ANTIGUITY IN ROMA

jubileu1300

1830 BCE

As with Gregorius VII in the eleventh century, Pope Boniface VIII (1294-1303) wanted to elevate the spiritual power of the pope over the temporal power of the monarchs; in this line of affirmation of the papal power, the 1300 Boniface VIII summoned a jubilee year when the centenary of the birth of Christ took place; this was the first of the celebrations of retired years by the Catholic Church and started a tradition that is still maintained. With the Jubilee of 1300.

CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE

1800 BCE

The relationship between Rome and the pontiffs and the Carolingian dynasty began around the middle of the 8th century when Pipino the Brief requested from Pope Stephen II the approval of the overthrow of the earlier dynasty, the Merovingians. In 754 Pope Stephen went to Gaul and consecrated king to Pipino by anointing the holy oil. In turn, Pipino backed the Papacy when the Pontiff asked for help against the ominous pressure of the Lombards against Rome.

THE FALL OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC

1670 BCE

In gaining dominance of the Mediterranean, most economic activities - commercial, industrial and mining - were appropriated by wealthy Roman traders from the equestrian class, who developed intense monetary capitalism and Slave.
Imperial Roman Pax consolidated the great Mediterranean trade with intercontinental ramifications, importing and exporting products that reached India and China. Rome became the world's first shopping center.

ROMAN JUSTICE

640 BCE

L'Emperador tenia atribucions judicials, juntament amb els pretors i els seus llegats, i en les ciutats confederades els magistrats locals, quan els havia, o si no n'hi havia als governadors provincials (que tenien atribuït impartir justícia) o els seus llegats. Els pretors instruïen el procés i un jutge jurat (Iudex) decidia. Els magistrats definien el punt del drets (ius) però la seva aplicació (judicium) corresponia a altres ciutadans (jutges integrats en la decurias judicials).

THE ROMAN EMPIRE

600 BCE

Amb la derrota dels seus enemics, August va prendre el poder absolut, conservant només una imatge de la forma republicana de govern. El seu successor designat, Tiberi, va prendre el poder sense guerra ni sang, establint una dinastia que acabaria amb la mort de Neró el 68 dC. L'expansió territorial de l'imperi va continuar, l'estat es va afermar, malgrat la perspectiva que el poble tenia dels emperadors com a corruptes.

THE MONARCHY

500 BCE

La ciutat de Roma va créixer dels assentaments a la vora del riu Tíber, un encreuament de tràfic i comerç. D'acord amb l'evidència arqueològica la vila de Roma va ser fundada probablement durant el segle IX aC per dos membres de les tribus centrals italianes: els llatins i els sabins. Durant aquest període, Roma va ser governada per una successió de set reis que exercien un poder gairebé absolut malgrat l'existència de les assemblees romanes i el Senat.

THE ANCIENT ROME

400 BCE

Ancient Rome was the civilization that emerged from the city-state of Rome, from the 9th century BC. Initially a monarchy, it became a republic, and finally an empire that ended up controlling most of the Mediterranean and Western Europe. Rome was a Pan-Mediterranean empire, more than European and never managed to settle firmly beyond the Rhine and the Danube. [1] The Roman empire decayed and the western part disintegrated into a series of independent kingdoms during the 5th century.

THE ROMAN EMPIRE

250 BCE

The Empire was the third stage of the development of Ancient Rome and in which the main political institution of the State was the Imperial Monarchy, formed by the emperor, his ministers, councilors and provincial governors. The evolution of Imperial Monarchy in Rome It has also been called this stage High Empire. At this stage the emperors maintained the fiction of the existence of the Republic, leaving some institutions such as the Senate, the Comicios and the consuls to function.

the foundation of Rome

200

The classical tradition expresses that the city was founded in 753 a. C. on the banks of the Tiber River by legendary sons of Rea Silvia and the god Mars; These two male children were abandoned on the banks of the Tiber River, where they were abducted by a she-wolf named Luperca (loba capitolina, symbol of Rome) and then bred by pastors who took them as their own children. In the same place where they were breastfed by the she-wolf, they founded a city.

THE REPUBLIC IN ROMA

550

The Roman Republic was established in 509 BC, establishing a system of elected magistrates annually. The most important were the two consuls, which exercised the executive authority called imperium and the military command. However, the consuls had to contend with the Senate, originally a council of the nobility (the patricians), which would grow in size and power over time. Originally only the patricians could be magistrates but later the entrance of the common people .

FALL OF THE ROME EMPIRE

600

The Fall of the Roman Empire is the process of decadence that led to the fragmentation of the Roman Empire of the West in 476. Towards the fourth century, Rome continued to dominate an extensive empire, which had the Mediterranean Sea as its axis. The Roman civilization extended from the Rhine and the Danube to the Sahara, from the West of Hispania to Mesopotamia.

germanique roman empire

1806

When Berenguer d'Ivrea, proclaimed king of Italy, invaded the northern territories of the Pontifical States, Pope John XII asked for help to the king of Germany Otto, who was crowned emperor in Rome by the pope on February 2, 962; ten days later, Otto I and John XII ratified the Ottonianum Diploma, by which the emperor became the guarantor of the independence of the Pontifical States; Then Otó left Rome and recovered for the Pope the pontifical territories occupied by Berenguer d'Ivrea