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Social Darwinism
Social Darwinism is a name given to different circumstance unfolding in the second half of the 19th century, trying to relate biological idea of natural selection and survival of the fittest in human civilization. The term itself came to light in the 1880s. Social Darwinism was the significance of Charles Darwin`s scientific theories of evolution and natural selection to modern social expansion. -
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Tin Pan Alley
Tin Pan Alley is the name given to the assemblage of New York City music publishers and songwriters who ruled the well liked music of the United States in the late 19th century and early 20th century. Tin Pan Alley was established in 1941 by Jack Covais, a 27-year-old violinist who was born in Italy but relocated to Brooklyn with his family while still a youth. Tin Pan Alley was a real alley on East Fourteenth Street near Third (in New York). -
Frances Willard
Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard was an American teacher, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. Her influence was helpful in the passage of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution. Frances Willard encouraged the cause of women and reform as a pioneer instructor and especially as the most noteworthy leader of the nineteenth century movement to end alcohol abuse. -
Williams Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was an American speaker and statesman from Nebraska, and a commanding force in the populist wing of the Democratic Party, standing three times as the Party's nominee for President of the United States. He became a Nebraska congressman in 1890. William Bryan starred at the 1896 Democratic convention with his Cross of Gold speech that preferred free silver, but was beat in his bid to become U.S. president by William McKinley. -
Henry Ford
Henry Ford was an American manufacturer, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and the supporter of the spread of the assembly line system of mass production. While working as an engineer for the Edison Illuminating Company in Detroit, he made his first gasoline-powered horseless carriage, the Quadricycle, in the shed behind his home. Henry was nearly 40 when he started Ford Motor Co. in 1903. -
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The Great Migration
The Great Migration was the relocation of 6 million African-Americans out of the countryside Southern United States to the suburban Northeast, Midwest, and West that took place between 1910 and 1970. During the beginning of the wave most of the migrants moved to big northern cities such as Chicago, Illiniois, Detroit, Michigan, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and New York, New York. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Mosiah Garvey, Jr. was a Jamaican political leader, publisher, reporter, entrepreneur, and speaker who was a supporter of the Pan-Africanism movement, to which end he founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association form a vital connection in black America's centuries-long struggle for freedom, justice, and equality. -
Federal Reserve System
The Federal Reserve System is the central banking system of the United States. It was constructed on December 23, 1913, with the approval of the Federal Reserve Act in reply to a series of financial dread that showed the need for central control of the monetary system if emergencies are to be evaded. -
Eleanor Roosevelt
Anna Eleanor Roosevelt was an American politician, ambassador, and radical. She was the longest-serving First Lady of the U.S., having held the post from March 1933 to April 1945 during her husband President Franklin D. Roosevelt's four terms in office, and served as United States Delegate to the United Nations General Assembly from 1945 to 1952. The wife of President FDR, Eleanor Roosevelt changed the role of the first lady through her vigorous participation in American politics. -
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Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was the name given to the cultural, social, and artistic escalation that took place in Harlem between the end of World War I and the middle of the 1930s. During this period Harlem was a cultural focus, drawing black writers, artists, musicians, photographers, poets, and scholars. During the time, it was known as the "New Negro Movement." -
Jazz Music
The history of Jazz music emergence is connected with the turn of the 20th century New Orleans, although this distinctive, artistic form transpired almost concurrently in other North American areas like Saint Louis, Kansas City and Chicago. The time from the end of the World War I until the beginning of the Great Depression in 1929 is known as the "Jazz Age". Jazz had become popular music in America, although older generations considered the music wicked and threatening to old cultural morals. -
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Prohibition
Prohibition in the United States was a countrywide constitutional outlaw on the making, importation, movement and sale of alcoholic beverages that remained in place from 1920 to 1933. Nationwide Prohibition did not start in the U.S. until January 1920, when the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution went into effect. The 18th amendment was ratified in 1919, and was revoked in December, 1933, with the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment. -
1st Red Scare (1920s)
Soon after the end of World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, the Red Scare took hold in the United States. A countrywide fear of communists, socialists, anarchists, and other dissidents all of a sudden grabbed the American psyche in 1919 following a series of anarchist bombings. The nation was afflicted in terror. -
20th Amendment
The Twentieth Amendment of the United States Constitution changed the beginning and ending of the terms of the president and vice president from March 4 to January 20, and of members of Congress from March 4 to January 3. The 20th Amendment of the Constitution was ratified to lessen the amount of time lame duck Presidents and Congressmen had to push policies before the new administration and legislators took over. -
Warren G. Harding's "Return to Normalcy"
Return to Normalcy, a return to the way of life before the Great War, was United States presidential candidate Warren G. Harding's campaign commitment in the election of 1920. While Harding was serving in the Senate, the Republican party appointed him as their presidential candidate for the election of 1920. Harding's campaign pledged a return to "normalcy," declining the activism of Theodore Roosevelt and the idealism of Woodrow Wilson. -
Tea Pot Dome Scandal
The Teapot Dome Scandal was a bribery disturbance that happened in the United States of America from 1921 to 1922, during the administration of President Warren G. Harding. Even though the Teapot Dome Scandal of the 1920s was named for a Wyoming rock formation resembling a teapot, the offenders were not from the state. -
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Darrow was an American lawyer, leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union, and important supporter for Georgist economic improvement. Clarence Darrow acclaimed himself a patron. -
Scopes Monkey Trial
The Scopes Trial, commonly known as The State of Tennessee v. John Thomas Scopes, was an American legal case in 1925 in which a substitute high school teacher, John Scopes, was charged with violating Tennessee's Butler Act, which had made it illegal to educate human evolution in any state-funded school. The trial was the first to be broadcasted on live radio. -
Langston Hughes
James Mercer Langston Hughes was an American poet, social activist, author, screenwriter, and journalist from Joplin, Missouri. He was one of the earliest innovators of the then-new literary art form called jazz poetry. He was a primary contributor to the Harlem Renaissance. -
Charles A. Lindbergh
Charles Augustus Lindbergh was an American pilot, writer, creator, military officer, traveler, and social activist. The American flyer became well known after making the first single-handed nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean. -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression was the deepest and longest-lasting economic decline in the history of the Western industrialized world. In the U.S., the Great Depression started fight after the stock market crash of October 1929, which sent Wall Street into anxiety and wiped out millions of investors. On September 3, 1929, the Dow Jones was at a high of 381 points, and on October 29, 1929, it had fallen to 41 points after a week of agitation selling. -
Stock Market Crash “Black Tuesday”
The Wall Street Crash of 1929 started on October 24, 1929 ("Black Thursday"), and was the most catastrophic stock market crash in the history of the United States, when taking into thought the full degree and period of its after effects. It was because of this day that the Roaring Twenties came to a stumbling stop and, in its place, was the Great Depression. -
The Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl, also known as the Dirty Thirties, was a period of severe dust storms that seriously harmed the ecology and farming of the U.S. and Canadian prairies during the 1930s; severe drought and a failure to apply dry land farming procedures to stop wind erosion caused the situation. For eight years dust blew on the southern plains. It came in a yellowish-brown haze from the South and in rolling walls of black from the North. -
“Relief, Recovery, Reform”
The Relief, Recovery and Reform programs, known as the 'Three R's', were launched by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression to convey the problems of mass unemployment and the economic disaster. A lot New Deal programs are still operating, with some still active under the original names, including the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC), the Federal Housing Administration (FHA), and the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA). -
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The New Deal
By 1932, one of the bitter years of the Great Depression, at least one-quarter of the American workforce was unemployed. When President Franklin Roosevelt took office in 1933, he acted swiftly to try and stabilize the economy and supply jobs and aid to those who were suffering. -
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federally owned corporation in the United States made by congressional charter on May 18, 1933 to give navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic growth to the Tennessee Valley, a region particularly affected by the Great Depression. President Roosevelt signed the Tennessee Valley Authority Act on May 18, 1933, creating the TVA as a Federal corporation. -
21st Amendment
The Twenty-first Amendment of the United States Constitution abolished the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which had required nationwide Prohibition on alcohol on January 16, 1919. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Company (FDIC)
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation is an independent agency of the federal government accountable for protecting deposits created by individuals and companies in banks and other thrift institutions. The FDIC insures deposits up to $250,000. The FDIC was generated in 1933 in retort to the thousands of bank closures that happened in the 1920s and early 1930s. Since the start of FDIC insurance on January 1, 1934, no depositor has lost a single cent of covered funds as a effect of a failure. -
Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC)
The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is an agency of the United States federal government. It holds main responsibility for imposing the federal securities laws, offering securities rules, and managing the securities industry, the nation's stock and options exchanges, and other activities and organizations, including the electronic securities markets in the United States. -
Social Security Administration (SSA)
The United States Social Security Administration is an independent agency of the United States federal government that directs Social Security, a social insurance program consisting of retirement, disability, and survivors' advantages. -
Dorothea Lange
Dorothea Lange was an American documentary photographer and photojournalist, best known for her Depression-era work for the Farm Security Administration. She has been called America's greatest documentary photographer. During World War II, Dorothea Lange documented the change on the home-front, especially among ethnic groups and workers uprooted by the war. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
FDR was an American national leader and political chief who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945. Faced with the Great Depression and World War II, Franklin D. Roosevelt, nicknamed “FDR,” directed America through its most substantial national disaster, with the exception of the Civil War, and its greatest foreign calamity.
