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Native America, European exploration, Colonization
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First settlement in the New world, forts were built to protect from caribbean, Mexico, and South America.
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Don Jaun De Onate explored todays New Mexico and western areas of the new world. He discovered Pueblo people and was the first to tell native their land could be claimed.
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Jamestown was the first successful English Colony in the future U.S, settled in Virginia.
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The first slaves brought to Virginia by the Dutch, this made the switch from Indentured servants to slaves. This also helped begin large scale plantations and was eventually added to Virginia Law in the 1640s.
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The first Settlement created in Massachusetts by seperatists who sought to create a religiously pure society.
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Marked the start of public schools in the colonies and started to give more to the less wealthy.
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Natives attacking back country, so back country natives under Bacons lead burn't Jamestown, and the government realized they must aid the country too.
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A religious revival based heavily on emotion that travelled through the colonies, which undermined traditional authority of New England. Leaders include
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The French and Indian War began in the colonies when French Settlers encroached on land claimed by the British.
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The British started paying attention to the colonies again once they were finished with wars, using the colonies for profit.
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The act by King George III delcared that the colonists could not move west of the Appalachian Mountains.
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American Revolution, Confederal Era, and the Early Federal Period.
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Declared the colonies could not print currency and that all taxes had to be paid in specie.
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Colonists surrounded soliders in Boston Square and shots from soliders errupted, killing 5 people.
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A tax on Tea that was collected by the British and protested heavily by the colonists, most notibly in the Boston Tea Party.
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Delegates from colonies met to address the acts put on them by Britain and to create an embargo against them
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Delegates from each colony meet again in Philadelphia to address the issues with Britain. They delcare George Washington in charge or army and authorize invasion of Canada.
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Congress began to say they had the right to fight but parliament refused, this led initiated the start of the Revolutionary war.
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The Articles of Confederation were the first ratified form of federal legislation, it gave the federal government low power, and was full of issues and problems for the country.
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George Washington closed in on Corn Wallace and the British surrendered, marking the end of the war.
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A farmer from Massachusetts names Daniel Shay led a small revolt against the Articles, this even helped contribute to revision of the Articles.
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Ratified at the Constitutional convention to replace the Articles. The constitution gave the federal government more power, but also equal state rights.
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The Bill of Rights was added by anti-federalists and it was put into place to protect Americans rights, because it was felt to not be as protected in constitution.
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The US declared proclamation once France called war on Britain, the US just wanted to trade and remain nuetral with both sides.
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Forced British soliders to leave the Northern forts and the US agreed to pay all debts to Britain.
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westward Exspansion, Solidarity, and beginning of reforms.
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Thomas Jefferson purchased the teritory of Louisiana from France. This purchase helps start westward exspansion but tested Jeffersons power in office.
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Passed by Thomas Jefferson and cut off american trade to create more isolationism, this led Jefferson to loose credibility.
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The war had begun due to Britiain violating nuetraility agreements, impressment, and orders that all European trade goes through Britain. Macons Bill #2 also helped contribute, by blocking trade with Britain and opening with France.
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A gathering of Federalists meeting to try to limit congresses ability to start war, create embargos, and admit states, but helped lead to end of federalists party.
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Reopened trade between US and Britain/terrotories following the War of 1812.
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Led to an increase of national pride and different issues with Florida and territory.
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Henry Clay created protective Tariff and also the second bank of US which favored the wealthy and industry, which made the south upset.
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US bought Florida for 5 Million dollar, Spain gave up Oregon Claim, amd the Louisiana boundary was clearly defined.
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Began due to overspeculationn of westward migration and people not being able to afford land they were buying. Land law of 1820 was created after to delcare no buying land on credit.
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Initiated when Missouri requested statehood. It was decided that Missouri comes in as slave state and Maine becomes free, which created the 36'30 degree line.
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Guides foreign policy through 1800s, called for no new European colonialization in the west, US stays out of Europes Business, and puts US on world stepping stage.
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War, Reform Movements, and Build up to Civil War
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Andrew Jackson won election with 178 electoral votes. Jackson really began the vouch for the common man and gained popularity.
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(1790s-1850s) Began in upstate New York and talked about ideas of Unitarianism and utopian societies. This went with the idea of the common man, emotional experiences, the arts , and different religious uprisings.
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A decision made by Jackson that moved Native Americans west of the Mississippi over 2,000 miles, and many died.
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This tariff passed by congress to create a tax on all foreign goods to raise sale sof US products and to help protect manufacturers in the north.
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Georgia was trying to impose on Native American land and it was looked at as unconstitutional. This concluded that the federal/state governments could not impose on Native land.
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Implemented by the government to let the military be able to enforce federal laws.
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This case addressed the fugitive slave law and said that Northern officials don't have to comply with the law.
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This case was about Labor Unions and if they should be legal; the final desicion was that they are legal.
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Slavery, Civil War, and Nativism
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The US gained the southern part of Oregon and annexed Texas with fear over whether it would become a slave state.
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War began at early attempts to purchase California and New Mexico by Polk from Mexico, but they refused. Once over US purchased California and part of New Mexico.
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Proposed no slavery in the land gained from Mexico, this ended up not getting passed by congress but it showed a changing views in congress to regulate slavery.
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California and New Mexico said they want to be free states and southern states hold a convention saying they'll suceed if they enter as free.
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Suggestion that US should try to buy Cuba again, and that if Spain wouldn't sell then they should try to take it over.
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Part of southern Arizona and south western New Mexico were purchased from Mexico by the Treaty of Mesilla.
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The two states begin to argue over on whether the states will become a slave state or not and people were flooding into Kansas to vote and pro slavery won.
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Dredd Scott was a slave living in a free statte and the question was if he was still free or not. The supreme court decided that he was still enslaved and had to return home to him owner, the south saw this as a huge win.
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Panic that really only hit the Northern Industrialization and led the south to thinking their economy is better.
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Lincoln won the election and this election also ended up dividing the south into factions.
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South Carolina began the south leaving the union, South Carolina was soon followed by Georgia, Alabama, Florida, and most slave states.
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War division between the North and South, the souths campaign supported slavery and felt neglected from the rest of the country as opposed to the northern states.
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Declared that the federal government could not suspend due process and that there must be a trial with every charge.
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Was passed in 1863 and delcared that slaves were free from states in rebellion and they were free to join and fight for the union army.
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Created a national US currency in attempt to make the states more united.
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The end of the Civil war began Reconstruction which consisted of having to readmit states back into the union, economy changes, constitutional, and political facotrs.
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Era of Good Stealings, Immigration, and Labor Unions
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Imperialism, WWI, Progressivism, and Reconstruction
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This extended the Freedmans Bereau, readmit south to union, and passed acts to give african-americans their rights and freedoms.
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Gave African Americans the equal protection under the law following the Civil War.
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Was the result of many redicals being put into congress and required that south be treated like they lost the war, 5 military districts put into the south, and african- americans began voting, getting educatrf, and even running for office.
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Congress declared that in 4 years that they will exchange greenbacks for gold.
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Declared Hayes as president, ended military reconstruction, south gets federal money to rebuild, democratic party gets a cabinet seat, and to understand that the south won peace.
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One of the first large scale strikes, this was conducted by the railroad worked and was very violent; this ended with a little more safety precations and awareness for railroad workers.
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US citizens bagan getting worried about Chonese workers taking their jobs, president Hayes began the act.
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This was created with the goals of upholding work standards and protecting the safety and health of workers.
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One of the early unions created and it consisted or skilled and unskilled workers.
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In Chicago protestors holding a ralley and shots from inside the facotry killed workers. The police arrived and and fought protestors, linking unions with violence.
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The Dawes Act reorganized Indian Territory, in an attempt to help out the natives and view them more as people than tribes.
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This act was the first government iniative to regulate Railroad trade and travel.
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This was created with the intention to make monopolies illegal, but it actually ended up fighting labor unions.
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The War began over Spains colonial control in Cuba and Peurto Rico, which resulted in the US stepping out as a major colonial power.
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A movement from the late 1800s-early 1900s that started to improve the lives of average americans and resulted in social welfare legislation, regulating big business, and formation of professional organizations.
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Coal miners went on strike and sent to federal government. Teddy Roosevelt ended up siding with the minors and that was the first time the federal government helped workers.
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An extension of the Monroe Doctrine that stated the US could intervine in Latin American business and the US became a police power in Latin America.
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Teddy Roosevelt elected and ran on a "square deal" idea, and when put in office Roosevelt broke apart monopolies, helping strikers, strengthening commerce commision, and environmental changes.
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This was created by Teddy Roosevelt to insure people were eating safe things and food labels must be accurate.
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Made it legal for ICC to regulate telephone and telegraph services.
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This act was set to regulate banking and it also regulated the amount of money in ciculation and set an interest.
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Strengthened the Sherman- Antitrust Act by making unions exempt from prosectution and breaking up monopolies.
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This act raised the size of the US army and was a result of naval reconstruction.
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Germany sunk a US ship without warning and US created an ultimatum which stated no targeting of passenger ships, no attacking unarmed cargo ships, and they must give time for crew to get off of ship.
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US was struggling to remain nuetral along with Germany not abiding with agreements. Once US joined congress instituted a draft.
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Germany sent telegraph to Mexico encourging Mexico to attack the US and promised Mexico the land that they lost from the Mexican- American War.
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Global outbreak that was enhanced by WWI. The outbreak caused millions of deaths in the US and hurt the economy.
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Limited war workers days to 8 hours along with unions promising not to strike.
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Great Depression, Red Scare, and Immigration Limits
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Gave women the right to vote and helped diminish the "Cult of domesticity".
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Prohibetted sale of alcohol and led to speakeasys and organized crime.
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Government used 1890 census and set quota of 2% and even more limited for Russians and Eastern Europeans.
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A Tennesse teacher taught the theory of evolution and it was taken to trial, and it was found unconstitutional and the teacher was found guilty.
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First large stock market crash due to everyone trying to sell stock at once and overspeculation, this was one of the causes of the Great Depression.
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Provides pensions for retired workers along with compensation for unemployed and disabled veterans.
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An effort to regain peoples trust in banks. FDR closed banks for 3 days and inspected to decide if they would become successful or not.
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The Civilian Conservation Core that employed young men and did conservation work all over the country, this created jobs and money in the economy.
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Speech made by FDR that encourged sanctions against Japan, and led to US freezing Japaneese assets and placed an embargo in 1941.
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This replaced the NRA and raised minimum wage, lowered weekly hours, and helped restrict child labor.
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The government initiated draft, eventually leading to 15 million soliders overall from the US.
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The president can lend defense supplies to any country fighting on the same side as the US.
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Attack by Japan on US naval base in Hawaii, the Japaneese sank many ships on the base and that led to a unanamous vote to go to war.
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Allies met on coast of France and averted German soliders. France was eventually liberated soon after.
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Last meeting with FDR and the highest Allie powers discussed post war plans. War ended 3 monthes later.