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The printing press was a huge invation that enable the copies of books and was invented by Johannes Gutenberg. In 1454 Gutenberg put his press in comercial use.
Video: https://www.britannica.com/video/171689/history-printing-press-work-discussion-Johannes-Gutenberg -
Da Vinci was specialised in a lot of things, he was a paintor, architect, anatomist,... He is famous for several things such as The Gioconda, the idea of the helicopter,... He is considered as the man of the arts and sciences.
Inventions of Leonardo Da Vinci: https://www.historyhit.com/leonardo-da-vincis-most-important-inventions/
Photo: https://t0.gstatic.com/licensed-image?q=tbn:ANd9GcT3aSb4ttWw4r6FAX9SCkYE4H3KNPV58ajFu9gdo-5tNczb7cnJ2gRs_J2Da3Kc9-yC -
This marked the ending of the Middle Ages and the beggining of the Modern History. This was the ending as well of the Bizantine Empire by the invasion of the Ottoman Empire.
Web explaining it in detail: https://www.worldhistory.org/article/1180/1453-the-fall-of-constantinople/ -
Isabel I de Castilla and Fernando II de Aragón from the Trastámara dinasty reigned Hispania. They faced the war of succesion among other events.
Video explaining it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g88lO1SLYJ0
Photo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Ferdinand_of_Aragon%2C_Isabella_of_Castile.jpg/1200px-Ferdinand_of_Aragon%2C_Isabella_of_Castile.jpg -
He was an scupltor, paintor, architect and a poetician who scuplted sculptures suh as "David" and painted paintings such as "The creation of Adan".
Top 10 of his works: https://news.artnet.com/opinion/michelangelos-10-most-popular-works-ranked-1144943
Photo: https://external-preview.redd.it/WUDyWdEyVQM1vfjzWVA1QFDgHJH2F1Nk9e7k8MI9tuI.jpg?auto=webp&s=b5f612315de06b340c099a766a8169f0836175dd -
Christopher Columbus wanted to go to the Indies for spicies by going the oposite way, surrounding the globe. He finally made it to land, not to the Indies but to America. Video about it: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHlfzBNnhqI -
This treaty was made by the Catholic Kings and king Juan II of Portugal and it claimed to divide the new world (America) between them, which made Brazil.
Web of UNESCO talking about it: https://en.unesco.org/memoryoftheworld/registry/613 -
Juana I or also known as Juana la Loca was the next person in charge of the Catholic Kings domain with her hausband Felipe el Hemoso who was from the Habsburg Dinasty
Web talking about her: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joan-queen-of-Castile-and-Aragon
Photo: https://www.buscabiografias.com/img/people/Juana_la_Loca.jpg -
He was a theologian and a french filosopher who is considered as one of the authors of the Protestant Reformation.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ivVAcg5pyI&t=20s
Photo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/John_Calvin_Museum_Catharijneconvent_RMCC_s84_cropped.png/220px-John_Calvin_Museum_Catharijneconvent_RMCC_s84_cropped.png -
Also known as Carlos I of Spain, he ruled after Juana I. In 1530 he became emperor of the Holy Roman Empire. He finally died in 1558 but gave his crown to Felipe II before dying
Web talking about him: https://issuu.com/thalasocracia/docs/the_reign_of_carlos_v_b03085c2b9e028
Photo: https://cdn.britannica.com/15/181215-050-228321E4/Charles-V-hunting-dog-wood-oil-Jakob.jpg?w=400&h=300&c=crop -
Martin Luther vigorously objected to the corrupt practice of selling indulgences by writting the "95 theses". It was committed to the idea that salvation could be only reached by faith and divine grace.
95 theses: https://www.luther.de/en/95thesen.html -
It was passed the Act of Supremacy which defined the right of Henry VIII to be supreme head on earth of the Church of England. This act was done mainly for the need of a male heir in the throne of England.
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RpJe85zLnVA -
It was a Catholic council held to address challenges by Protestant Reformation. It gave 25 sesions from 1545 to 1563.
9 things you should know about it: https://www.thegospelcoalition.org/article/9-things-you-should-know-about-the-council-of-trent/
Photo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Tridentinum.jpg/1200px-Tridentinum.jpg -
During this period the Spanish Empire were having its best moment, but they lost the attempted invasion to England. Later Felipe II would give his reign to Felipe III.
Web: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-II-king-of-Spain-and-Portugal
Photo: https://www.armadainvencible.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Felipe-II.jpg -
Continuing the Habsburg Dinasty, Felipe III was known by the expulsion of the Moriscos and his peaceful and succesful forgein policy.
Web: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-III-king-of-Spain-and-Portugal
Photo: https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.timetoast.com/public/uploads/photo/9158071/image/a57b4df1e06ef4c85298706152210b27 -
Velazquez, one of the best known paintors, was famous for several paintings such as "Las Meninas" and more works.
Timeline of works: https://www.theartstory.org/artist/velazquez-diego/
Photo: https://www.biografiasyvidas.com/monografia/velazquez/fotos/velazquez_auto_1645.jpg -
Succeeding his father, he was king of Spain during the decline of it as a great world power. Later he would have a son, Carlos II, which would end with the Habsburg Dinasty.
Web: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-IV-king-of-Spain-and-Portugal
Photo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Philip_IV_of_Spain.jpg/220px-Philip_IV_of_Spain.jpg -
Carlos II, also known as "The bewitched", would have serious health problems which would restrict his hablities to reign. This was caused by the familiar proximity spread through his parents and grand parents and so. He couldn't have children so the Habsburg Dinasty ended with him.
Video about discoveries in Carlos II' health:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ruLz4PQriRU
Photo: https://www.lavanguardia.com/files/og_thumbnail/files/fp/uploads/2020/07/28/5f203acdc5f75.r_d.405-392-0.jpeg -
This war was right after Carlos II died and was made in order to decide who would reign the Spanish Empire. Finally the Bourbon Dinasty were on the power.
Web: https://www.britannica.com/event/War-of-the-Spanish-Succession
Photo: https://www.nam.ac.uk/sites/default/files/styles/slice_lg/public/2017-08/1028970_slice.jpg?itok=1UlMAHO2 -
The French Revolution was a series of violent movements in order to stop the Old Regime in France but then it affected all Europe finishing with the Old Regime.
Video about facts: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=umNPgdRgl3Y
Photo: https://assets.ltkcontent.com/images/102789/french-revolution-battle_396f7b8db4.jpg
