmamd. Genereal Grankt launched two attacks on the Confederates who were behind strond fortifications.
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The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg lasted for 3 long days and is known to be the greatest battle ever fought during the Civil War in North America. General Lee had lost more than 1/3 of his men, which is only the second time that it's happen.
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The Gettysburg Address
A two minute speech done by President Lincoln which reminded the Union states what it is that they are fighting for. Some Americans didn't listen much because it just sounded too sweet and simple when they knew in reality it wasn't.
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The Election of 1864
President Lincoln won his reelection in the president's office against Demorat nomine General Georfe McClellan. Lincoln was worried that McClellan would find more supporters for the election. In Novemeber, Lincoln won 212 out of the possible 233 electoral votes.
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Thirteenth Amendment and The End of War
After Lincoln won his reelection more citizens started to accpt his stand against slavery.
"Neither slave nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crijme whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exsit within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." - Thirteenth Amendment to the Constituion http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T8soqxjaVuc -
Lincoln's Assassination
After most of the Confederate forces surrendered and gave up to the Union, Lincoln didn't live to see the actual end of the war. An actor named John Wikes Booth had plotted to kidnap the president in order to help free the Confederate prisoners of war. after several failure attempts, Booth killed his team of comrades, union officials, General Grant, the Vice President, and President Lincoln. Booth was shot to death shortly afterwards.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K_nB4ZepqMM
