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Period: to
Journey from Apartheid to Freedom
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African National Congress
The ANC is a political party in South Africa that is aimed at stopping racism and other forms of discrimination. The African National Congress was created in 1912 and has been the leading party since 1994. The party was started to cease the abuse of the nonwhites in South Africa. During Apartheid, the party was focused on stopping segregation. The current president of the party is Jacob Zuma who is also the present president of South Africa. -
The National Party
The National Party started in July 1, 1914 with J.B.M. Hertzog its leader. It was the party in South Africa that supported segregation and was against extending rights to non-whites. They created many acts against non-whites.The opposing party is the A.N.C. (African National Congress). The National Party lost its power in the first democratic election in South Africa in 1994. Every since then, the ANC has been in power. -
Nelson Mandela's early years
Nelson Mandela was born on July 18, 1918 and was inspire to be a leader by his father, a very repected man, who died when Nelson was 9. In college he was involved in student politics for human rights. He had many influences in his life including Oliver Tambo who he met in University. He was a prominent member of the ANC, where he helped create the Youth ANC. He also created the military arm of the ANC. Because of his work against apartheid, he was tried for treason and imprisoned for 27 years. -
Apartheid
Apartheid is a policy of legal racial segregation that began on November 7, 1948 in South Africa and was created and enforced by the National Party. Hendrik Verwoerd began this policy of white supremacy in South Africa. More than 300 racial laws were passed during Apartheid. They were meant to keep white people superior over all other citizens in South Africa although the whites were only 20% of the population. President F.W. de Klerk finally put an end to apartheid in 1994. -
Population Registration Act
The Population Registration Act began in 1950 as a part of the Apartheid. It required that all South Africans be racially classified into one of four categories: white, black, Asian, and colored. Each colored and black was required to keep a pass book that contained a photograph, fingerprints, and personal information which when requested by government official, needed to be shown. They were not allowed to go to certain areas, regions, or places like their fellow white South Africans. -
Bantu Authorities Act of 1951
The Bantu Authorities Act of 1951 is a part of the apartheid policy in South Africa. The Bantu Authorities Act is a policy in which the whites made non- whites move to "homelands" determined by their race. The homelands were very poor land far away from the whites. When they moved to the homelands, the non-whites lost all rights as South Africans and the Bantu non whites could only vote in his/her own racial homeland. -
The Defiance Campaign
The Defaince Campaign was the first time in history when all non whites came together to fight apartheid. They wanted to fight this apartheid because none of them had equal rights, and all priviledges were reserved for the ruling whites. This act was led by the ANC, and brought international attention to their cause. -
Bantu Education Act
The Bantu Education Act was part of the apartheid policy in South Africa. The government wanted the non whites to be less successful than the whites, so the government changed their education and trained them for only menial labor. They were taught in Afrikaans andattended old, run down schools while the whites were taught in a much better environment. The dissatisfaction to this unfair policy soon led to the Soweto Uprising. -
The Freedom Charter
The Freedom Charter was a blueprint for a non-racial society against apartheid. Early in the year of 1955, the African National Congress (ANC), an association for South African rights, sent out 50,000 volunteers to collect ‘freedom demands’ from “non- white” South African people.. All of these demands for equal rights were incorporated into the charter. Then on June 26, 1995, the Freedom Charter was finalized. -
Hendrik Voerwoerd
Hendrik Verwoerd was known as the “Architect of Apartheid.” He was very racist against all nonwhites and worked to create a white dominated society is South Africa . Verwoerd created many laws against nonwhites. He thought they were only good for “carrying water physical work.” His actions caused much unrest in his country, and he was eventually assasinated and buried in the Heroes Area. -
The Rivonia Trial
The Rivonia Trial was a trial in which 19 members of the African National Congress (ANC) were accused by the National Party for plotting against apartheid. The main purpose was an attempt to stop the ANC from growing. The verdict of life in prison was approved on June 12, 1964. Instead of weakening the opposition, the other members of the ANC got even angrier and more committed. 27 years after the trial, the leaders were released due to the end of apartheid. -
The Soweto Uprising
The Soweto Uprising was a student-led protest against the severe regulations set by the whites concerning non-white education. The students protested because the whites forced the non whites to learn in Afrikaan, a language they did not even know. The protest turned deadly once the Minister of Justice ordered force be used to stop the protest. It is estimated that 400 non-whites were killed and over 200 injured. June 16th is now a public holiday in remembrance of the events in 1976. -
Archbishop Desmond Milpo Tutu
Desmond Tutu was born on October 7, 1931 in Klerksdorp. As a child he noticed he was treated unfairly because he was black. Despite this, he managed to become very successful, and in 1975 he became the first black archbishop of Johannesburg. In 1988 he was awarded the Nobel peace prize for his powerful work against Apartheid.by chairing the Truth and Reconciliation Committee under President Mandela, a committee formed to address the horrors suffered during Apartheid. -
F.W. de Klerk
F.W. de Klerk became President of South Africa in 1989. He released Nelson Mandella from jail and ended apartheid in 1990. F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela won the Nobel Peace Prize for their work on dismantling apartheid. His effort's led to the end of 46 years of racism in South Africa. -
Nelson Mandela: The Presidantial Years
Nelson Mandela is a South African leader who was imprisoned at Robben Island for 27 years for supposed treason against the Aparthied government. President De Klerk ended Aparthied and released Mandela and other political prisoners. During the first democratic election, Mandela won the election and became their 1st black president of South Africa. He won the Noble Peace Prize in May of 1994 with President De Klerk for their work in ending apartheid. To this day he's a crusader for human rights -
Nelson Mandela (Years After Presidency)
Mandela had many accomplishments in life including winning the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. He was made president of the country’s first multi-ethnic government, and he then established the TRC (Truth and Reconciliation Commission). Mandela didn’t seek a second term as president and was succeeded by Mbeki in 1999. He retired from politics but has stayed a strong international presence even at 94 years old. -
Jacob Zuma
Jacob Zuma is the present president of South Africa. When Zuma was a child, he received no formal education, yet he went on to earn a collage degree! He alsoovercame charges of corruption and rape to become president. Zuma ended the system of “homelands” that had been part of apartheid. He has helped the country recover from apartheid, but there is still much more work to be done economically and socially.
