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the Greek physician Hippocrates and philosopher Aristotle considered methods to improve dental conditions, including teeth straightening.
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Joachim Lafoulon began using the term orthodontia.
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This classification includes how to describe the degree of crookedness, how teeth are pointing, and the way teeth fit in the mouth. Angle also designed new orthodontic devices, opened the first college of orthodontics, created the American Society of Orthodontia, and published the first orthodontic scholastic journal.
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These included brackets bonded onto the teeth, "self-ligating brackets" (which do not require a wire to go around teeth), appliances to alter jaw growth, and "invisible" lingual braces that are put onto the inside teeth surfaces.