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1960s and Public Protests

  • Executive Order 8802

    Executive Order 8802

    This was issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It gave all Americans access to government jobs irregardless of their race, creed, color, or national origin.
  • Executive Order 9981

    Executive Order 9981

    This order was issued by President Harry Truman. This executive order ended discrimination in the military.
  • Segregation's Illegal in Public Schools

    Segregation's Illegal in Public Schools

    This was due to the Supreme Court ruling of Brown v. Board of Education.
  • Start of the Vietnam War

    Start of the Vietnam War

    It was the war between the communistic North and the South with the U.S. as an ally.
  • Rosa Parks' arrested

    Rosa Parks' arrested

    Parks' arrest led to anger and support.
  • Period: to

    Montgomery bus system's boycotted

    This boycott was sparked by Rosa Parks' arrest. It was ended after the Supreme Court said it was unconstitutional.
  • Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) was Formed

    Montgomery Improvement Association (MIA) was Formed

    This was led by church leaders including Martin Luther King Jr. It was formed due to Rosa Parks' arrest.
  • Little Rock Nine

    Little Rock Nine

    This was 9 black students' attempt to go to attend the non-segregated public school as ruled by the Supreme Court. They were met with the Arkansas National Guard as ordered by their governor and a mob. There was so much violence that President Dwight D. Eisenhower had to intervene and order federal troops to escort them to and from school. This brought attention to the problem and protests.
  • Civil Rights Act of 1957

    Civil Rights Act of 1957

    This was signed by President Eisenhower. It authorized the federal prosecution of anyone who tried to prevent another person from voting and created voter fraud investigation commission.
  • Students for a Democratic Society is formed

    Students for a Democratic Society is formed

    This was a radical group that wanted to change the government with a social revolution.
  • Greensboro Sit-ins

    Greensboro Sit-ins

    Four college students refused to leave a Woolworth's lunch counter until they were served. Hundreds joined them and some were arrested for trespassing, and there was a boycott of all segregated lunch counters until the four were served. This helped launch peaceful sit-ins, demonstrations, and the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.
  • Cuban Missile Crisis

    Cuban Missile Crisis

    This was when the U.S. and the Soviet Union had a political and military standoff due to the Soviet Union installing nuclear-armed missiles on Cuba.
  • March on Washington

    March on Washington

    This was a peaceful march with the intent of forcing civil rights laws and job equality. This was the march where Martin Luther King Jr. gave his "I have a dream" speech.
  • President John F. Kennedy's Assassinated

    President John F. Kennedy's Assassinated

    He was assassinated in Texas.
  • Civil Rights Act of 1964

    Civil Rights Act of 1964

    It was signed by President Lyndon B. Johnson but it was initiated by President John F. Kennedy before his assassination. The law ensured equal employment, limited use of voter literacy tests, authorized federal authorities to make sure public facilities were unified.
  • Voting Rights Act of 1965

    Voting Rights Act of 1965

    This law banned voter literacy tests and supplied federal examiners in some jurisdictions.
  • Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) began teach-ins

    Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) began teach-ins

    Teach-ins were where they expressed their opinions. They were mainly made up of college students and those part of the hippie movement.
  • Martin Luther King Jr. Publicly Opposes the Vietnam War

    Martin Luther King Jr. Publicly Opposes the Vietnam War

    His opposition to the war was based on his moral values. He also disliked the war because it was diverting federal funds from domestic programs and the unequal amount of African soldiers killed to the total amount.
  • Protest at the Lincoln Memorial

    Protest at the Lincoln Memorial

    100,000 people protested the war at the Lincoln Memorial and 30,000 of them marched to the Pentagon later. They encountered those protecting the building and hundreds were arrested.
  • Martin Luther King Jr.'s Assassinated

    Martin Luther King Jr.'s Assassinated

    This pressured the Johnson administration to create additional civil rights laws.
  • The Fair Housing Act of 1968

    The Fair Housing Act of 1968

    This prevented housing discrimination based on ethnicity, gender, and religion.
  • The U.S. Reestablished the Draft Lottery

    The U.S. Reestablished the Draft Lottery

    This led to a lot of controversy and many guys fled to Canada to avoid the draft. It also caused a lot of tension due to more demonstrations.
  • First Publication of Pentagon Papers

    First Publication of Pentagon Papers

    The papers were about the war's actions, which led to more Americans questioning the responsibility of the U.S. government and military organizations.
  • The U.S. Ends its Involvement in Southeast Asia

    The U.S. Ends its Involvement in Southeast Asia

    Due to strong anti-war support, President Nixon ended the U.S.' involvement in Southeast Asia.