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Who's Involved: Emmet Tills, Roy Bryant and J. W. Milam
What: case that killed a mother's son
Where it took place: Money, Mississippi
Why: allegedly flirting with a white woman four days earlier. Aftermath: African American Community as well as many others were outraged and spurred into action. Thousands of letters protesting the Mississippi verdict poured into the White House. -
Who's Involved: Rosa Parks What Was It?: social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system. Where: Montgomery, Alabama Why: protest segregated seating. Aftermath: Leaders such as Martin Luther King Jr solidified their positions. A blue-print was drawn for how to fight the system without violence. -
Who's Involved: Dwight D. Eisenhower
What: discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, and national origin.
Where it took place: White House U.S. (1964)
Why: Failure of Reconstruction. Aftermath: The bill divided both major American political parties and engendered a long-term change in the demographics of the support for each. -
Who's Involved: Ezell Blair Jr., David Richmond, Franklin McCain and Joseph McNeil.
What: Protest that started in 1960
Where it took place: Greensboro, North Carolina
Why: Protest racial segregation at lunch counters. Aftermath: The African Americans raised the standards for the expectations people had about them. They now knew that they could stand up for what they believe in and succeed. -
Who's Involved: James Farmer, John Lewis, Genevieve Hughes, Mae Frances Moultrie, Joseph Perkins, Charles Person, Ivor Moore, William E. Harbour, Joan Trumpauer Mullholland, and Ed Blankenheim).
What: Civil rights activists who rode interstate buses into the segregated Southern United States in 1961.
Where it took place: South
Why: Protest segregated bus terminals. Aftermath: Three years after the first Freedom Ride, the U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1964 was passed. -
Who's Involved: MLK
What: Jobs and Freedom
Where it took place: Washington, D.C.
Why: Public expression of dissatisfaction with the status quo was considered necessary. Aftermath: In the months after the March on Washington, ongoing demonstrations and violence continued to pressure political leaders to act. -
Who's Involved: Thomas Edwin Blanton Jr., Herman Frank Cash, Robert Edward Chambliss, and Bobby Frank Cherry
What: Bombing that killed 4 African Kids.
Where it took place: Birmingham, Alabama
Why: Act of terrorism Aftermath: It Remained closed for over eight months, as assessments and, later, repairs were conducted upon the property. Both the church and the bereaved families received an estimated $23,000 in cash donations from members of the public. -
Who's Involved: Chaney, Goodman, and Schwerner
What: Burning a building down and killed 3 African Adults
Where it took place: Neshoba County, Mississippi
Why: Symbolize hardcore resistance to integration. Aftermath: Fifty-two years after three civil rights workers were killed by members of the Ku Klux Klan, authorities have officially closed the “Mississippi Burning” case. -
Who's Involved: Colonel Derek Wilford, General Sir Robert Ford, Brigadier Pat MacLellan, and Captain Mike Jackson
What: Massacre on 30 January 1972 when British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians during a protest.
Where it took place: Bogside area of Derry, Northern Ireland.
Why: Protest the shooting death of activist Jimmie Lee Jackson. Aftermath: Two months after Bloody Sunday, the Stormont parliament which had ruled Northern Ireland since its creation was suspended from London. -
Who's Involved: Memphis Sanitation Workers
What: A strike to respond to the death of Echol Cole and Robert Walker
Where it took place: Memphis, Tennessee, Charles Mason Temple, Clayborn Temple
Why: Racial discrimination faced by black sanitation workers. Aftermath: The sanitation strike was eventually settled, with the city agreeing to a higher wage and other changes including recognition of the union, the American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees.