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Claver ministered to slaves physically and spiritually when they arrived in Cartegena, Colombia, converting an estimated 300,000 blacks.
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Mother Bethel became one of the first African-American churches in the United States and the mother church of the African Methodist Episcopal denomination.
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Richard Allen brought together other black Methodist congregations from the region to organize the new African Methodist Episcopal Church denomination.
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James Forten becomes vice-president of the biracial American Anti-Slavery Society, founded in 1833, and worked for national abolition of slavery, and for black education and temperance.
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The movement to abolish slavery across the United States, which faced opposition by the Confederate States of America.
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Still assissted fugitive slaves and kept records of their lives, to help families reunite after slavery was abolished. After the Civil War, he wrote an account of the underground system and the experiences of many refugee slaves, called The Underground Railroad Records, which was published in 1872.
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In 1852, the Managers opened the first Institute for Colored Youth building at 716–718 Lombard Street in Philadelphia.
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Dred Scott case, was a landmark decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in which the Court held that "a negro, whose ancestors were imported into [the U.S.], and sold as slaves". The case was first argued on February 11, 1856.
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A decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford declared that blacks were not citizens of the United States and could not sue.
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The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, adopted in 1870, stipulates: "The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." Basically allowing Black Suffrage.
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Catto was shot and killed in election day violence in Philadelphia, where ethnic Irish of the Democratic Party, which was anti-Reconstruction and had opposed black suffrage, attacked black men to prevent their voting for Republican candidates.
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He was the first African American to earn a doctorate. Du Bois was one of the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.
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Billie Holiday was born on April 7, 1915. She had a vital influence on jazz music and pop singing, especially among African-Americans. Throughout the 1930s and 1940s, Holiday achieved mainstream national success with labels such as Columbia Records and Decca Records.
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Armstrong was regarded as a important influence on mainstream music in general. Armstrong was one of the first African-American entertainers to "cross over". His artistry and personality allowed him access to the upper echelons of American society, which was rare for black men of his time.
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Anderson performed an open-air concert on April 9, 1939, on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. She sang before a crowd of more than 75,000 people and a radio audience in the millions. She became the first black person to perform at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City on January 7, 1955.
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The CORE played an important role for African Americans in the Civil Rights Movement. CORE was one of the "Big Four" civil rights organizations, along with the SCLC, the SNCC, and the NAACP.
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A decision in Plessy v. Ferguson affirmed the legality of "separate but equal" facilities.
