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He created the number for the circumference of Earth in Egypt. This is important because he is the one who measured how big the earth is.
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He listed 48 constellations and created the earth centered view of the universe. This is important because his theory stood for more than 1500 years unchallenged.
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Nicolaus Copernicus publishes De revolutionibus orbium coelestium which is his theory that Earth travels around the Sun, this is important because this is what actually happens in our universe.
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Tycho Brache observes a giant supernova that is beyond earths atmosphere. This is important because it was the first reported supernova ever observed by humans
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In this work he creates the 3 laws of planetary motion. This is important because his work is still used in how Earth moves.
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Newton creates his 3 laws of motion which are still used today. These are important because they are used for everything such as Astrophysics and even NASA uses them.
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With the help of his Marcel Grossman, Einstein publishes his theory on Relativity. This is important because this helped with the discovery of Astrophycis.