Charles

By CharlesHsu
  • 1492

    Columbus arrival to America

    1492, Italian explorer Columbus completed the voyage between Spain and America. Columbus crossed the Atlantic Ocean and arrive in New land. He first thought he had reached to the India therefore name the Native American "Indians". The importance of Columbus voyages not just discover new land but also proven the earth is round.

  • England's first colony

    1607, an opportunity to make lots of profits for England and due to the high prices in the England, many people moved to the colony to find new opportunities. The colonies were divided into New England, Middle and Southern colonies. The colony caused the Bacon Rebellion and started the slave trade.

  • Bacon Rebellion

    1676, Nathaniel Bacon rebellion. Bacon Rebellion took place in Jamestown, colony of Virginia. Rebellion was triggered when Governor William Berkeley refused to drive Native Americans out of Virginia and by increasing tax to make citizen's life harder. It's important because the rebellion was hold in the early colonization era which after the rebellion, it could inspire other colony to fight for their rights and bring an end to the colony.

  • English Bill of Rights

    After the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary claim the England throne. William and Mary have to accept the English Bill of Rights. This document said the monarchs could not suspend parliament's laws or create their own courts, nor could they impose taxes or raise an army without parliament's consent. The Bill of Rights also guaranteed the freedom of speech within parliament and banned excessive bail and unusual punishment. This helped shape the American Bill of Rights.

  • The Salem Which Trial Hysteria

    1692, The Salem Witch Trial Hysteria. In the 1600s, a large number of England immigrants arrived in New England, they were called Puritans. Puritans fit well with New England and Puritans believed what the Bible said, one subject was the Devil, which 20 people were put to death in Salem, Massachusetts for witchcraft.

  • Limited monarchy

    Originally governor holds all power and control the country or society whatever they want. But limited monarchy restrained the governor instead giving society more freedom which means the people can be open-minded, have their thoughts, and publish their sentiments in magazines or books. The people can express themselves

  • Absolute monarchy

    In an Absolute monarchy, the spirit and life are fulfilled with depression and restraint. No expressions are allowed. Truth and ideas are not valuable because they are prohibited by the authority.

  • Proclamation of 1763

    The chief of the Ottawa people decided to go to war against the British. United several Native Americans, attacked the frontier and burned down towns before they were stopped by the British soldiers.
    British leaders didn't want another war, they knew war will disrupt trade so they decided to limit western settlement until new treats can be negotiated.

  • French and Indian War

    A war between England, colonists, and France, Native Americans. Dispute over the Ohio River Valley for fertile land, Washington surprise attacked the French and started the war. After the war, France lost its colonies, Indian lost the French alliance and Spain took over Louisiana.

  • Stamp Act

    Governor Grenville didn't think the sugar act will cover the expenses. Stamp act is to raise more money, and tax almost all printed materials. It was the first direct tax Britain ever levied on the colonists. Merchants signed the "Nonimportation agreement" not to buy and British goods which affect the British a lot, lawmakers repealed the act in 1766.

  • Boston Massacre

    The Boston Massacre is the British soldiers' one-sided killing of the people. It happened when 30-40 people gathered in King street in front of the commission's house. At first, the guards tried to make them go away but in the end, it turned out with a massacre with a total of five deaths.

  • Coercive(Intolerable) Act

    In 1774, after the Boston tea party, King George III informed that "compression have made matters worse, the time has come for compulsion." Parliament passed down four new laws to punish Massachusetts and colonial challenges to British authority. 1) Close Boston harbor 2) Local officials appointed 3) Transfer soldiers and officials to Britain 4) Required local officials to provide lodging for soldiers.

  • Lexington and Concord battle

    The British government ordered General Gage to arrest the Massachusetts Provincial Congress. The General don't know where the congress was sitting so he seize the militia's supply set at Concord. British had a conflict at Lexington and then moved to Concord where they found most of the military supplies had been moved. A fight broke out, forcing the British to retreat.

  • The Battle of Bunker Hill

    Congress decided to adopt a militia army, named the Continental army. British decided to gain control of the area. Warned in advance, the militia acted first. They dug in Bread's hill near Bunker hill and began building a fort at the top. The battle began, they stopped two British attacks and only retreated after out of ammunition. The battle had given the Americans confidence and showed they could fight the world's feared army.

  • Common Sense(Thomas paine)

    Thomas Paine was English-born American political activist. He is a patriot. He wrote the book Common Sense, " Nothing more than simple facts, plain arguments, and common sense." As to why American colonists should break free from the British authority. He also talked about why would the king has power that isn't chosen by the people, he is giving an idea in favor of democracy and said that it was time to part and have the independence of America.

  • Declaration of Independence

    The provincial and legislatures told their representative at the Continental Congress to vote for independence. A document Jefferson drafted, explaining why it was time to become independent. The colonists had now become the United States of America. The American revolution had begun.

  • Battle of Trenton

    The war began because of the British surprised attack. Instead of coming for Continental Army, the British troops headed toward Philadelphia where Continental Congress was meeting. The British stopped because scarce of food and weather. Washington tried a winter attack, he led 2,400 men across the Delaware river and attacked the British camp at Trenton. They killed or captured 1,000 British. After the victory, he headed to northern New Jersey for winter.

  • The Battle of Saratoga

    General Burgoyne headed toward Albany with the Iroquois army. The Iroquois had allied with the British hoping to keep American settlers off Iroquois lands. At first, Burgoyne's march went smoothly, but the Americans removed all the crops and cut off the British supply. British and Iroquois were ambushed by the militia which made them retreat to Saratoga. Burgoyne surrendered to General Gates and was taken prisoner.

  • Articles of Confederation

    The Articles of Confederation established a very weak central government. The states had spent several years fighting for independence from the British. They want a new system different from the British governor. Congress has the power to declare war, raise armies and sign treaties, but wasn't given the power to impose taxes and denied the power to regulate trade.

  • Charles Town Falls

    Clinton attacked Charles's town, and his forces surrounded the city, trapping the American forces inside. The American surrender. The greatest American defeat in the war.

  • The Battle of Kings Mountain

    Ferguson tried to subdue the people living in the Appalachian Mountains. Militia intercepted Ferguson at King Mountain and destroyed his army. The turning point of souther farmers.

  • The Battle of Yorktown

    Cornwallis marched into Virginia, the British had to secure Virginia. Washington cut off Cornwallis's supplies and prevent him from escaping by the sea. American won.

  • Treaty of Paris

    Britain recognized the United State of America as a new nation, with the Mississippi River as the western border. Britain also gives back Florida to Spain. France received the colonists in Africa and the Caribbean.

  • America revolution end

    British last troop left New York City. The American Revolution was over. The creation of a new nation was about to begin.

  • Shay's Rebellion

    The conflict started when the government of Massachusetts decided to raise taxes instead of issuing paper money to pay off its debt. Heavy taxes fell on the farmers, and those who could not pay might have to lose their farms. Lincoln's troops arrived and ended the rebellion.

  • Constitutions Convention

    Many American leaders know that the new nation won't survive without a strong central government. Those who support a stronger government are known as "nationalists." Every state except Rhode Island sent delegates to what becomes what know as Constitution Convention. Discussing: to balance the rights of the states with the need for a stronger national government.

  • Northwest Ordinance

    The ordinance provided the basis for governing western territory. When the population reached 60,000 the territory could apply to become a state. The ordinance also guarantees certain rights to people who are living in the territory. These included freedom of religion, property rights, and the right to trial by jury. No slavery in the territory, as the United States expanded in the future years, it would be divided between Southern slaveholding states and Northern free states.

  • Streamboats

    From 1787 to the 1830s, steamboats were improved. By the 1830s, steamboats were the convention. They were used as methods of transportation in canals and other navigable waterways. They were used to promote trade.

  • Alien & Sedition Act

    The first three were aimed at aliens, by changing the period for people waiting to become citizens from 5 to 14 years, and the government has the power to imprison any alien deemed dangerous to the nation. The fourth made it illegal to say or print anything.

  • The Whiskey Rebellion

    Congress imposed a tax on the manufacture of whiskey, this enraged the western farmer. The rebellion erupted in western Pennsylvania. Farmers terrorized tax collectors, stopped court proceedings, and robbed the mail. Washington sent troops to crash the rebellion.

  • Imperialism and Nationalism

    Nationalism - the idea that people who share a national identity should have their own country and government. Many were willing to go to war to expand their nation at the expense of others. Imperialism - the idea that a country can increase its power and wealth by controlling other people

  • Economic warfare

    Britain and Napoleon were at war again. At first, the war benefits American merchants. In 1806, Britain declared that all ships going to Europe needed British licenses and would be searched. Napoleon declared whoever obeyed the system would have their goods confiscated. Affecting American merchants, they would lose their goods anyway.

  • The Embargo of 1807

    The attack on the Chesapeake enraged the public, Americans want war but Jefferson instead asked Congress to pass the Embargo Act (Halting all trade between the United States and Europe.) The embargo wound up hurting the U.S. more than France or Britain. American against the embargo.

  • The war hawks

    Those who wanted war came from the south and west. War Hawks believed that the economic pressure failed and the nation's reputation was in danger. They also wanted war because British trade restrictions had hurt Southern and Western farmers. One more reason was that Western farmers blame Britain's clashes with Native Americans along the frontier.

  • Perry's Victory on lake Erie

    Oliver Perry's fleet attacked the British fleet on Lake Erie, and the British surrendered. Perry's victory gave the Americans control of LakeErie, it also enabled General Harrison to recover Detroit and march into Canada.

  • New Orleans

    Andrew Jackson successfully stops the British attack. the battle made Jackson a national hero, it also helped to destroy the Federalist Party.

  • Canals

    Canals are man-made waterways. By building canals, you could connect cities by water and make inland transportation quicker and easier. The Erie Canal was a 363-mile canal connecting Albany on the Hudson River with Buffalo, New York. This led to a growth in agriculture and growth of the national markets, otherwise known as the Market Revolution. The Erie Canal revolutionized transportation and set the path for states to begin building their own canals to promote industrialization.

  • Roads

    Before the industrial revolution, there were very few roads, and even they were in bad condition. Congress authorized the construction of National Roads. the road extended from the Ohio river to Maryland at wheeling. The road not only provide easier and quicker travel, also collected revenue for the states.

  • Election of 1824

    US presidential election was the tenth quadrennial presidential election. No candidate won a majority of the electoral vote. Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams won and split the mid-Atlantic states. "Winner didn't achieve at least a popularity of the national popular vote and the candidate received the most electoral votes didn't win the election."

  • Election of 1828

    It was the 11th quadrennial presidential election. National Republican(John Adam) Vs Democratic party(Andrew Jackson) The election marked the rise of Jackson's Democracy and the transition from the First party system to the Second Party system.

  • Indian removal act

    Congress force the relocation of Creek, Chickasaw, Cherokee, Choctaw, and Seminole tribes to land west of the Mississippi river. Jackson's work is getting his friends and allies to the proper congressional committees. It's important because Indians were treated badly and many were killed or in jail. Indians' culture was shocked.

  • Bank veto

    Andrew Jackson vetoed a bill that would have renewed the corporate for the second Bank of the United States. It was significant because it inserted the president into the legislative process.

  • The Wilmot proviso

    Representative David Wilmot, a democrat from Pennsylvania, proposed the addition of war to appropriation bills. His amendment, known as Wilmot Proviso, proposed that any territory that the United States gained from Mexico "neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall ever exit."

  • The Forty-Niners headed to California

    Gold was discovered in California, and thousands of people headed west hoping to become rich. By the end of 1849, more than enough people moved to Cali, and congress had to decide whether it should become a free or slave state. With Taylor's encouragement, Cali applied as a free state in 1849. Thus, the gold rush forced the nation to confront the divisive issue of slavery.

  • The Compromise of 1850

    Cali was admitted to the union as a free state. Popular sovereignty to determine slavery issue in Utah and New Mexico territory. Texas received 10 million. The slave trade, but not slavery itself, was abolished in the district of Columbia.

  • Northern resistance grow

    Under the Fugitive Slave Act, a person claiming an African American escaped then that person would be brought before a federal commissioner, with no right to testify on their own. The law help catch fugitive.

  • Perry Expedition

    Japan believed that contact with the west would destroy their culture, allowing only the Chinese and Dutch. Matthew C. Perry takes a novel expedition to Japan to negotiate a trade treaty. Japan agree to sign the Treaty of Kanagawa.

  • The battle of Antietam

    The battle marked an important turning point. It was crucial victory for the Union. The victory kept Britain from recognizing the Confederacy as a separate nation. The south lost its best chance at gaining international support. It convinced Lincoln to end slavery in the south.

  • Emancipation Proclamation

    Lincoln announced that he would issue the Emancipation Proclamation- a decree freeing all enslaved people. the Proclamation freed enslaved people only in states at war with the Union. Lincoln couldn't end slavery in the border states nor did he want to rick losing their loyalty

  • The siege of Vicksburg

    Foraging- searching and raiding for food. The march ended by driving the confederate forces back to Vicksburg. Grant decided to put it under siege - to cut off food and supplies. The Union victory had cut the confederate in two.

  • Sherman's March to the sea

    Sherman sent his troops south around Atlanta to cut the railroad leading into the city. "Sherman neckties"- nickname. Sherman ordered his troops to destroy everything at military value. Set fires to destroy structures, he burned crops, houses, and cattle. By 12/21/1864 They reached the coast and seized the city of Savannah.

  • Alaska Purchase

    The purchase of Alaska marked the end of Russian efforts to expand trade and settlements to the Pacific coast of North America and became an important step in the United States rise as a great power in the Asia-Pacific region.

  • Robber barons

    People who loot an industry and give nothing back. The government helped finance rail-road construction by providing land grants, but this system also led to corruption.

  • Edison, Westinghouse, and Electricity

    Thomas Alva's Edison-Invention with the phonograph perfected the electric generator and lightbulb.
    George Westinghouse-Invented air-brake system for railroads.

  • The Great Northern Railroad

    James J. Hill was not Robber Barons. Hill built the Great Northern Railroad, the most successful transcontinental railroad and the only one that wasn't forced into bankruptcy.

  • Annexing Hawaii

    Americans seeking ports could refuel while crossing the pacific Ocean. Pago Pago, in the Samoan islands, had one fine harbor. The US negotiated permission to open a base there. Planters supported being a part of the US, but the president and queen in Hawaii opposed imperialism. Eventually, the US annexed Hawaii.

  • The United States declares war

    Germany ambassador asked Mexico to become ally of Germany in the WW1. Germany promised Mexico would regain its "lost territory in Texas"British intelligence intercepted the Zimmermann telegram. The info was leaked to American newspaper. The US concluded war with Germany was necessary.

  • Zimmermann Telegram

    British cryptographers deciphered a telegram from German Foreign Minister Arthur Zimmermann to the German Minister to Mexico, Heinrich von Eckhardt, offering United States territory to Mexico in return for joining the German cause.

  • Mobilizing the Workforce

    The success of the war effort also required the cooperation of workers. The gov established National War Labor Board, and attempted to mediate labor disputes that might otherwise lead to strikes.

  • Sedition act of 1918

    Under the act, it's illegal to use in speech or written form any language that was disloyal to the government, the Constitution, the military, or the flag; advocate strikes on labor production; promote principles that were in violation of the ac

  • The stock market soars

    The people that swept Hoover into the white house also drove stock prices to new highs. The stock market experiences a long period of rising stock prices or a ball marker. As the market continued to soar, many investors began buying stocks on margin.

  • The Election of 1928

    The Democrats chose Alfred E. Smith, the first Roman Catholic to win a major party's nomination for president. Hoover defeated Smith by more than 6 million votes.

  • The stock market crash

    The ball market lasted only as long as investors continued putting new money into it. The market was running out of new customers. Professional investors sensed danger and began to sell off their holdings. Prices fall.

  • The root of great depression

    Overproduction made more than could be sold. The uneven distribution of income bot everyone could afford the goods. Falling demand, too many goods unsold, production cut back, employees were laid off.

  • Black Tuesday

    The United States stock market crashed, becoming a pivotal factor in the emergence of the Great Depression.

  • Dust Bowl

    Dust Bowl were caused with several reasons such as the lack of rain, over-farming, and not enough shortgrass prairie to keep the ground in place. Enlarged Homestead Act passed in 1902 led farmers to place, ignoring the dust storms coming and kept highly farming caused the Dust Bowl in 1930

  • Civilian Conservation Corps

    Volunteering program. Allowed single men between the ages of 18 and 25 to enlist in work programs to improve America's public lands, forests, and parks.

  • Tuskegee Airmen

    The Tuskegee Airmen were a group of African American military pilots and airmen who fought in World War II. Drive to end racial segregation in the American armed forces.

  • Battle of the Bulge

    The Allies won the Battle of the Bulge, resulting in significantly higher casualties on the German side despite their surprise attack on Allied forces. The largest and bloodiest battle fought by the US marked the last German offense on the Western Front.

  • Containment abroad

    The US would provide political, military , and economic aid to democratic countries. To prevent the expansion of communism. America extended their stragety to Domino theory. The demand for anti-communist . Containment appeared in a speech by winston churchill, which he referred to an Iron curtain that divided Europe into Free west and communist East.

  • National security act of 1947

    In matters of security by creating national security council and establishing CIA to conduct surveillance foreign nations also created the department of the air force.

  • The truman Doctrine

    Britain announced that it would no longer afford the cost of supporting gov military and withdraw from participation in Greek civil war. The US stopped in and announced the Truman Doctrine, which offered support to Greece and Turkey in financial and troops to agianst communist. Eventually, the program expand. THis became a hallmark of US cold war policy

  • The Marshell plan

    After WW2, western Europe got destroyed rly bad and it's in bad shape. It's rebuilding slowly. Communists tool the chance and made inrounds in both Italy and France. This boost the post war of the US and American presence in Europe. The soviet union refused to accept aid from the US.

  • Civil Rights movement

    The African American civil rights movement was during the Gilded Age. One of the key issues at the center of the Civil rights movement was the fight against segregation and discrimination. African American leaders such as Booker T. Washington, W.E.B Du Bois, and Ida B. Wells helped advance the cause of civil rights. Organizations such as NAACP were established to fight for legal and political equality.

  • Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka

    The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed after the Civil War. It says that states must give people “equal protection of the laws.” Racial segregation was still very common even after the 14th Amendment was passed. The Browns sued the Board of Education of Topeka. They argued that the segregated school system did not give Linda Brown equal protection under the laws.

  • Civil Rights Act of 1964

    The law outlawed discrimination based on race, color, national origin, religion or sex. It also authorized the attorney general to bring lawsuits against schools practicing segregation and discouraged job discrimination through the creation of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission

  • The Great Society(Education

    Johnson signed the Elementary and Secondary Education Act. The act committed the federal government to help, for the first time, local school districts whose students come from low-income families. Later in 1965, Johnson launched the Higher Education Act, which meant to open up college to anyone who wanted to attend through scholarships and low-income loans. It also established a national teacher corps.

  • The Great Society(Immigration

    Johnson signed the Immigration Act of 1965, meaning that preference was no longer given to immigrants from some European countries. The law greatly increased the number of immigrants from Asia, Africa, and other parts of the world.

  • My Lai

    soldiers commanded by Captain Ernest Medina were sent to
    destroy the village of My Lai, which was suspected of hiding Viet Cong fighters. A group of unarmed people were killed with rifles, machine guns, and grenades. Houses were set on fire. As the conflict wore on and reports of brutalities increased, the antiwar movement grew in strength.

  • Fire on the Cuyahoga River

    The Cuyahoga River in Ohio becomes so polluted that it catches on fire. The fire helped bringing national attention to water pollution issues, the Cuyahoga River fire was one of the events that led to the creation of the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. Clean Water Act and the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

  • Love Canal

    Love Canal is a neighborhood in Niagara Falls,
    New York, which became toxic chemical waste
    contamination. It became a turning point in the United States' relationship with the environment. It exposed the dangers of industrial pollution and the risks of unregulated dumping of toxic waste. It also highlighted the need for greater government oversight of industrial activity and the importance of protecting public health and the environment.

  • Watergate scandal

    The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's persistent attempts to cover up its involvement in the burglary of the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Washington, D.C., Watergate Office Building.

  • Energy crisis

    Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries banned the export of petroleum(oil) to the United States. This caused a major energy crisis in the US, where the cost of gas rose drastically and gas shortages. the embargo caused a significant effect on the US economy, including loss of jobs and increased unemployment.

  • Three Mile Island

    The Three Mile Island accident was a nuclear disaster in Pennsylvania. There were concerns about the long-term health effects of exposure to radiation. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) was established to
    oversee the nuclear industry and new regulations were put in place to ensure the safety of nuclear reactors. It led to a surge in public support for renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power.

  • Tiananmen square

    Despite the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe, China's communist leaders stay in power. Chinese students and workers help demonstrations for democracy. Troops armed with assault rifles and accompanied by tanks fired at the demonstrators and those trying to block the military's advance into Tiananmen Square.

  • The Persian Gulf War

    The invasion of Kuwait led to a United Nations Security Council embargo, sanctions on Iraq, and a U.S.-led coalition air and ground war. The war helped create an acute humanitarian crisis in Iraq, and the United States struggled to find a way to contain a still recalcitrant Saddam Hussein while alleviating the suffering of innocent Iraqis