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Proclamation of 1763
The Proclamation Act prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains in an attempt to make peace with the Indians. The colonists objected and violated the act because they wanted to expand westward because they feared they would be overpopulated. -
The Sugar Act of 1764
The Sugar Act cut the duty on foreign molasses, retained a high duty on foreign refined sugar, and prohibited the importation of all foreign rum to make up the debt from the 7 years war. The colonists got made since they needed molasses for rum. -
Currency Act of 1764
Parliament assumed control of the colonial currency system. The act prohibited the issue of any new bills and the reissue of existing currency. Parliament favored a hard currency system based on the pound sterling abolished the colonial bills. The colonies protested against this. The colonies had an unfavorable balance of trade with Great Britain to begin with and argued that the shortage of hard capital would worsen the situation. -
The Stamp Act of 1765
It imposed a tax on all papers and official documents in American colonies since Parliament reasoned the American colonies needed to offset the sums necessary for their maintenance. The colonists were angered by it and acted to opposed it because the colonists weren't represented in Parliament. -
The Quartering Act of 1765
It made colonial government to provide housing, feeding, and supplying of British troops so the government wouldn't have to pay because they were in debt. The colonists fought with British soldiers since the colonists thought it took away their rights. -
Declaratory Act of 1766
The act stated Parliament authority could make laws binding the American colonies and that Parliament authority was the same in British as in America since they didn't want to surrender any control over the colonies. The colonies saw that they ability to tax the colonies without giving them representation in Parliament was disgraceful. -
The Townshend Tevenue Act of 1767
It imposed a levy on a number of goods imported to American colonies to raise revenue from colonists by tax ion external trade. Colonists protest and boycott goods since they saw this as an abuse of power and they didn't have a say in parliament. -
Boston Massacre
White was teasing with several colonists, but hit one of them on the head. Colonists gathered on King Street when they heard fire. Six privates joined as White called for the soldiers when the colonists started to taunt him. Montgomery fired his musket when he fell, causing someone to shout fire. More shots rang out, causing five people to die. -
The Tea Act of 1773
The Tea act taxed the colonies to pay the tea tax and made it illegal to buy non-British tea to offer a financial bailout to the East-India company. This infuriated the colonists since they would have to pay a lot of tax for tea and they had to buy British tea. -
Boston Tea Party
Colonists got extremely mad when the British only allowed the East India Company to sell tea to British and its colonies and made the tea price extremely expensive. The Townshend Revenue Act made the colonists more mad when they raised the price on all sorts of things. So the Sons of Liberty dressed up as Native Americans and emptied 342 chests of tea from the Dartmouth and two other ships into the sea. -
The Intolerable Acts 1774
The Intolerable Acts were 4 cruel acts designed to punish the colonists and assert dominance. Boston Port Act - Closed down Boston Port for everything except food and water. Massachusetts Government Act- Revoked Massachusetts charter. Quartering Act - Allowed British soldiers to live in colonists quarters. Administration of Justice Act - Ensured fair trial for British officials with capital offenses while quelling protests. -
Lexington & Concord
700 British soldiers were sent to Concord to confiscate gunpowder & weapons. 70 patriots waited for the British on Lexington Green & wanted their anger to be know. However, the remaining patriots immediately scattered after 18 casualties. People found out and warned Patriots of the British. Minute men and militias went to confront the British & the British escape after 300 casualties. Americans gain confidence and courage and the American Revolution has started. -
The Battle of Bunker Hill(Breed's Hill)
In June 13, 1775, Boston learns that Gage sent troops to fortify the unoccupied hills to gain control of Boston's harbor. Prescott & his 1000 troops take & fortify Bunker Hill,(Breed's hill). General Howe & 2000 soldiers go to the militia & send a combustible shell on Charlestown. The colonists beat the British twice, but get beat the 3rd time. Gage is replaced with General Howe & the colonists have trapped the British in Boston. -
Declaration of Independence
The Declaration of Independence was written by the 2nd Continental Congress. It was written during the American Revolution and explained why the 13 colonies regarded themselves as independent and no longer subjects of the king and Great Britain. It states the following beliefs the colonists hold such as certain inalienable rights. -
Battle of Trenton
Continental Army started its charge on the city. It was the Hessians and British against the colonists and lasted for 10 years. The Americans won and became better and united. They were also in control of New Jersey again. -
Battle of Saratoga
The Battle of Saratoga consisted of two battles, but the colonists ultimately prevailed over the British with the help of the French. This resulted in higher morale from the colonists and motivated more people to join the battle in Albany. -
Valley Forge
The Battle of Valley Forge was near Philadelphia where British troops were located. Over 2000 Americans died from disease and malnutrition. However, the Americans won with the help of General George Washington. -
Battle of Yorktown
General Washington finds out that British General Charles Cornwallis is going to Yorktown for its good harbor and reinforcements. Washington and 16,000 men go to Yorktown. At the end, Cornwallis tries to escape but there is a storm. This ends the Revolutionary War and a new nation is born. -
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Abolitionism
Abolitionism was a political and social movement with the goal of abolishing slavery in the South. Abolitionists, who were people against slavery, published newspapers and books, organized lectures and rallies in public, and aided slaves escape to freedom. Abolitionism is connected to nationalism because abolitionists argued that slavery was against the nation's ideals and slowed down its progress, as it stated in the Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal." -
Treaty of Paris
John Jay, John Adams, Henry Lawrence, Thomas Jefferson, and Benjamin Franklin to settle the Treaty of Paris. The Treaty of Paris established American independence, dealt with fishing rights, and forbid British to carry slaves. The Treaty of Paris was negotiated on the Mississippi River. The Treat of Paris made peace between England and the US. -
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Westward Expansion
Westward Expansion was the journey of moving west to the newly purchased Louisiana Territory which began in the 1810s. Westward expansion created conflict in the U.S. over slavery because the U.S. didn’t know how to decide which states should be free and which states should be slave states in the newly bought L.A. territory, so it connects to sectionalism -
3/5 Compromise
The 3/5 Compromise stated that 3 out of every 5 slaves was counted when determining a state's total population for legislative representation and taxation. This helped out the South get more representatives but it didn't help the North because they didn't have slaves. This connects to sectionalism because it only helped and mainly focused on the South, plus it angered the North and fueled the tensions felt between the North and the South. -
Whiskey Rebellion
To pay off the Revolutionary War debt, an excise tax on domestic and imported spirits was passed. In western Pennsylvania, the citizens started to protest and violence broke out against tax collectors. Congress revised the excise tax and allowed for monthly payment of the taxes. However, it wasn't enough. At the end, Washington used military force to suppress the rebellion. -
States Rights(Amendment 10)
Amendment 10 states that the Federal government only has powers stated in the Constitution, while the ones not states in the government are given to the states. This connects to sectionalism because each state only focus on themselves. -
XYZ Affair
France began attacking American ships. President Adams sent 3 Americans to negotiate peace. The French foreign minister refused to meet them and send 3 representatives known as X, Y, and Z. They demanded money to speak with the minister. The American representatives were insulted. When people found out they wanted to go to war with France. -
Alien and Sedition Acts
American citizens were worried about European immigrant who might side with the French, so Congress passes the Alien and Sedition Acts. The Alien Act gave the president the power to imprison or deport anyone considered "dangerous" who was not a U.S. citizen. The Sedition Act stated it was a crime to speak, or publish any false and malicious criticism of the gov't. -
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
Anti-Feds thought the A and S Acts were an abuse of power. The Resolutions argued the Acts were unconstitutional because they interfered with the Constitutional rights granted to the states. Kentucky insisted states could nullify laws they found unconstitutional. Even though the resolutions didn't change the law, Congress let the Acts end after Adam's term of presidency ended. -
Embargo Act
Br and Fr were blockading U.S. trade with other European nations. T.J. & Congress respond by E.A. - prohibits U.S. ships from leaving to any foreign destination. Aim was to hurt Fr and Br economies. E.A. was ineffective. Repealed in 1809. -
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Underground Railroad
The Underground Railroad was a network of secret routes and safe houses used by slaves to escape. To help the slaves escape, abolitionists established a network of stations slaves could stay in. This connects to sectionalism because it spoke out against the South by helping slaves escape to the North. -
War of 1812
Br & Fr attacking U.S., steals their soldiers & ships. U.S. citizens debate if they should go to war or not. 1. A & S Acts 2. Embargo Act Nothing works.If they go to war, will help Napoleon & the Fr. At the end, they go to war. Ends up in a draw. -
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Frederick Douglass
Frederick Douglass was a slave but escaped to the North in 1838. Frederick Douglass advocated to terminate slavery and spoke out against racism and sexism. Frederick Douglass also wrote "Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave" (1845), which was a bestseller. Frederick Douglass connects to sectionalism because he spoke out against the South and the evils of slavery. -
McCulloch v Maryland
Maryland passed a law that required all banks created outside of the state to pay a large tax. Jame McCulloch didn't pay the tax, and was sued. However, he appealed the decision until it reached the Supreme Court. McCulloch believed in implied powers. Maryland believed in expressed powers. In an unanimous decision, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of McCulloch. -
Compromise of 1820
The Compromise of 1820 admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state so the balance between free states and slave states wouldn't be disrupted. It also made states north of the 36 30' latitude line free states and state south of the 36 30' latitude line slave states. This connects to nationalism because it was an attempt to ease tensions between the North and the South. -
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Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman was an abolitionist who escaped in 1849 and was a prominent conductor in the Underground Railroad, which was a secret network that helped slaves escape from the South to the North. Harriet Tubman connects to sectionalism because she helped hundreds of slaves escape and was committed to the cause of abolitionism. -
Monroe Doctrine
Monroe Doctrine - statement issued by Pr James Monroe.
European powers tried to colonize in some Latin American countries who separated from Spain
M.D. declared Western Hemisphere was no longer open to European colonization; any attempt would be viewed as a hostile act. U.S. will not interfere with European countries. -
Compromise of 1850
The Compromise of 1850 was an attempt to make the South and North happy by creating a truce on the issue of slavery, stating that California is a free state, Texas receives 10 million dollars, ending the border dispute with New Mexico, D.C. Slave Trade is banned, the Fugitive Slave Law is passed, and New Mexico and Utah can decide to allow slavery by popular sovereignty. This connects to sectionalism because it was controversial in the North, who viewed the Slave Act against their principles. -
Fugitive Slave Law
The Fugitive Slave Law was a part of the Compromise of 1850 which tried to ease tensions between the South and the North. The Law stated that citizens had to capture runaway slaves and return them. This connects to sectionalism because it only helped the South and angered the North because they viewed the Slave Law against U.S. principles. -
Emancipation Proclamation
Ordered by President Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, the Emancipation Proclamation states that all slaves "are, and henceforward shall be free". This connects to nationalism because it reflected U.S. principles of liberty, freedom, equality, and justice by freeing all slaves.