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Spain afraid of alliance between Great Britain and the US
Spain barred the US from the lower part of the Mississippi River and the Port of New Orleans
US needed Mississippi River to transport goods -
Lands in Hispaniola thinks he is India
-
Conquistadores -"Conquerors"
claimed new colonies for Spain -
claimed new colonies for Spain
-
Assisted Pizzaro with the conquest of the Inca
-
They settled in America but was still under the rule in the name of the crown
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Conquered the Native Americans and established New Spain.
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"The Lost Colony" John white sailed back and returned 3 years later with no trace of the colony.
Also Vagina Dare was the 1st baby born in America to English parents. -
Roanoke – 1st attempt at English settlement – “The Lost Colony”
-
1st successful English settlement
-
All decision made by Monarch
Every certain groups allowed on new territory/ French protestants weren't -
New France – along the St. Lawrence River and the Great Lakes.
Quebec,Montreal – Canada
Detroit (Michigan), New Orleans (Louisiana) -
Still had to follow the rules of the mother country
-
New Amsterdam – Hudson River
New York City, Albany, Long Island, New Jersey. -
Believed in religious freedom
Banished from Massachusetts
left and established providence in Rhode Island the land he bought from the Natives -
Held private prayer meetings
banished from colony
moved to Rhode island -
she held private meetings in the colony and after banished, she moved to rhode
-
Pequot Indians in Connecticut resisted white settlement
-
Required colonist to sell only certain goods to England but pay a tax to sell to any other countries.
-
Involved the Wampanog Indians in the Plymouth colony
Indians were defeated -
Involved the Wampanoag Indians in the Plymouth Colony
-
fighting over land
British won
British became most powerful country -
In 1754 the French built Fort Duquesne at the point where the Ohio River forms (modern day Pittsburgh).
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British could search housing whenever they wanted.
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Forbade colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains and put the territory under British military control.
-
Pay tax on sugar
-
"no taxation with representation"
taking paper -
British killed 5, and wound 6
-
A clash between British troops and townspeople in Boston in 1770.
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Closed Boston Harbor
colonist could not export or import goods. -
Helped decide who was going to own North America
-
On April 18, 1775, British General Thomas Gage sent 700 soldiers to destroy guns and ammunition the colonists had stored in the town of Concord, just outside of Boston.
-
July 4, 1776
Purpose: Listed all of the colonists grievances against the Crown; explained why they were declaring independence -
End of the American Revolution
Americans won -
congress sold tracts of lands
Divided the Ohio territory -
created guidelines for admission as states in the US
-
Land Ordinance of 1785
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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1787 – Delegates met to revise the Articles of Confederation but decided to create a new constitution
-
1st president
-
No details for a court system in the Constitution
Federal law remained the “Supreme Law of the Land” -
Cotton gin- 1793 - cleaned the seeds out of cotton
Sped up the cleaning of seeds
Revolutionized the cotton crop
Demand for cotton from Great Britain for textile manufacturing -
British began stopping US ships bound for France and impressing seamen (taking US sailors captive and forcing them to serve the British)
Intended to hurt the French, but hurt US trade
Jay’s Treaty -
John Adams president
-
Introduced with muskets in 1798
Henry Ford - Assembly Line
Parts of one musket could be used as parts for another musket
Basis for industrial development in the US -
Meeting between United States and France over the Quasi-Wars - conflict in the Caribbean over shipping and trade
Hostility between US and France following the XYZ Affair -
Jefferson chosen as 3rd president
-
Religious Reform
-
British impressments of US sailors continued, in spite of Jay’s Treaty
British blockading US ships bound for France
US did not want to get involved with problems between Britain and France
President Jefferson declared an embargo(no trade) with Britain and France
Jefferson’s alternative to war -
Launched the first successful steamboat service in 1807
Steamboats decreased travel time - made trips shorter -
Causes:
British military aid to Native Americans on the frontier
British impressments of American sailors - Jay’s Treaty
Embargo Act - Jefferson’s alternative to war
War Hawks - Pushed for war with Great Britain -
James Maddison reelected
-
5th president
-
US faced widespread economic problems
Foreclosures
Bank failures
Unemployment
Slump in agriculture and manufacturing -
1820 - The extension of slavery into new
territories divides the North and South -
conflict over state’s rights -
James Monroe reelected
-
Doctrine issued by President Monroe
Stated the US would not tolerate European
intervention in the affairs of any independent
nation in the Americas -
John Quincy Adams v. Andrew Jackson -
both were Democratic Republicans
Neither candidate received a majority of
electoral votes in the Electoral College
The House of Representatives decided the election -
Opened in 1825
Increase in trade, decrease in shipping rates and shipping time -
1828 - Protective tariff designed to protect
northern manufacturing from competition
from cheaper British imports -
Andrew Jackson elected president
-
1830 - Congress passed the Indian Removal
Act - authorized the removal of Native
Americans from the SE United States -
Virginia
Led by a slave - Nat Turner - rebellion was a
failure
1831 - Caused the south to strengthen slave
codes (laws restricting activities and conduct
of slaves) -
Jackson won re-election
Portrayed the national banks as
institutions for the wealthy, rich, and
powerful - “pet banks” -
1832 - SC threatened to secede if the tariffs
were not repealed -
The Cherokee appealed to the US
Supreme Court
Court ruled that the Cherokee had a right
to remain on their land and could not be
forcibly removed -
National Republicans changed their name to
the Whig Party in 1833 -
Increased productivity
1834
Made harvesting wheat easier -
President Jackson ignored the court’s
decision
Troops sent to round up Cherokee and move
them to Oklahoma
800 mile march in 1835
Over a quarter of the Cherokee died from
disease, starvation, and weather exposure -
Martin Van Buren elected
-
1837
Allowed farmers to plow and grow crops in areas out west that’s land was too dry or hard -
William Henry Harrison elected
-
Completed in 1841
Stretched 800 miles west
By 1840, a network of roads connected most of the cities and towns in the US -
Telegraph - device that sends messages using electricity through wires-Instant communication
Communication is revolutionized-whole different way of sending msgs -
Election of 1844
Won due to Whig opponent Henry Clay’s avoidance of the issue of annexation of Texas and Oregon -
President Polk approached Britain proclaiming “”54-40, or fight!” - claimed US had rightful claims to Oregon territory - 1844
-
1846-1848
Mexico upset over US annexation of Texas
Polk sent troops to Texas border to settle US-Mexico border dispute and to negotiate the purchase of California and New Mexico -
1846 - Proposed banning slavery from any land purchased from Mexico
Upset the Southern states
Not approved -
1848 - Mexico gave up New Mexico and California territories to the United States in exchange for payment
-
California enters the union as a free state due to the Compromise of 1850
Gold was discovered in California in 1848
People rushed to California to “get rich quick” - they became known as “49’ers”
Huge population increase -
With the acquisition of the Mexican territory, the extension of slavery once again becomes an issue
Henry Clay offers a compromise to maintain balance between the free and slave states -
Franklin Pierce (Democrat) elected president over Winfield Scott (Whig) and John P. Hale (Free-Soil)
-
Gave the United States parts of New Mexico and Arizona for $10 million from Mexico
-
1862 - Anyone who would agree to cultivate 160 acres of land for 5 years would receive title to that land from the federal government
-
Distributed millions of acres of western territory to state governments 1862 - States used money from sale of land to finance agricultural colleges
-
Ulysses S. Grant elected in 1868
-
Ulysses S. Grant (Republican) reelected president over Horace Greeley (Democratic)
-
Grant’s administration surrounded by corruption (Whiskey Ring, Credit Mobilier)
Samuel Tilden (Democrat) v. Rutherford B. Hayes (Republican) -
Hayes elected as President
Republicans agreed to end Reconstruction in the South