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Chinese started Fermented tea to treat a variety of illnesses as early as 220 B.C.
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Concluded that Fermentation is the result of living things.
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Determined that Fermenation is caused by yeast.
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Recieved the Nobel Prize for showing that enzymes in yeast cells, not the yeast cells themselves, cause Fermentation.
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They determined exactly how enzymes cause Fermentation and they won the Nobel Prize.
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Technology was developed to use Fermintaion to produce anibiotics.
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The use of Fermentation to make bread rise and to produce alcoholic beverages is as old as the development of agriculture itself, which most scholars date to about 8000 B.C.