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racial segregation
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who proved that Black men could fly advanced aircraft in combat as well as their white counterparts.
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President Truman The order also established an advisory committee to examine the rules, practices, and procedures of the armed services .
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Jackie Robinson the first black baseball player in major league
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transform the country overnight, and much work remains. But striking down segregation in the nation's public schools
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Rosa Parks, an African American civil rights activist whose refusal to relinquish her seat on a public bus to a white man precipitated the 1955–56 Montgomery bus boycott in Alabama, which is recognized as the spark that ignited the U.S. civil rights movement. ... She finally settles for a spot in the middle of the bus
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The desegregation of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, gained national attention on September 3, 1957, when Governor Orval Faubus mobilized the Arkansas National Guard in an effort to prevent nine African American students from integrating the high school.
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President Eisenhower sent Congress a proposal for civil rights legislation.
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north Carolina, which led to the F. W. Woolworth Company department store chain removing its policy of racial segregation in the
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Freedom Rides, in U.S. history, a series of political protests against segregation by Blacks and whites who rode buses together through the American South in 1961. Freedom Riders preparing to board a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, May 24, 1961. In 1946 the U.S. Supreme Court banned segregation in interstate bus travel
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Not long ago, citizens in some states had to pay a fee to vote in a national election. This fee was called a poll tax. On January 23, 1964, the United States ratified the 24th Amendment to the Constitution, prohibiting any poll tax in elections for federal officials.
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According to historian William Doyle, "It was a sheer miracle that scores, if not hundreds, of Americans were not slaughtered that night." Finally, on October 1, 1962, Meredith became the first African-American student to be enrolled at the University of Mississippi, and attended his first class, in American History.
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On a scorching June day in 1963, James Hood and Vivian Malone became the first two black students to enroll successfully at the University of Alabama, defying Gov.
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MLK gave one of the best speech to make black boys and black girls have freedom .
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mortal shooting of John F. Kennedy, the 35th president of the United States, as he rode in a motorcade in Dallas, Texas, on November 22, 1963. His accused killer was Lee Harvey Oswald, a former U.S. Marine who had embraced Marxism and defected for a time to the Soviet Union. Oswald never stood trial for murder, because, while being transferred after having been taken into custody, he was shot and killed by Jack Ruby, a distraught Dallas nightclub owne
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His martyrdom, ideas, and speeches contributed to the development of Black nationalist ideology and the Black Power movement and helped to popularize the values of autonomy and independence among African Americans in the 1960s and '70s. -
After Jackson died of his wounds just over a week later in Selma, leaders called for a march to the state capital, Montgomery, to bring attention to the injustice of Jackson's death, the ongoing police violence, and the sweeping violations of African Americans' civil rights. -
This act was signed into law on August 6, 1965, by President Lyndon Johnson. It outlawed the discriminatory voting practices adopted in many southern states after the Civil War, including literacy tests as a prerequisite to voting.
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including in the segregated South, had begun the struggle for justice. Emmett Till's murder was a spark in the upsurge of activism and resistance that became known as the Civil Rights movement.
