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Cyrus the Great from Persia attacks Babylon and manages to conquer the empire. His men lowered a river so they could walk through it. Once they got there, there was no fight. All he had to do was get into town.
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Chaldeans fight against new Assyria with the help of Medes. They capture Ninevah and Babylonia again gains power, starting New Babylonia.
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In 746 there was a rebellion in a royal residence. When this happened Tiglath Pileser 111 took the throne. As king, Tiglath Pileser 111 greatly increased Assyria's empire. The empire then stretched from past the Euphrates river to the Western part of the Zagros mountains.
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Hammurabi was a great leader of Babylonia. Although he did many things, he is best known for the Code of Hammurabi. There were 282 laws in the code of Hammurabi. An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth represent the ideas of the first laws written down.
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Shamshi-Adad ruled from 1813-1781 BC. He conquered several city states. He was a strong ruler. He kept his army organized. Assyria was a very strong fighting force.
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By about 920 BC the Phoenicians created the alphabet. This made writing even simpler by having things stay the same in different words instead of the symbol for most words not to have a pattern.
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Nebuchadnezzer was a Babylonian king. He was best known for the hanging gardens of Babylonia which is one of the 7 Wonders of the World. Under Nebuchadnezzers rule Babylon became the most powerful city-state in the area.
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Around 2275 BC the Gutians from the Zagros Mountains attacked and Akkad's empire is destroyed.
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Sargon of Akkad overthrew the king of Uruk, he then conquered Kish. After that has created Akkad, the capitol of the Akkadian empire. Then over time he conquered Sumer and created his empire.
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Cuneiform developed more, it became simpler over time. By 2500 pictographs had changed and they started to use cuneiform. Cuneiform changed over time to become simpler.
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By 2700 BC city started to transfer from the priests controlling everything to forming kingship. Religion was still a big part of the government. Kings started as the military commanders to take control during a war. Over time they started to do more things eventually forming kingship. Religion was still a big part of the government.
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By 3000 BC there were at least 12 major city-states in sumer. They were Kish, Uruk, Ur, Sippar, Akshak, Larak, Nippur, Adab, Umma, Lagash, Bad-Tabira, and Larsa. These are similar to the main city-states though there were other city-states.
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The first system of writing in Sumer was pictographs that represented different things for trade. Over time some of these symbols changed to make it simpler.
