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The French and Indian War
The French and Indian War was fought between the colonies of British America and New France (allied with the Indigenous) and took place along the frontiers between New France and Britis colonies. It began after the governor of Virginia sent Washington's Militia to capture the Ohio River Valley, It ended with France ceding its territory east of Missssippi to Great Britain, and Britain became the dominant colonial power in eastern North America -
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American Revolution
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Proclamation of 1763
Issued by King George III, the Proclamation of 1763 followed Great Britain's acquiring of French North America territory, and it forbade settlers from settling past a certain line along the Appalachian Mounains. It's purpose was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with the natives through trade regulation, settlement, and purchases of land on the west frontier. -
Proclamation of 1763 Continued
However, even after this proclamation was put into place, colonists continued to settle past the Appalachian mountains, infuriating the British -
The Sugar Act
The Sugar Act was passed by the Parliament of Great Britain, and basically reduced the tax on molasses but imposed a tax on foreign goods such as sugar, wines, and coffee. This sharply reduced trade with places suchas the Canary Islands and French West Indies, and disrupted the colonial econ by reducing markets in which colonies could sell. This act along ith the Currency Act set up for the revolt at the Stamp Act -
The Quartering Act of 1765
In order to take back hold of the thirteen colonies, Lieutenant General Thomas Gage requested the Quartering Act that provided that Great Britain would house its soldiers in American barracks and public However,when 1500 British troops arrived at New York City in 1766, the Assembly refused to comply with the Act and didn't supply shelter for the troops. A skirmsh occurred and was circumbented in all colonies other than Pennsylvania 1767. -
The Stamp Act Congress
Also known as the First Congresss of the American Colonies, it was a meeting devised by James Otis held in New York City consisting of reps from North America British colonies. It was significant in that for the first time, in order to devise a unified protest against Brit taxes, elected representatives from several British colonies gathered. -
The Stamp Act Continued
However, in order for Parliament to affirm its power, it later passed the Declaratory Act, followed by a series of taxes. -
The Stamp Act
This was an Act by the Parliament of Great Britain imposing a direct tax on British American colonies. It required for many of the colonies printed materials (legal docs, magzines,newspapers) to be made on stamped paper. Thistax was made to help pay for North America stationed troops post Brit victory in 7 yrs war. It was unpopular among colonists, and many considered it a violation of their rights as Englishmen to "be taxed w/o their consent." The act was heavily opposed and repealed March 18, -
The Boston Massacre
In the Boston Massacre, British soldiers killed 5 male civilians and injured six others in the Province of Massachusetts Bay. It started as harassment of the soldiers which quickly fired up into a violent outbreak. This outbreak heightened tensions throughout the thirteen colonies because people from both sides were charged -
The Gaspee Affair
The Gaspee Affair was significant in the lead up to the American Revolution. A British customs ship named Gaspee, located around the shallow waters of Warwick, Rhode Island, enforced unpopular trade regulations, and so Abraham Whipple and John Brown along with their goons dressed up as Native Americans and "attacked, boarded, looted,and torched the ship." -
Boston Tea Party
The Tea Act,passed in May 10, 1773, sparked much political protest by the Sons of Liberty in Boson. In the act, some disguised as American Indians and destroyed and dumped 342 boxes of tea into the ocean. The Tea Act was rejected because colonists felt that it violated their rights as Englishmen to "no taxation without representation," (so they only wanted taxes by their own elected reps, not by the British parliament because it didn't represent the people. -
Boston Tea Party Continued
This was a key event in that Parliament responded to this with the Intolerable/Coercive Acts -
Intolerable Acts
Pased by the British Parliament in 1774 post Boston Tea party, the Intolerable Acts was a series of punitive laws meant to punish the Massachusetts colonists for throwing the tea into the Boston harbor and their defiance. It closed ports, strengthened the quartering act, and took away Massachusetts self-gov, which triggered resistance in the 13 colonies -
First Continental Congress
Called in response to the pass of the Intolerable Acts, this was a convention of delegates from 12 colonies (Georga absent) at Carpenter's Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In the congress, delegates considered econ boycott of Brit trade,rights and grievances, and petitioned King George III to fix these problems. It also called for a second Continental Congress and urged each colony to set up and train its own militia. -
Second Continental Congress
Also taking place in Philadelphia Pennsylbania, the 2nd CC managed colonial war effort and gravitated more and more toward indepndence, adopting the US Declaration of Independence on July 4 1776. The President of the Congress was Peyton Randolph, with notable figures such as Ben Franklin and john Hancock. -
Olive Branch Petition
In order to prevent a full on war between the 13 colonies, the 2nd Continental Congress adopeted the Olive Branch Petition (first drafted by THomas Jefferson. It pledged American loyalty to Great Britain and urged the king to prevent further confict. After the colonies were declared to be in rebellion in August 1775 by the Proclamation of Rebellion, the petition was rejected. -
Thomas Paine's Common Sens
Written by Thomas Paine, Common Sense inspired people of the 13 colonies to declare and fight for independence from Great Brtain. It was an immediate sensation because it presented for American colonists the argument for freeedom. -
Declaration of Independence
Basicallly, this allowed the thirteen colonies led by the US of Amer and Jhn Adams. Richard Henry Lee's, It drafted the King and British gov't. The declaration adopted Lee's resolution was then adopted in July 4th 1776.
