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Franz-Ferdinand's Birth
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Period: to
Gallipoli & Assassination of Franz Ferdinand
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Bogdan Zerajic
Bogdan Žerajić attempted to kill the iron-fisted Governor of Bosnia and Herzegovina, general Marijan Varešanin. Žerajić was a 22-year-old Orthodox Serb from Nevesinje, Herzegovina, who made frequent trips to Belgrade. -
Assassination of Franz-Ferdinand
Franz Ferdinand, aged 51, was heir to the Austro-Hungarian empire. He was married to Sophie Chotek von Chotvoka and had three children. Franz Ferdinand was, however, very unpopular because he had made it clear that once he became Emperor he would make changes. -
Begining of WW1
The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand was considered an immediate cause of World War 1 -
Turkey & Germany Treaty
Turkey (Ottoman Empire) signed a secret treaty with Germany (German Empire) against Russia (Russian Empire). -
Declaring War
British Empire and Dominions declared war on the German Empire and its allies. -
Chief of the British Imperial General plan
The First Lord of the British Admiralty, Winston Churchill, asked the Chief of the British Imperial General Staff to draw up a plan ‘for the seizure of the Gallipoli Peninsula by means of a Greek army of adequate strength, with a view to admitting a British fleet to the Sea of Marmara’. The Greeks produced a detailed plan for the capture of Gallipoli which would involve approximately 60,000 troops. Churchill felt that Turkey was unlikely to remain neutral between Britain and Germany and that the -
Threat From Turkey
Of the threat from Turkey, Winston Churchill wrote:
The price to be paid in taking Gallipoli would no doubt be heavy, but there would be no more war with Turkey. A good army of 50,000 men and sea power – that is the end of the Turkish menace. -
Turkey refuses
Turkey refused to close the Dardanelles to foreign ships despite strong German pressure to do so. -
9th of September 1914
The British withdrew their naval mission from Turkey. -
A british naval force
A British naval force at the entrance to the Dardanelles ordered a Turkish torpedo-boat to turn back. The Turks then closed the straits, laid mines, switched off the lighthouses and put up warning signs along the cliffs. -
28th October
A Turkish fleet bombarded the Russian Black Sea ports of Odessa, Sebastapol and Feodosia. -
British Warships
British warships, on orders from London, opened fire on Turkish forts guarding the entrance to the Dardanelles at Sedd-el-Bahr (Gallipoli Peninsula) and Kum Kale (Asiatic coast of Turkey). The magazine in Sed-el-Bahr exploded, destroying all the heavy guns in the area. -
Imprisonment Of Gavrilo
Gavrilo Princip (age 19) was sentenced to twenty years of hard labor. He escaped the death penalty because he was under the age of 21. Instead he was sentenced to 20 years in prison. He was held in harsh conditions which were worsened by the war. -
Lieutenant Norman Holbrook VC and the Messudiye
the B11 commanded by Lieutenant Norman Holbrook sank the Turkish battleship, Mesudiye, off Çanakkale in the Narrows. -
Submarines at Gallipoil
At 2:30am the men of the Anzac Corps approached the west coast of Gallipoli in the ships of the invasion fleet, the Australian submarine AE2 entered the Dardanelles to disrupt Turkish sea communication.
