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John Edwards, George Whitfield
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King established as poor/debtor refuge and buffer btw colonies and spainish Oglethorpe
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Spain promised freedom to slaves who made it to Florida and converted to Catholicism. Only 69 made it.
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Jewish Dr. saved Savanah
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tensions with spain
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crown enforces on US , cant trade in west indies, impressment,
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btw France and England, ohio river valley
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Age of reason, brought about political change in US, brought about separation of church and state, logic and science over religion, John Locke, Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin, John Adams, James Maddison, Alexander Hamilton
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no settlers in the ohio river valley
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stopped colonies from printing own money, destabilized economy
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replaced molasses act- combat smuggling
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first direct tax on colonies, all documents must bare stamp
offset cost of troops in colonies
no taxation begins circulating -
each colonial assembly required to provide for basic needs of solidiers
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in response to quartering act, NE, protests boycotts tar and feather
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Parliament has full control, assemblies no power, stamp act gone, rebellion organizes
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NY assembly susspended
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to enforce taxes, created board of customs and commissioners
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taxed paper, paint, lead, glass, tea- only tea remained after 1770 repeal
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boycott british imports
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Ann has vision, she is incarnation of Christ, forms asexual religious group of brothers and sister (Shakers), fizzle out by 1900
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5 Bostonians and two boys die, don't really know who started, John Adams rep soldiers, resulted in intolerable acts
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colonist rebelled british navy enforcing naval acts, burned boat
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not to generate revenue but to save East India Company via monopoly on tea sales in colonies
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30-130 men dressed as Mohawk, sons of liberty rebel by refusing to accept and destroying tea by dumping in harbor, resulted in intolerable acts
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Port bill- closed Boston Port, Mass under martial law
Mass Regulating/Mass Govt Act- ended self rule by colonists
Admin of Justice Act- royal officials tried in England
New Quartering Act- all American colonies provide houses and taverns for troops -
extends Canada down into Ohio River Valley, pisses off colonists
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Declaration of Rights and Grievances- asked to repeal acts, no response from Britain would reconvene
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illegal assembly
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1st military engagement
"Shot heard round the world"
77 men led by Captain John Parker battle 700 brits trying to destroy military supplies -
formed continental army, olive branch petition- last ditch effort to avoid war with crown, defacto national govt (1st non british govt)
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capture needed munitions (100 cannons), Ethan Allen, Green Mountain Boys, Benedict Arnold
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British defeat americans in Mass, colonials inflicted major casualties= confidence boost, really Breeds Hill
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Richard Montgomery and Benedict Arnold tried to capture city to garner French-Canadian support, americans driven out
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1st Challenged authority of crown, 2 basic points- monarchy bad way to govern, common sense to declare independence
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some still wanted to avoid way, committee of 5 drafts- Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson (main writer), John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston;
adjustments frustrate jefferson -
only new York sustained
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George Washington led troops across the Deleware river on Christmas and took Hessians by surprise
boost morale and confidence -
become allies, money, men, navy
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Washington hunkers down with army, turning point for amry, harsh winter, trained by Baron Frederick von Steuben (Prussian)... went from militia type force to organized army
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morale low, defeat in NY, drove Washington to philly
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Burgoyne sitting duck, Gen Horatio Gates jumps on him, british surrender, turning point of war, garner French support
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Brits moved land operations to the south Gen Clinton
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US finds loophole to not assist France during their revolution
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Benedict Arnold caught trying to sell west point to british for 20,000 #, escaped
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more like "friendship" than govt, federal govt had no power
one state=one vote
maintains post office, est weights and measurements -
france cuts off the ocean
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Cornwallis marches north, GW attacks in Yorktown, Cornwallis humiliated and surrenders
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- independence guaranteed
- land from French and indian war
- cease prosecution of loyalist Spain- FL France- Carribean Islands
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Daniel Shay led thousands in protest against rich/elite injustices, property tax need to lower
Result- need for stronger central govt -
used parts of Virginia and New Jersey Plan, constitution goes into effect when 9 of 13 states ratify
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55 delegates in philly , Maddison purposes new govt = Virginia Plan, presidency offered to GW
declares national authority over state authority, est by people, voting -
constitutional convention, William Peterson purposes, called for two houses in govt, elected according to population
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New Hampshire 9th
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Est federal judiciary sys
fed district court
circuit court
b/c constitution only created supremecourt -
first ten amendments to constitution go into effect
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20 year charter
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protest against tax on grain, federal govt had power to put down
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John Jay sent to Britain for treaty to roll back rule of 1756, allows trade, no word on impressment
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friendship btw US and Spain, opened up Mississippi River and New Orleans to Americans
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John Adams )Fed) barely won
VP Thomas Jefferson (AFED)
VP is decided by second most notes