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Third President
Thomas Jefferson, a spokesman for democracy, was an American Founding Father, the principal author of the Declaration of Independence. As president, he was inaugurated in Washington DC, a city that he helped plan. -
Forth President
James Madison accepted the presidency, which allowed him to make a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing The Federalist Papers. This crowned him the title, "Father of the Constitution." -
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The War of 1812
The War of 1812 was fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of US rights. It ended with the exchange of ratifications of the Treaty of Ghent after roughly 15,000 Americans died as a result. Roughly 8,600 British and Canadian soldiers died from battle or disease. -
The 1860 United States Election Favored Abraham Lincoln
The 1860 United States presidential election was the 19th quadrennial presidential election. In a four-way contest, the Republican Party ticket of Abraham Lincoln and Hannibal Hamlin won. This allowed Lincoln to attempt to appease the states that had left the union to rejoin. However, his attempt in the first inaugural address failed. Thus, the Civil war still happened. -
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The American Civil War
The American Civil War was fought between northern states loyal to the Union and southern states that had seceded to form the Confederate States of America. In the end, the Union won with far more weaponry and military. However, the Confederates put up a fight, as they triumphed in the Battle of Cold Harbor as well as The First Battle of Bull Run along with eight other victories. The battle of Gettysburg, the turning point of the Civil war, was a crushing defeat for the Confederacy. -
The First Battle of Bull Run
The First Battle of Bull Run cost about 3,000 Union casualties, compared to the 1,750 for the Confederates. The South tasted sweet victory in the first major battle of the Civil War. -
The Battle of Shiloh
The Civil War's Battle of Shiloh ended with a Union victory over Confederate forces in Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee. The two-day conflict was at that point the bloodiest battle in American history, with more than 23,000 dead and wounded. -
The Emancipation Proclamation
President Abraham Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation as the nation approached its third year of civil war. The proclamation declared "that all persons held as slaves" within the rebellious states "are, and henceforward shall be free." -
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The Battle of Gettysburg
The Battle of Gettysburg involved the largest number of casualties of the entire war and is often described as the war's turning point. In fact, Union casualties in this battle numbered 23,000, while the Confederates had lost about 28,000 men, which was more than a third of Lee's army. -
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Battle of cold harbor
The Battle of Cold Harbor was a disastrous defeat for the Union Army during the American Civil War that caused about 18,000 casualties. General Ulysses S Grant continued his relentless drive toward the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, which eventually opened the possibility of him claiming the presidency. -
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Sherman's March to the Sea
Union General William T. Sherman led some 60,000 soldiers on a 285-mile march from Atlanta to Savannah, Georgia. However, the Confederates won this battle. Robert E. Lee was dug in at the top of a hill called Marye's Heights, where he defended against 14 Union assaults. The screams of wounded Union soldiers were heard from the base of the heights, but the soldiers were unable to help their fallen comrades. -
The Battle of Appomattox
The Battle of Appomattox Court House was fought near the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia, and led to Confederate General Robert E. Lee's surrender of his Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. At that point, Lee only had less than 10,000 soldiers left. -
Ulysses S. Grant Becomes President
Ulysses S. Grant, an American soldier, served as the 18th president. Before his presidency, Grant led the Union Army as Commanding General of the United States Army to win the American Civil War.