Chapter 22 By Jayrwhite872 1473 Aristotle explained the geocentric theory 1480 ptolemy supported the geocentric theory 1543 Nicolaus Copernicus reasoned with the heliocentric theory 1543 Andreas vesalius published On the Fabric Of the Human Body 1590 Zacharias janseen invented the microscope 1596 Rene Descartes published Discourse on Method which set forth his reasoning 1600 The Baroque period began in art , music and Architecture 1602 Galileo developed the law of the pendulum 1609 Johannes Kepler published the first 2 laws of planetary motion 1620 Francis bacon published Novum Organum which encouraged the experimental method 1632 John Locke explained his theory of natural rights 1633 Galileo was put under house arrest by an inquisition for supporting Copernicus's theory 1636 William Harvey showed that the heart acted as a pump to circulate blood throughout the body 1647 Evangelista torricelli developed the first mercury barometer 1651 Thomas Hubbes published Leviathan 1662 Robert Boyle created boyle's law 1668 Anton van Leeuwenhoek saw red cells for the first time 1687 Isaac Newton published his law of gravity 1694 Fracois-Marie Arouet changed his name to Voltaire and goes on to champion individual freedoms 1697 Mary Astell wrote A Serious Proposal to the Ladies 1699 Marie-Therese Geoffrin held her first salon of philosophers 1709 Gabriel Fahrenheit made the first thermometer 1710 Anders Celsius created a scale for the mercury thermometer 1729 The Enlightened despot , Catherine the Great , began her rule of Russia 1730 The Classical period began in art , music , and architecture 1740 The enlightened despot , Fredrick II , began his rule of prussia 1748 Montesquieu published On the Spirit of Laws 1749 Emilie du Chatalet translated Newton's work from latin into french 1751 Denis Diderot published the first volume of the Encyclopedia 1762 Jean Jacques Rousseau wrote the Social Contract 1764 Cesare Beccaria published On Crimes and Punishments 1765 The Enlightened despot , Joseph II , began his rule Austria 1768 The U.S enacted the Constitution-- Establishing a federal system , separation of powers , checks and balances 1774 Joseph Priestly discovered Oxygen 1776 Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence 1778 Antoine Lavoisier discovered and named gas Oxygen 1791 Bill of Rights 1792 Mary Wollstonecraft wrote A Vindication of the rights of Woman 1796 Edward jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent small pox
