1954-1975 Timeline APUSH by KJH

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Jan 20, 1953

http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/first-family/masthead_image/34de_header_sm.jpg?1250885267 [Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)Eisenhower came into the White House pledging a policy of “dynamic conservatism,” which stated that he would be liberal with people, but conservative with their money. Ike decreased government spending by decreasing military spending, trying to transfer control of offshore oil fields to the states, and trying to curb the TVA by setting up a private company to take its place. With Indians, though, Ike proposed ending the lenient FDR-style treatment toward Indians and reverting to a Dawes Severalt

1954-1975 Timeline APUSH by KJH

Period: Jan 1, 1954 to Dec 31, 1975

Geneva Conference

Apr 26, 1954

http://www.hvtc.edu.vn/tabid/156/catid/62/id/13170/Xem-nhung-tran-danh-noi-tieng-trong-lich-su-Viet-Nam/Default.aspxhttp://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/geneva-conference-beginsIn April 1954, representatives from the United States, the Soviet Union, China, France, and Great Britain gathered to resolve the problems facing Asia. One of the most pressing issues was the ongoing battle between communist Vietnam and France. By 1954, the French was drained and needed to retreat. In July 1954, the geneva agreements were signed. Thay stated that the Vietnam would be divided at the 17th parallel and in two years there would be an election to choose a president and reunite the c

Brown vs. Board of Education

May 17, 1954

http://kansas150slk.blogspot.com/2010_07_01_archive.htmlOn May 17, 1954, the Brown vs. Board of Education case stated that the Plessy vs. Furgeson’s “separate but equal” case was deemed unconstitutional. This case allowed black children to go to public schools with white children. this was an important milestone in the long struggle for black equality in the United States.

Emmett Till

Aug 27, 1955

http://i0.wp.com/hiphopenquirer.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Emmett-Till.jpeg?resize=500%2C375 http://www.heroism.org/class/1950/heroes/till.htm On August 27, 1955, Emmitt Till was beaten and shot to death by two white men and was thrown into the Tallahatchie River near Money, Mississippi because he was talking and whistling at a white woman in the grocery store. His death showed the horrible racism in the south which the north was appalled by. He became the martyr for the civil rights movement that would flood the nation in a couple years.

Montgomery Bus Boycott

Dec 1, 1955

http://www.history.com/topics/montgomery-bus-boycotthttp://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/montgomery_bus_boycott.htmOn December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks, a black woman, refused to give up her seat to a white man on the bus. She was arrested, and in response to this, African Americans began the bus boycott four days later to protest segregated seating on the bus. This even is considered one of the first large-scaled demonstrations against segregation.

Eisenhower Doctrine

Jan 5, 1957

http://www.milestonedocuments.com/documents/view/dwight-d-eisenhowers-special-address-to-congress-on-the-eisenhower-doctrinehttps://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Eisenhower_Doctrine.htmlOn January 5, 1957, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Congress passed the Eisenhower Doctrine. Under the doctrine, it stated that that is could request U.S military or economic assistance if it was being threatened of was by another state. The Doctrine was used the next year in the Lebanon Crisis when America responded due to the country’s president’s request.

Little Rock Nine

Sep 4, 1957

http://www.nps.gov/nr/travel/civilrights/ar1.htm On September 4, 1957, Governor Orval Faubus called in the National Guard to prevent the little rock nine from entering the school. After his meeting with President Eisenhover, he agreed to make the National Guard help the walk to school, but when he returned to Arkansas, he dismissed the National Guard, leaving the nine to walk by themselves. The students faced an angry white mob that threw bricks and destroyed school property. The students had to be evacuated by the police.

Bay of Pigs

Jan 1, 1959

http://personal.ashland.edu/~jmoser1/eikenberryinvasion.htmlhttp://www.history.com/topics/bay-of-pigs-invasionOn January 1, 1959, the young Cuban nationalist, Fidel Castro overthrew General Fulgencio Batista, the nation’s American-backed president. For the next two years the U.S government and the CIA tried to run Castro from his power. Finally in 1961, under Kennedy’s administration, the CIA was launched into an invasion in what was known as the Bay of Pigs. 1,400 American-trained Cubans revolted and tried to overthrow Castro; however, they were outnumbered by Castro’s troops and faced a quick surrende

SNCC

Feb 1, 1960

http://www.ibiblio.org/sncc/ On February 1, 1960, a group of black college students refused to leave a Woolworth’s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina when they were denied service. This incident created a wave of other sit-ins in college towns all across the south. The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee was created two months after the event to coordinate the sit-ins, support their leaders, and publicize their actions.

OPEC and Oil

Sep 10, 1960

http://www.autolife.umd.umich.edu/Design/Gartman/D_Casestudy/Oil_Embargo.htmIn 1960, during Eisenhower’s last term, the Organization of Petrolem Exporting Countries was founded. The five original members were Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Venezuela, but was soon joined by many more. As Americans were becoming more depended on Middle Eastern oil, it would cause a problem for presidents to come. As the supplies being sent to the U.S lowered, the cost of oil and availibilty would spike up in the years to come.

John F. Kennedy

Nov 8, 1960

http://www.jfklibrary.org/~/media/assets/Audiovisual/Still%20Photographs/Ernest%20Hemingway%20Photograph%20Collection/JFK%20Official.jpg[Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)In 1960, young energetic John F. Kennedy was elected as president of the United States- the youngest man ever elected to that office. The 1960’s would bring a revolution of civil rights, the emergence of a “youth culture”, a devastating war in Vietnam, and the beginnings of a feminist revolution. JFK delivered a stirring inaugural address, and he also assembled a very young cabinet, including his brother Robert Kennedy, as attorney general. Early on, he proposed the Peace Corps, an army of ideal

Cuban Missile Crisis

Apr 23, 1962

http://www.theatlantic.com/infocus/2012/10/50-years-ago-the-cuban-missile-crisis/100387/http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq90-1.htmIn the Fall of 1962, The United States and the Soviet Union were near going into a nuclear war. Attempting to fix and imbalance with the U.S, Soviet Nikita Khrushchev began sending missiles and weapons to Cuba. Once in use, these weapons could have hit almost anywhere in the United States. Upon the United States finding out, John F. Kennedy and an alert army and public compelled the Soviet Union to remove all weapons from Cuba in what became known as the Cuban Missile Crisis.

March on Washington

Aug 28, 1963

http://www.core-online.org/History/washington_march.htmOn August 28, 1963, hundreds of thousands of people came to the March on Washington to peacefully protest black equality. These hundreds of thousands of people came to hear martin Luther King Jr.’s iconic “I Have a Dream” speech. It had an impact on the public opinion and the passage of civil rights legislation. It showed the power of mass appeal and inspired many.

The Great Society

Nov 22, 1963

http://www.kommunikationsforum.dk/log/multimedia/LyndonB.jpg http://millercenter.org/president/lbjohnson/essays/biography/4Under Lyndon B. Johnson’s presidency, he called his domestic policies the Great Society. The most dramatic parts were bringing aid to underprivileged Americans, regulating natural resources, and protecting American consumers. He also brought the Highway Safety Act, Immigration Act, bills establishing National endowment for the Arts and Humanities, and various others.

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Jul 2, 1964

http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act/In 1964, Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1964. This law forbade discrimination against race and gender in hiring, promoting, or firing. In fulfilling the promise of the fourteenth amendment, the three branches of government debated whether the Constitution can prohibit denying the ban of race, ethnic, and gender criteria in social benefits.

Tonkin Gulf Resolution

Aug 4, 1964

http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=98On August 4, 1964, Johnson announced that U.S ships had been attacked two days earlier by the North Vietnamese. He sent U.S planes against the attacker and asked Congress to sign his resolution to support his actions. The Tonkin Gulf Resolution stated that Congress granted the U.S. president to take any means necessary to repeal and army attack and prevent further aggression.

Lyndon B. Johnson

Nov 3, 1964

http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/first-family/masthead_image/36lj_header_sm.jpg?1250885677[Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)In 1964 Johnson was opposed by Republican Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater who attacked the federal income tax, the social security system, the Tennessee Valley Authority, civil rights legislation, the nuclear test-ban treaty, and the Great Society. However, Johnson used the Tonkin Gulf Resolution Incident and he also got approval for the Tonkin Gulf Resolution. But on Election Day, Johnson won a huge landslide over Goldwater to stay president. Johnson’s win was coupled by sweeping Democratic win

Malcom X Assassination

Feb 21, 1965

http://www.newsinhistory.com/blog/malcolm-x-assassinated http://globalfusionproductions.com/globalfusionist-blogs/malcolm-x-el-hajj-malik-el-shabazz-may-19-1925-%E2%80%93-february-21-1965/ On February 21, 1965, Malcom X, the black leader and activist, was giving a speech when he was assassinated by three men who came to the stage with pistols and a sawed off shot gun. It was a brutal, violent death. He advocated black equality but called for violent tactics. He was only 39 years-old when he was killed.

Operation Rolling Thunder

Mar 2, 1965

Starting in March 1965 and ending in October 1968, the U.S military attacked targets throughout North Vietnam. The goal of these attacks was to pressure the North Vietnam military and to reduce their ability to fight back and wage war against South Vietnam, the U.S. supported government, led by Ngo Dinh Diem. These attacks represented a major involvement of the United States in the Vietnam War.

March on Selma

Mar 25, 1965

http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/chronologyentry/1965_03_25/ Civil Rights Act of 1964http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_selma_to_montgomery_march/ On March 25, 1965, Martin Luther King Jr. and thousands of others walked from Selma, Alabama to the capitol steps in Montgomery, Alabama to protest peacefully for voting rights for blacks. In Selma Alabama, the SNCC and the SCLC had been campaigning for voting rights. The 5 day, 54 mile march to Montgomery was an inspiring and helpful event in the fight for black equality.

Tet Offensive

Feb 24, 1968

http://lifeofdoshie.authorsxpress.com/files/hue.jpg In the past years, they had declared a truce for a few days during Tet, the Vietnamese New Year, allowing people on both sides to celebrate. During Tet in 1968, the Communists announced a truce but launched an offensive, attacking almost every major city in South Vietnam. The U.S had made some preparations for an attack but not enough and was caught by surprise.

Martin Luther King Jr. Assassination

Apr 4, 1968

http://crdl.usg.edu/events/mlk_assassination/?Welcome http://onceuponanegro.com/532/what-april-4th-means-to-me-reflections-on-dr-kings-assassination/ On April 4, 1968, Martin Luther King Jr. was shot by a sniper’s bullet while in his room at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee. At the news of his death, violet riots across the country took place from the anger they felt. On April 8, his widow Coretta Scott King led a silent march in Memphis in honor of her deceased husband.

Richard Nixon

Nov 5, 1968

http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/first-family/masthead_image/37rn_header_sm.jpg?1250885880[Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)Upon taking office, President Richard Nixon urged Americans to stop tearing each other apart and to cooperate. He was very skilled in foreign affairs and to cope with the Vietnam dilemma, he used a policy called “Vietnamization.” In 1972, North Vietnam attacked again and Nixon ordered a massive retaliatory air attack which grounded the Vietnamese offense to a stop when neither China nor Russia stepped in to help. In the 1972 election, Nixon won by a landslide because George Mcgovern’s running ma

Vietnamization

Apr 20, 1969

http://teachingvietnam.wordpress.com/topic-12-nixon-laos-and-cambodia/http://www.army.mil/article/3867/In 1969, Nixon released his Nixon doctrine, or Vietnamization. In this plan that was passed on July 25th at a conference with Guam, Nixon would increase the training of the South Vietnamese troops to help them prepare for was against North Vietnam. While doing this, the U.S troops would gradually be evacuated from Vietnam and come back home. It also said that the U.S would honor all of it’s treaty agreements, it would provide a shield if nuclear power threatened an ally, and that it would provid

Détente

May 22, 1972

http://www.dce.k12.wi.us/srhigh/socialstudies/wpe24.jpg[Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)China and the Soviet Union were clashing over their own interpretation of Marxism and Nixon seized this as a chance for the U.S. to relax tensions and establish “détente.” He sent National Security advisor Kissinger to China, to encourage better relations. Nixon then travalled to Moscow in May 1972 and the Soviets, wnating foodstuffs and alarmed over the possiblity of a U.S.-China alliance against the U.S.S.R made the deals with America in which the U.S. would sell the soviets at least $750 mil

Watergate Scandal

Jun 17, 1972

http://naveenrnair.files.wordpress.com/2010/12/watergate-scandal.jpg [Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)On June 17, 1972, 5 men working for the Repulican Committee for the re-election of the President (CREEP) were caught breaking into the Watergate Hotel and planting some bugs in the room. What followed was a huge scandal in which many prominent administrators resigned. It also provoked the improper or illegal use of the FBI and the CIA. It was discovered that there were tapes that had recorded conversations that could solve all the mysteries in this case, but Nixon, who had explicitly denied part

Gerald Ford

Aug 9, 1974

http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/geraldford[Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006](Kennedy, David., et al. The American Pageant. Thirteenth edition. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2006)Gerald Ford took office on August 9, 1974. He was the first unelected president ever, since his name had been submitted by Nixon as a V.P. candidate when Spiro Agnew resigned due to the bribery scandal while he was Maryland governor. He was also seen as a dumb jock of a president and his popularity and respect further sank after he issued a full pardon of Nixon. His popularity also declined when he granted amnesty to “draft dodgers’ thus allowing them to return to the U.S. from wherever they had

Pardoning Nixon

Sep 8, 1974

http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0908.htmlOn September 8, 1974, despite being strongly opposed of his actions, President Ford granted former President Nixon an unconditional pardon for all the crimes he had committed. He took these actions to spare the nation and Nixon from further punishment due to the Watergate Scandal. His pardonning was very risky and made him unpopular to a lot of citizens.

The Fall of Saigon

Apr 30, 1975

http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/April/Saigon-Falls-to-Vietcong--Ending-Vietnam-War.htmlIn the morning of April 30, 1975, South Vietnam’s President Duong Van Minh surrenderd to the Vietcong; this ended decades of violence between the north and the south. Two hours after his statement was made, the North Vietnam Flag was raised over the presidential palace. Hours before this incident, the last of the U.S troops were evacuated from the U.S. Embassy. Hundreds of Vietnamese begged to be taken back to the U.S on these helicopters.

Helsinki Accords

Aug 1, 1975

http://previews.agefotostock.com/previewimage/bajaage/4c3303c2e0e16e9aa02ef0623d74afa1/ERE-HISL029-EC276.jpg http://chnm.gmu.edu/1989/items/show/245On August 1, 1975, the Helsinki declaration was a turning point in the Cold War. The Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries rejoiced at the recognition of their national boundaries. In the agreement, it had an agreement to uphold human rights. Each nation published a Helsinki declaration at home, which created a promise of wide reforms if the country honored its agreements.