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There was a great debate over where slavery would be allowed and where it would not. A debate occurred and finally, a compromise was reached. This compromise was effective for a number of years – almost thirty! However, after about 1850, problems began to occur and the compromise was less and less effective.
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California enters as a free state. The slavery issue is decided by popular sovereignty. The compromise ended slave trade in Washington DC, made a strict fugitive law, and settled border problems between New Mexico and Texas
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The law piggybacked The Compromise of 1850. This law required citizens to catch runaway slaves, and would be fined or thrown in jail if they didn't comply.
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This was a novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, an abolitionist/ author. It was written to show the horror of slavery by telling the story of an elderly slave whipped to death. Northerners changed their view of slavery while Southerners didn't agree with it
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act divided Kansas and Nebraska. Slavery was decided by popular sovereignty. This act caused a lot of feud and violence in the Senate. Pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers lead to conflict. Northerners believed this piggybacked the Missouri Compromise
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John Brown and four of his sons, decide to take the law into their own hands due to the violence in Kansas. They ride into a small town and pull five pro-slavery men out of their beds in the middle of the night. The men are murdered. John Brown believes he is doing what “GOD has told him to do”. Many Northerners, while they don’t believe in slavery, are appalled at what he did.
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Dred Scott was a slave and had lived in a free territory with his owner. The owner died and Scott had abolitionist attorneys file a lawsuit for him. He lost in Supreme Court because he was not a citizen but rather property and therefore he could not file a lawsuit. Also, they ruled that Congress could not ban slavery in any of the territories. This repealed the Missouri Compromise. Southerners loved the ruling while Northerners hated it. It meant slavery could spread into all the territories.
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Douglass believed in deciding slavery by popular sovereignty. Lincoln believed that slavery should not be allowed to spread into the territories. Lincoln also believed the Nation could not survive if the fighting continued to rip the Union apart with the slavery issue.
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John Brown led five blacks and thirteen whites into Harper’s Ferry. They planned to raid an arsenal and start a slave revolt. A number of his men died and Brown was arrested by Robert E. Lee. Brown was tried and found guilty of murder and treason. He was later hanged.
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Lincoln ran against Douglass in the Presidential Election of 1860. The Southern states did not like Lincoln or what he believed in. They overwhelmingly supported Douglass yet Lincoln still got elected. Southerners grew very angry and said this showed it did not matter what their opinions were, the North had too much power. Many Southerners talked of SECEDING from the Union.
