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3.5 million (28.2%) of children between 5-17 did not speak English at home
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The first comprehensive reform since 1965. Increased annual immigration to 700,000. This greatly added to the diversity of the population and languages of schools.
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These updates mandate that school districts require ELL teachers to meet the equivalents standards that non-ELL teachers in the same district meet.
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Declaration on the Rights of Persons Belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities. Rights to all fundamental freedoms, including education, without discrimination.
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Full bilingual proficiency recognized as a lawful educational goal. Provided dual language programs funding to support native English speakers as well as ELLs.
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New provisions reinforce professional development programs, increase attention to language maintenance and foreign language instruction, improve research and evaluation at state and local level, and supply additional funds for immigrant education.
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President Clinton signs IASA into law. It reauthorizes the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) of 1965 and includes reforms for Title I schools by providing increased funding for bilingual and immigrant education, provisions for public charter schools, drop-out prevention, and educational technology.
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Required Bilingual Education and English as a Second Language Programs.
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It is the policy of the state that every student in the state who has a home language other than English and who is identified as an English language learner shall be provided a full opportunity to participate in a bilingual education or English as a Second Language (ESL) program
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It prohibits states from offering higher education benefit based on residency within a state (in-state tuition) to undocumented immigrants unless the benefit is available to any U.S. citizen or national. This law conflicts, however, with practices and laws in several U.S. states.
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Requires that all public school education be conducted in English. 22 other states would adopt this policy over the next couple years. It was not adopted by Texas.
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ESL Standards are developed. The academic goals in these standards is to promote social language use, academic language use, and to use language in culturally appropriate ways.
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The U.S. Department of Education implements The Provision of Equal Education Opportunity to Limited-English Proficient Students.
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Congress approves the controversial No Child Left Behind Act
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President George W. Bush signs NCLB into law. The law, which reauthorizes the ESEA of 1965 and replaces the Bilingual Education Act of 1968, mandates high-stakes student testing, holds schools accountable for student achievement levels, and provides penalties for schools that do not make adequate yearly progress toward meeting the goals of NCLB.
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Adds new sections to the state test. Believed to improve college readiness.
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Introduces the Academic Excellence Indicator System (AEIS) to evaluate bilingual and special language programs effectiveness based on academic excellence indicators and results of statewide assessments. The agency may also combine evaluations with federal accountability measures concerning students of limited English proficiency.
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Training materials and other training resources are to be developed and made available to teachers instructing students of limited English proficiency. These materials and resources are to assist teachers in developing the expertise required to enable students of limited English proficiency to meet state performance expectations.
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The U.S. Department of Education and faith-based community leaders launched an initiative to inform Hispanic, Asian, and other parents of ELLs about the NCLB
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This Bill requires the agency to develop and make available teacher training materials and other teacher training resources to assist teachers of limited English proficient students.
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This bill proposed that English be made the official language of the United States. This is the most recent attempt of many to make English the official US language. If passed, the act would require all functions and proceedings of federal and state government to be conducted in English. Those who apply for citizenship would be required to be fluent and literate in English.
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TEA implemented the TOP and adopted the TELPAS composite rating to determine language proficiency in listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
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Texas adds a new proficiency level - High Advanced - to the three existing proficiency levels (Beginning, Intermediate, and Advanced)
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At this point forty states had bilingual education programs that used the students’ native languages and English, with the rest offering some type of ESL instructional program.
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Language Proficiency Assessment Committee was placed at each school.
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TEA contracted with Education Service Center Region 2 (Corpus Christi) to develop a training-of-trainers workshop.
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The institute informs school district personnel of the federal and state requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and assists them in Status of the Curriculum 113 developing programs and instructional strategies to improve the English language proficiency and academic achievement of English language learners.
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It provides administrators, ESL teachers, and curriculum directors with information on best practices, program design, literacy across the curriculum, and state assessment.
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Texas implements the English Language Proficiency Standards to address the needs of non-English speaking students
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Dr. Morales translates the 2007 Dyslexia Handbook into Spanish. Other languages follow in the coming years.
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Early version of DACA - This bill seeks to grant citizenship to minors who have immigrated to the United States, as long as they have graduated from high school and have lived in the US for at least 5 years. The bill was actually started in 2001, but reintroduced in 2009, then debated in the Senate in 2010.
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The State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness (STAAR) replaced the TAKS test. The mandatory STARR encompassed the same topics for grades 3-11 but was more rigorous and required a 12-course exit assessment. There is a lot of pressure to get English Language Learners STAAR ready.
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President Obama announced that Immigration Services would stop deporting young non-legal residents who met criteria of the DREAM Act.
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Home Language Survey: School districts shall conduct only one home language survey of each student. The home language survey shall be administered to each student new to the school district and to students previously enrolled who were not surveyed in the past.
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Eligible Students with Disabilities: School districts shall implement assessment procedures that differentiate between language proficiency and handicapping conditions and shall establish placement procedures that ensure that placement in a bilingual education or English as a second language program is not refused solely because the student has a disability.
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A dual language immersion program model must address all curriculum requirements specified in Chapter 74, Subchapter A, of this title to include foundation and enrichment areas, English language proficiency standards, and college and career readiness standards.
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The U.S. Senate votes 85-12 to approve the Every Student Succeeds Act. This latest version of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) replaces No Child Left Behind and allows more state control in judging school quality.
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President Obama signs ECSA into law..
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Over 1/3rd of households speak a language other than English. 80% of them speak Spanish. Texas is projected to grow in languages other than English 4x quicker than any other state.
