chapter 22 By khadijahwaller16 1403 ptolemy support5ed t5he geocent5ric t5heory6 1473 arist5otle explained t5he geocentric t5hory 1473 nicolaus copernicus reasoned the heliocentric theory 1543 andreas vesalius published on the fabric of the human body -detailing dissection of human bodies 1564 galileo was put under house arrest by an inquisition for supporting copernicus theory 1588 Thomas Hobbes published Leviathan – social contract (people give up rights to a strong ruler who maintains order) 1590 zacharias janssen invented the microscope 1596 rene descartes published discourse on method which set forth his reasoning 1600 Mary Astell wrote A Serious Proposal to the Ladies – addressing the lack of educational opportunities for women 1600 The Baroque Period began in art, music, and architecture (Bach and Handel were composers) 1608 evengelista torricelli developed the first memory barometer 1609 johannes kepler published the first two laws of planetary motion 1620 francis bacon published novum organum which encouraged t5he experiment met5hod 1632 John Locke explained his theory of “natural rights” (life, liberty, and property) 1662 robert boyle created boyles law 1668 anton van leeuwenhoek saw red blood cells for the first time 1686 gabriel fahrenheit made the first thermometer to use mercury in glass (32==freezing ) 1687 issac newton published his law of gravity 1694 Francois-Marie Arouet changed his name to Voltaire and goes on to champion individual freedoms 1699 Marie-Thérèse Geoffrin held her first salon of philosophes 1700 The U.S. enacted the Constitution – establishing a federal system, separation of powers, checks and balances 1712 Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote The Social Contract – free individuals create a society and government 1712 The enlightened despot, Frederick II, began his rule of Prussia 1741 The enlightened despot, Joseph II, began his rule of Austria 1742 anders celsiud created a scale for the mercury thermometer (0=freezing ) 1748 Montesquieu published On the Spirit of Laws – detailing separation of powers in government 1751 Denis Diderot published the first volume of the Encyclopedia – a collection of enlightened thinkers works 1759 Emilie du Châtalet (a mathematician and physicist) translated Newton’s work from Latin into French 1764 Cesare Beccaria published On Crimes and Punishments – railing against common abuses of justice 1774 joseph priestly discovered and named gas oxygen 1776 Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence 1778 antoine lavoisier discovered and named gas oxygen 1778 Antoine Lavoisier discovered and named gas oxygen 1791 The U.S. Congress added the Bill of Rights (first 10 amendments) to the Constitution 1792 Mary Wollstonecraft wrote A Vindication of the Rights of Woman – promoting women’s education as virtuous 1796 edward jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent small pot 1800 The Classical Period began in art, music, and architecture (Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven were composers) 1800 The enlightened despot, Catherine the Great, began her rule of Russia 1920 galileo developed the law of t5he pendulum 2009 william harvey showed that the heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throuhout the body
