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The Old Kingdom starts with the Great Pryamids of Giza and the Sphinx. A time of peace and also a time when the sun god Re became important. The end of the Old Kingdom ends as the goverment begins to collapse. The end is a time of poverty and famine.
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The Harappan Civilazation was a highly stuctured, organized urban culture with an agricultural economy. Most likely worshiped gods and godesses of fertility along with yogic meditation and asecticism. The civilazation was either destroyed by being overthrown, flooding, or an earthquake.
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Pharaoh Mentuhotep ll reunites the 2 halves of Egypt under one rule which signaled the beginning of the Middle Kingdom. Royal tombs are moved to the north near the city of Memphis. Egyptians start to use irrigation to carry water from the Nile to their crops.
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In the more north part of China people settled on the Chang Jiang river, whereas the in the more south part of China people setteld on the Huang He river. The Chiang Jiang grew rice and the Huang He grew millet and wheat. Villages formed on the shores of the rivers, which eventually grew into large towns. This is how China's goverment was born.
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Amhose l reunites Egypt and the New Kingdom begins.
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The New Kingdom is a time of great prosperity for Ancient Egypt. During this time the Pharaohs conquer an abundance of lands and the Empire reaches it's peak.
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Tuthmosis is the first to be buried in the Valley of the Kings. For the next 500 years, this is the main burial area for Egyptian Royalty.
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The Shang Dynasty created China's first writing system. The soldiers devolped war chariots, bows, and bronze armor. The artisans made bronze containers for cooking and religous ceremonies. A calendar was invented based on the moon phases.
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The Shang Dynasty created China's first writing system. The soldiers devolped war chariots, bows, and bronze armor. The artisans made bronze containers for cooking and religous ceremonies. Invented a calendar based on the moon cycles.
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Hatshepsut is one of the most successful woman pharaohs and rules for 22 years.
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Under his reign the Egyptians would leak it's peak in prosperity, art, and power. He built the Temple of Luxor.
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The longest lasting dynasty. The Zhou claimed that they were chosen by heaven to rule China. This idea that China's ruler was chosen by heaven and gave him/her power called the Mandate Of Heaven. A new political order formed in China under Zhou rule. The emperor was head of Chinese society and owned everything. Everyone had to be loyal to him.
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A rebellion was started and they overthrew the Shang rulers in the 1100s BC.
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The king from the state of Qin unified China under his rule and renamed himself Shi Huangdi, which meant "first emperor." Shi Huangdi expanded China to the north and south. He changed Chinese politics by taking away the nobles' power. Xi'an became the new capital. Shi Huangdi created the "Great Wall", a barrier that linked older walls that stood at China's border.
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Shi Huangdi was strong enough to unite China when he was alive. But within a few years of his death, rebellions began and China fell into civil war.
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The Mongols didn't exactly make many contributons to the world or to their empire. According to perspectives of many different times, Mongols were seen as barbaric and uncivilized. They lived and fought on horseback. Their main weapons were axes, bows, and sometimes lances. The acrchers were very acurate and deadly. The Mongol Empire at it's height covered southern Russia, most of Aisa, and most of the area around the Black Sea.
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Under the leadership of Genghis Khan, the combination of Mongol strategy, discipline, ruthlessness, and technology help the Mongols take control of Central Asia, and then Northern China. By his death in the late 1220s, Mongol armies had moved west into the Islamic lands and Central Europe.
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