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1095
The Crusades
The Crusades were a bunch of wars during the middle ages where Christians from Europe tried to take control of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from the Muslims. People who fought in the war was promised indulgence, and both Christians and Muslims recaptured land and had a fair share on wins. The importance of the crusades in American History is the technology advances that the Christians brought to Europe from the Middle East which later helped the Europeans explore the new world. -
1325
Aztecs
The word "Aztec was used to describe Nahuatl-Speaking people of Central Mexico in the period of Mesoamerican chronology. Aztecs in the 15th and early 16th centuries ruled a large empire in what is now called the central and Southern part of Mexico. The Aztecs got theii name from Aztlan also known as "white land" which was an allusion to their origins which was probably in New Mexico. Elements of their tradition suggest that they were hunters and gatherers on the northern plateau. -
1346
The Black Death
The black death is a well known disease that was spread across Europe in the years 1346-1353.The Black death only came several centuries after its visitation and was possible to be a mistranslation of the word "atra" was is a latin word meaning both terrible and black. 60% of Florence's population died from the plague, ad possibly the same amount in Siena. Plague bacteria can break out of the buboes and carried by the blood stream to the lungs and cause a variant of plague spread by droplets. -
1400
The Renaissance
The Renaissance is a period in European History between the 14th and 17th century and marking the transition from the middle ages to modernity. The Renaissance encompassed flowering of Latin and vernacular literatures, beginning with the 14th century resurgence of learning. The Renaissance also witnessed the discovery and exploration of new land and the substitution of the Copernican for the system of astronomy. It also came up with inventions such as paper, printing, gunpowder and compas! -
Period: 1400 to
Beginnings of Exploration
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1492
Colombian Exchange
The Colombian exchange was an exchange of plants, animals, diseases and technology which transformed the European and Native American's way of life. The Colombian exchange was the single most important event in the modern history of the world. Beginning after Colombus' discovery, the exchange lasted years of expansion and discovery. The colombian exchange impacted the social and cultural makeup of both sides of the Atlantic. The exchange brought new crops that increased the human population. -
1492
Christopher Columbus
Christopher Colombus made trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain in 1492 to 1502. He was so determined to find a water route west from Europe to Asia but sadly never did. Instead he bumped into Americans where millions of people were also around. Though he did not really discover the new world, it marked the beginning of his journey of the beginning of centuries of transatlantic conquest and colonization. Christopher wasn't the first person to propose that a parson could reach Asia. -
1500
Caribbean Colonies
The Caribbean was a role played in the colonial struggles of the European power since the 15th century. The region is located southeast of North America east of central America. The Caribbean is a main destination for vacationers because of its beautiful beaches and perfect climate as well as diverse ecosystems, "Caribbean is named after the Caribs which was of the dominate Amerindian groups in the time of European during the late fifteen century. -
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English Colonial Societies
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Chesapeake colonies
The Chesapeake Colonies were the colony and Dominion of Virginia both located in British America and Chesapeake bay settlement. Chesapeake had a one crop economy based all on tobacco, this demanded slave labor in the southern colonies. All the growing of tabacco ruined the soil and new land was needed a lot. Diseases were really common in the warm climate in the Chesapeake than they were in the England Colonies, which resulted in a higher death rate and made extended families less common -
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Colonial America to 1763
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
The Massachusetts Colony was the most successful and profitable colony in New England of the 17th century. By 1640, the bay colony had grown to more than 20,000 people who were easily the most successful colony the New England colonies. The Massachusetts colony was the original 13 colonies and was divided into three geographic areas consisting of the New England middle and southern colonies. The colony was founded in 1630 and existed until 1776 when it joined it joined a fight for independence. -
New England colonies
The New England Colonies was settled by Europeans, mostly the English, in the 17th century. The colonist made their living fishing, whaling, and ship building. Farming was very difficult in New England because of that of the poor soil but plants can still be planted like pumpkins, corn squash and beans. The colonies included the states of Connecticut , Maine, Massachusetts, and New Hampshire. Jobs were available and slavery was allowed in the colonies even though barely no one had them -
Navigation Acts
The Navigation Acts was meant to regulate the trade of the empire to help the mother country country to profit from the colonies which has been planted overseas. The Navigation Acts was laws passed by the British Parliament that restricted on colonial trade. Some of the legislation was made to protect colonial interest. Example, tobacco production in England was not allowed leaving the colonies the sole source of that product. The act was made to control the trade happening between England -
Charter colonies
A charter is a document that was written from the sovereign power of a country that took certain rights, privileges, and franchises. Charter Colonies were hand written contacts between the American Colonists and the British king and explaining the share each should have in the government and not able t change without the consent of both parties. The colonies were all located in New England where government issues were discussed at town meetings. -
Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution which was also called the Revolution of 1688 which contained King James the II of England and the establishment of William III as a joint monarch. King James took the throne in 1865 when relations between Catholics and protestants were tense. James supported the freedom for Catholics and appointed Catholic Officers to the army. The Glorious Revolution established Parliament as the ruling power of England and later the United States which resulted in a shift of monarchy -
Salem Witch Trails
The Salem Witch Trials was a group of prosecution and hearings that people accused of witch craft in Massachusetts between 1692 and 1693. Over 200 people were accused and nineteen were found guilty and was executed by them being hanged. The salem witch trails was pretty much a bunch of trails back in 1692, a bunch of innocent people died because the religion was all screwed up and the people that killed these people had no innocent of them being guilty whatsoever. -
Colonial Economies
The colonial economy is a production system that established in a society which was dominated by imperialist power politically, economically, culture, socially. Colonial economy refers to the system of consumption which was introduced in the colonies by the colonists in order to fill their economic demands such as getting raw materials, markets, area for investment, and areas for settlement. During the period most people engaged in agriculture, which contrasted with tobacco. -
Triangular Trade
A historical term for trade that was going on between three regions using one region as payment for commodities from another region. It's mostly known as a slave trade that happened among Europe, West Africa and the Americans in the 17th through 19th centuries. The triangular trade was a repetitive trade route to transport and sell in the New World. The second stage was where the slaves were sold for either sugar or molasses. The trade continued for centuries because of the buyers. -
The Enlightenment
The enlightenment was also known as the age of reason and took movement in Europe and later in North America in the 17th and early 18th century. The enlightenment was caused by the thirty years war which was a destructive war which last from 1618 to 1648 The point of the Enlightenment was to inform the public and convince them of their ideas. their hope was to stop slavery and wanted people to feel free, richer, and more civilized. -
Slavery
Slavery is when people own other people and call them slaves. The slave is being in control by someone and has to pretty much do what they are told to since they are owned and forced to work. A slave is considered the persons' property. Slaves suffered harsh conditions, abuse, and illegal actions, and the worse part is that the government allowed it. In other areas where it's a smaller town, slave owners treated their slaves more nicer and humanly. Slaves can also be own more than once -
Great Awakening
The Great Awakening was a series of really religious rivals in North American colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries. The Great Awakening was a rebellion against religion which spread across other areas of colonial life.The colonies did not form around a religious freedom, but the ideas it produced changed the single truth or church. Another effect of the Great Awakening was on colonial culture, which was the growth of the notion state rule in contact with the people. -
Seven Years
Also known as the French and Indian War, begun in 1756 when the fight against French and colonists merged into European Conflict which involved France, Australia and Russia against Prussia and Britain. The war changed economical, political, and governmental social relations between Britain, France, and Spain. France and Spain both suffered financially because of this war. The war ended with the signing of a treaty of Hubertusburg and Paris in 1763. France lost all claims to Canada. -
Free Black Communities
In the nineteenth century, the regions surrounding Philadelphia contained free black communities that by most were measured most violent, dynamic and influential in the United States. Many free man and women found their native states while being happy to take advantage of the labor of slaves. Slaves played an important role often negotiating in which they would themselves and over time be able to purchase their freedom while other chose to just disappear into the free black communities -
Fort William Henry
Fort William Henry was a British fort located at the Southern edge of Lake George. In the 1750's, France and Britain faced one another as rivals in the greater lake Champlain region, a value to both. During 1756, both sides increased their armys' strength on the lake and started small raids against each other William Henry took place in August 3-9 in 1757 during the French and Indian war. The war didn't begin until 1754 when George Washington's command was defeated in the West -
Period: to
The American Industrial Revolution
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Treaty of Paris 1763
The Treaty of Paris of 1763 ended the French and Indian war between France and Great Britain as well as all their allies. Because of the treaty, France gave all its territories to North America which ended every foreign threat to the British colonies that were there. The experience of the French and Indian War did not bring the British and the Americans closer together as British troops looked down at the colonials. The Empire of France was destroyed making Britain the dominant in North America. -
Period: to
The Revolutionary War
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Stamp Act
An act passed by the British to help pay for the debt caused by the "Seven Years' war" and to pay for the soldiers who were protecting the frontier area near the Appalachians Mountains. The act imposed a tax that forced colonist to pay for every single printed paper that they used. This act was not liked by the colonists because it was created to raise money, and they didn't even approve it which also created the term "no taxation without representation" which made colonists actually decide. -
No Taxation without Representaion
"No Taxation without Representation was about colonists who were not allowed to choose representatives in London which is why the laws they were under was taxed. the saying no taxation without representation was a battle cry of many american colonists during the British rule in the early 1770's. The colonists were being taxed by the British and has been self governed for many years and did not vote in Britain meaning they had no representation when they were there. -
Boston Tea Party
The Boston tea party was actually a revolt against the taxes imposed by Parliament and not an actually tea party. Protesters of these taxes dumped all 342 chests of tea into the Boston harbor. They wanted to cause more problems for East India Company and was led by Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty. They all boarded three ships in the Boston harbor and dumping the tea into the harbor. Their actions then led to the passage of the Coercive Acts in 1774. -
Shot Heard Around the World
"The Shot Heard Around The World" was the first shot fired which is now known as when they started the Battle of Lexington and Concord. The battle lasted around 4 hours, For the Americans, only 49 colonists were killed, 39 were wounded and 5 went missing. For the British, 73 were killed, 174 were wounded and 53 went missing and got captured. The Battle was won by the Americans with Americans winning by 3,960 people -
Thomas Paine
Founding Father of the United States, was an engineer, scientist, and inventor. Thomas Paine helped inspire the American Revolution and also helped them succeed. Thomas Paine wrote the pamphlet "common sense" which made a public impassioned case for independence which before had not yet been given serious intellectual consideration. The pamphlet was so effective because it was written in such clear writing and language that made it easy to understand to other people -
Period: to
The Constitution
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Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation created a weak national government and was created during the Revolutionary War. The Articles of Confederation was the first written constitution created by the United States. It relied on requisitions and could not force taxation since States would not comply since they had so much power. it gave most of the power to the states, it had the power to create laws, but lacked the power to enforce them, and lack the strong central government that the Constitution gave. -
Treaty of Paris 1783
The Treaty of Paris 1783 was signed in Paris by King George which ended the war of the American Revolution on September 3, 1783. The British later acknowledged the independence of the united states and soon the U.S. boundaries were established. The American Revolutionary war between great Britain and its thirteen colonies that was allied with France. The war started because of gun power that was heard around the world. Surprisingly no one was experienced fighters but still won. -
Shay's Rebellion
Shay's Rebellion was a group of protesters led by Daniel Shays from the revolutionary war. The goal of the rebellion was to prevent the imprisonment of debt ridden citizens. The cause of Shays Rebellion was money or the lack of money which resulted in war debts. The Rebellion is really important because it was one of the major factors that led to the writing of the new constitution When the united states became independent, the constitution was called the articles of confederation -
Founding Fathers
The founding fathers : Alexander Hamilton, John Adams, John Jay, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and Geroge Washington., were known to do important roles and things during certain events George washington was known as the Hulk of the founding fathers as he was known for his serious side as his temper was high toned, He obtained a firm reflection but however broke his bonds and he was the most tremendous in his wraith. His motivation helped American win the war of independence -
Three Branches
The three branches of government are divided into executive, legislative, and judicial branches each branch has their own power and responsibilities to make sure the citizens' rights are protected and to make sure they're good to go. The most powerful branch is the judicial because it can override other branches but sometimes it could be executive because the president is the one controlling foreign policy, has a veto, and decides how to enforce each law. -
Virginia Plan
The Virginia plan played an important role in the U.S. It was important because it played a role on setting the agenda for the convention. The Virginia plan decided to separate the powers into executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The Virginia plan was created by James Madison and presented to the constitutional convention by Edmund Rudolph who was the governor of Virginia. The biggest states loved the plan more than the smaller ones did because they had a better chance in winning. -
New Jersey Plan
The New Jersey plan was an option on how the United States will be governed. The plan allowed each state to have one vote in the congress instead on votes based on the population. The plan was drafted by William Patterson and the small states like New Jersey and Connecticut agreed on the plan. Sadly the plan has been rejected for the new constitution as the Connecticut compromise establish a legislature with the United Sates. The New Jersey plan was made for smaller states so they have a chance -
Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance was bought in 1787 by the confederation congress, it provided a method for adding new states to the union straight from the territory and listed the bill of rights that was guaranteed to be apart of the territory. The northwest ordinance was divided into several states of the Middle west making a line divided slaves and a free slaves country and was the most important of the three acts that laid basics for the government -
Steam Boat
The steamboat wasn't very successful due to it being unsuccessful during the long years. The first steamboat to even make it was the Clermot which was invented by Robery Fulton in 1807. Robert moved to France so he can work on canals it was then when he met Robert Livington. The steamboat was used to carry supplies across the water or to carry passengers in general so they can cross. The steamboat can hold pounds of supplies like lumber the steamboat works by burning fuel from the heat of water. -
Anti-Federalists Papers
Anti-Federalists Papers were the name given to the works written by the Founding Fathers who opposed or concerned with the merits or the United States Constitution of 1787. The Anti-Federalist made a series of of essays against a stronger union that was more energetic in the new constitution The papers played an important role in shaping the early american landscape in the Bill of Rights. There was a collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay. -
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The New Republic
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Whiskey Rebellion
The Whiskey Rebellion began in 1791 when congress legislated a tax on whiskey and ruined spirits. The tax was intended to help less out the federal deficit. The Whiskey Rebellion lasted from 1791 to 1794 and was a cornerstone event in the Early Republic. It demonstrated the government who was willing to be able to suppress acts on resistance. The frontier farms were poor and had little cash but relied on whiskey and a commodity and even make it a form of currency and was mad about the tax. -
First bank of the United States
The first bank of the united states was a national bank that has been charted for a term of 20 years, The bank followed Bank of North American which was the nations first de facto Central bank. The national bank of 1863 was made to create a national banking system, establish a national currency, and float federal war loans. Congress passed the act to help find the financial crisis that emerged during the early American civil war. -
Bill of Rights
The bill of rights was meant to protect citizens from government power. It achieves this by separating powers between different government branches which were the judicial, legislative, and executive. The 1st amendment was the most important amendment of the bill of rights as it protected five of the most basic acts of liberty. there was freedom of religion, speech, freedom of press, assembly, and freedom to petition government to right wrongs. -
Cotton Gin
The cotton gin was invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. It reduced labor for removing seeds but it didn't not reduce the amount of slaves that were needed to grow and pick cotton. The amount of cotton needed was in high demand for both slave labor and land The cotton gin was very successful in the south because Eli's invention helped successfully pull out the seeds from the cotton balls. Because of the cotton gin, the North and south increased their arguments over time. -
Jay's Treaty
Jay's treaty was a treaty of Amity, commerce, and navigation. Jay's treaty was signed to avert the threat of the war. The treaty helped eliminate the British control of western posts within two years and established America's claim for damaging british ships and provided Jay's treaty averting the threat of war. Jay's treaty settled out outstanding issues between the two countries that had left being unsolved since American Independence. The treaty was from the British to stop the arrest of ships -
XYZ Affair
The XYZ affair happened between the French and United States that resulted in an uncleared war known as the Quasi War. The XYZ affair was made in attempt to avert the war between Great Britain. French negotiators made peace with the convention of 1800 which was also known as the Treaty of Mortefontaine . The letters "XYZ" were names for the French Diplomats Hottinguer (X), Bellamy (Y), and Huateval (Z) in documents that were released by Adam's administration. -
Period: to
The Age of Jefferson
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Judiciary Act of 1801
The Judiciary Act of 1801 was a partisan attempt by Federalist and who were in congress and the John administration to pack all federal courts with Federalists, The judiciary act was made to establish the judicial acts of the United States. The act was signed by George Washington in 1789 and the constitution established a supreme court but left to congress the authority to create federal courts if needed. Because of the act, it reduced the court from six to five justices, -
Marbury v. Madison
The Marbury vs Madison case happened on February 24, 1803 where the U.S. Supreme court first declared an act of congress unconstitutional which made an establish doctrine of Judaical review. Marbury vs madison was the most important case in Supreme Court history and was the first case to apply the principle of the judicial review. the federal courts voids the acts of congress in result of the constitution. James Madison was wrong which made him lose the case. -
Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana purchase was 828,000,000 square miles of territory from France, The Louisiana territory stretched all the way to the Mississippi River to the rocky mountains in the east and west of gulf of mexico and south to the Canadian boarder. In 1812, Louisiana has made it to the union as the 18th state of the United States. The Louisiana territory was sold for fifteen million dollars and almost bankrupt Thomas Jefferson -
Hamilton vs Burr
Hamilton Vs Burr was a duel that happened in New Jersey. Vice President Aaron Burr shot political antagonist Alexander Hamilton and died the same day. Hamilton and Burr began to insult each other which made them fight.The Hamilton vs burr duel was one of the most famous duels in American History. It was a duel with pistols. The argument began when Burr won a seat in the united states senate from Philip Schuyler who was Hamilton's father in law that supported Federalist polices. -
Embargo Act of 1807
President Jefferson hoped the Embargo Act of 1807 helped the United States by demonstrating to the Britain and France on american supplies convincing them to respect the American neutrality and to stop impressing american seamen. The Embargo act was signed by President Thomas Jefferson hoping it prohibited American ships from trading all foreign ports. Because of this, French began seizing American Merchant ships since the intended to punish Britain and France for interfering with trade. -
War of 1812
In the war of 1812, The United States decided to Declare war on Britain in 1812. They did so because Britain refused to stop seizing the American Ships that traded with France. Nearly 15,000 Americans died from the result of the war and 8,600 British and Canadian soldiers died from the battle or disease. In the end of the war, the treaty of ghent was signed on December 24, 1814 where it returned all territorial conquest that was made by both sides. -
Battle of New Orleans
The Battle of New Orleans happened on January 8th in 1815 where british troops were being led by General Edward and American forces led by General Andrew Jackson. Jackson was outnumbered and the Americans who constructed sophisticated earthworks won a victory against the British assault. The battle marked the end of the war of 1812, and during the battle of New Orleans 49 were killed, 87 were wounded and 4 went missing. The entire campaign in total was 2,459 with 386 killed and 1,521 wounded -
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American Industrial Revolution
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Cultural Changes
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Monroe Doctrine
John Quincy Adams made and wrote the Monroe Doctrine to respect the Western Hemisphere. The United States should not interfere with the internal affairs of the two wars between European Powers and the states then saw and agreed to not interfere with the existing colonies, The United states promised to stay out of the European business and also told the Europeans to stay out of their business. The doctrine warns European nations the the U.S. wouldn't tolerate colonization any further. -
Election of 1824
John Quincy Adams won the victory at the election of 1824 just by one electoral vote. The election was run by the representatives and the election was about who would run for the next president. Many loved John Quincy adams over Andrew Jackson and it was believe that the speaker of the house named Clay convinced all the congress to elect adams. Andrew Jackson's supporters then denounced this as a "Corrupt Bargain" but he still lost no matter what they did or said. -
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Age of Jackson
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Spoils System
Andrew Jackson was the one who introduced the Spoils system after he won the 1828 presidential election. The Spoils system appoints the civil servants to government jobs because they were loyal to Jackson and his political party. The Spoils system was also known as the patronage system which was also made into a famous speech made in 1832 by William Marcy of New York. Andrew Jackson was determined to change the way the federal government was operated after the election of 1829 -
German Immigration
The German Immigration was the non English speaking group of immigrants to enter the united states in very large numbers. The Germans played major roles in the american economic development, the abolishing movement, the U.S military forces and other areas during the nineteenth century. Mostly all german immigration happened in the nineteenth century and began arriving as early as 1609 when they helped the english settlers find Jamestown, Virginia. Germans hepled settle north and south carolina. -
Telegraph
The telegraph was created during the 1830's and developed even more in the 1840's. Samuel Morse and other inventors helped make the telegraph and it revolutionized long distance communication between people. How it worked is it by sending electrical signals over a wire that was aid between stations. Morse sent his first message from Washington, D.C., to Maryland. In 1855 a telegraph has been laid out across the Atlantic Ocean from the U.S. to Europe. -
Nat Turner's Rebellion
Nat Turner's rebellion was also known as the Southampton insurrection and was a slave rebellion that took place in the Southampton Country. Turner has believed that god has chosen him to lead blacks to freedom. Nat turner and his fans began a revolt against the slave owners killing everyone and their family and he even recruited more slaves to help him out. Because of this Nat Tunrer was well known for his slave rebellion and his violent acts. -
Tariff Act of 1832
The tariff act of 1832 was a protective tariff in the United States. it was written by former president John Quincy Adams who was elected in the House of Representatives and appointed the chairmen on the committee on manufactures, The tariff was enacted on July 13,1832 and the purpose was to act as a remedy for the conflict created by the tariff of 1828. It was mainly created to protect the industry in the north. The Tariff was approved to be the farcry because they fulfilled the demands. -
Worcester vs Georgia
Worcester Vs Georgia happened in 1832 and was a case in which the U.S. supreme court did the conviction of Samuel Worcester and made hold of Georgia's criminal statue that didn't allow non - native Americans from being there on Native american lands without a license from state. Georgia's license law was unconstitutional and Worcesters conviction was overturned. Andrew Jackson refused to enforce the ruling which was the decision that helped him form the indian law in the United States. -
Nullification Crisis
The nullification progress was adopted in the ordinance to nullify the tariff acts. The convention declared that the tariffs from 1828 and 1832 were both unconstitutional within the state of South Carolina. The attempts use to collect the taxes would have lead to the states secession. The 1832 nullification crisis was made by the introduction of a group of protective tariffs which sparked the Nullification progress which was the third protective tarriff protected by the government. -
Trail of Tears
The trail of tears was part of Andrew Jackson's indian removal rule back in 1838 and 1839. The Cherokee was forced to give up its land located east of the Mississippi river and migrate to an area located in present day Oklahoma. Many indians died of disease, famine, and warfare because of this they lost 4,000 indians. The trail of tears took place where thy cried which refered to the suffering of Native Americans that were affected during the Indian Removal act. -
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Westward Expansion
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Irish Immigration
Irish immigrants took on the dangerous jobs that were often avoid by other workers. Many women became servants or workers while the irish men worked in coal mines and built railroads and canals. When the potato famine came, Irish immigrated to America, betwwen 1845 and 188, more than 1.5 million children and adults left ireland to seek refuge right in america. Most Irish people were super poor, suffering disease and suffering from starvation. -
Bear Flag Revolt
The bear flag revolt was given its name by the grizzly bear on California's state flag and traced its origins to a revolt that unfolded in 1846 during the Mexican-American war. The flag design was designed by William Todd on a fresh new bleached cotton. The grizzly bear represented the many bears seen in the state. The bear flag revolt was a small group of american settlers in California ho rebelled against the Mexican government and proclaimed california an independent republic. -
Wilmot Proviso
The Wilmot Proviso was made to eliminate slavery from land from the result of the Mexican War in 1846 to 1848. Right after the war begun. President James K. Pol sought appropriation of 2 million of a bill to negotiate terms of a treaty. The Proviso also prohibited an expansion to slavery into any territory they wanted that was acquired from the United States as a result of settlement in the Mexican American war. The Proviso itself was an amendment bill sought to prohibit slavery. -
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Treaty of Hildago helped end the U.S Mexican war that was signed on February 2nd 1848 and was the oldest treaty in force between the United States and mexico. The treaty has been important in shaping up the international and domestic histories of both the United States and Mexico.. The United States recieved $15,000,000 for more than 525,000 miles of land which was Arizona, California, western Colorado, Nevada, Mexico, Texas, and Utah. -
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Sectionalism
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California Gold Rush
The California Gold Rush started on Jan, 24, 1848 when James Marshall found gold off the land of Sutter's Mill in Colombia. The rush for gold peaked in 1852 and soon the result of gold started getting thinner making to harder to reach, which made mining better so they can reach further and deeper so they can make it easier to reach he gold. It wasn't long til the gold rush spread all across the world which increased the population directly onto California's admittance into the nation as a state -
Seneca Falls Convention
The Seneca Falls Convention was made to discuss the civil, religious and social condition that was organized by woman for woman. The Seneca Falls triggered and solidified the woman's rights movement in America which was organized an effort to bring equal rights to woman. The meeting took place in Seneca Falls, New York on July 19th and many woman AND men went to discuss the rights that woman deserve. They soon made the declaration of independence to try and get women to vote. -
Underground Railroad
The Underground railroad was a secret route and safe houses that was established in the United Sates during early mid nineteenth century and was used by African slaves to escape to free states and Canada . Harriet Tubman was the most well known conductor that was located at the Underground railroad and she helped hundreds of slaves runaway and to escape to freedom. She never any single one of them when she was leaving and she was even a fugitive slave herself she was also helped by William Still -
Popular Sovereignty
Popular Sovereignty was a doctrine that government created to subject the will of people. The popular Sovereignty of 1850 was political that the people who lived in a region should determine themselves the nature of their government. The Sovereignty was invoked in the compromise and later happened in the Kansas Nebraska act of 1854. The Political doctrine was that federal territories should decide for themselves whether the union should enter as a free or slave state. -
Fugitive Slave Act
The Fugitive slave act of 1793 was a federal law that was written to intent the enforce of the United States constitution which required the return of runaway slaves. It help force the authorities in free states to return slaves who were fugitive to their masters. The act was made stronger at the slave state of the south by the compromise from 1850 which made the governments and the residents of the free states to capture fugitive slaves. -
Slaves Trade Banned in D.C
On this day September 20, 1850, congress abolished the slave trade in Colombia as part of the legislative package known as the Compromise of 1850. Britain abolished the Slave Trade Act which outlawed the British Atlantic Slave Trade, United States banned the slave trade which effected from the start of 1808. The slave trade begun during the 15th slavery when Portugal and other European kingdoms where finally able to expand overseas and reach their destination in Africa. -
Uncle Tom's Cabin
Uncle Tom's cabin was a novel made by Harriet Beecher Stowe published in 1852 it was an anti-slavery novel and it had a profound effect on attitudes toward African American's and slavery which had helped lay the groundwork for the civil war. The story was about a family being forced to sell their two slaves due to economic troubles but Mr and Mrs Shelby wanted to sell their slaves for different reasons. Uncle Tom's cabin help personalize slavery and helped some people with those who were opposed -
Kansas Nebraska Act
The main purpose of the Kansas Nebraska Act was to open up thousands of brand new farms and help feasible a railroad in the Midwest. The sovereignty led anti slavery elements to flood Kansas with the goal of voting slavery up or down which led the result to Bleeding Kansas, -
John Brown's Raid
John Brown's Raid led a small group on a raid against a federal armory in Harpers Ferry, Virginia which is now West Virginia so they can attempt to start an armed slave revolt and destroy the the whole slavery problem. The raid was considered one of the major events that led to the civil war. Sadly John brown was hanged for murder against the Commonwealth of Virginia. John's goal was to take supplies and use them to arm a slave rebellion, he then gave weapons to slaves but the attack failed. -
Army of the Potomac
George B, McClellan was the leader of the Army of the Potomac and was created in 1861. The army of the potomac was the Union's main army working in the east ans was organized in July 1861. The force confronted the Army of Virginia throughout the whole conflict, The army experienced many defeats during the wars first years like the Battle of First bull run in 1861, the Peninsula Campaign and the battle of Fredericksburg in 1862 and the battle of Chancellorsville in 1863. -
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The Civil War
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Twenty Negro Law
The "Twenty Negro Law" was also known as the "Twenty Slave Law" and was a piece of the legislation during the American Civil war the laws meant the fears of a slave rebellion due to many whites always being absent at home which fought during the confederate army. The Twenty negro law help secure the proper police and people in the country either as an owner or agent on each plantation on which one white person is to be kept by the law or any state. -
Civil War Nurses
The civil war nurses was when thousands of woman volunteered to serve as nurses for the civil war. The top ten nurses were Helen Gilson, Phoebe Pember, Cornelia Hancock, Mary Ann Bickerdyke, Abigail Hopper Gibbons, Dorothea Dix, Clara Barton, and Annie Etheridge. These nurses and others sworn to protect and advocate its members' interest. The most important nurse Clara Barton died of Tuberculosis while others either died from either age or just by getting sick. -
Clara Barton
Clara Barton was a nurse who found the American Red cross, she was a volunteer for wounded sick soldiers during the Civil war. Clara was then known for the angel of the battlefield as she served even during the worst battle of the civil war. She put her whole life in danger just to serve the ones in need and offered to travel to the dangerous parts of the battle that was happening during the time. Clara was also a teacher for a couple of years but at the end, she still wanted to know a lot more -
Gettysburg Address
The gettysburg was the turning point of the civil war when Robert E. Lee defeated the army of potomac who forced his troops to retreat but never recovered. Abraham Lincoln wrote the Gettysburg address and was invited to deliver remarks which because the address at the official ceremony that was for the National ceremony in Pennsylvania on the bloodiest battles of the Civil War The Gettysburg address appeared as the most memorized piece of American History. -
Lincoln's 10% Plan
Lincoln's 10% plan had an effect on a couple of states under union control. Lincoln's plan was that a southern state could be placed in the union once 10% of the voters from the election of 1860 swore an oath of allegiance to the union. The plan was more of a maneuver than a plan to reconstruct, Lincoln feared that a protracted war could lose public support and that the North and South would never be reunited again if the fight did not stop. in 1863, the people were claiming peace & recognition -
Carpetbaggers
"Carpetbaggers" got their name from northerners who moved to the south after the civil war during the reconstruction. Carpetbaggers played an important role in the Republican state of governments. Many Carpetbaggers moved to the south for financial and political gains. Carpetbaggers came to the south because they wanted to share their beliefs and their keys on how to make a successful life. Carpetbaggers were views as yankees that took South's most valuable item but helped improve blacks. -
Black Codes
Black codes were defined by blood and the presence of any amount of black blood. The Black Codes made it illegal for black and whites to share any public facilities. The black codes restricted the political rights of newly freed blacks, they also limited the freedom of movement, their freedom to justify in court, and the right to own their own land. The black codes were made in 1865 to help the slaves but it ended in 1877 after the reconstruction happened, -
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Reconstruction
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Enforcement Acts
The Enforcement acts were three bills that were passed by the congress in 1870 through 1871. The bills were codes to protect African Americans right to vote so they can serve on juries, hold office, serve on juries and have equal protection of laws. During the era, the congress combat attacks on the suffrage rights on African Americans from state officials or violent groups like the kkk. The statue was there to do minor changes and has been the subject by courts. -
Jim Crow
Jim Crow was a man who was born in New York City and created laws to separate black and white people in the south and the end of the reconstruction in 1877 and the beginning of the civil rights movement in the 1950's Jim crow's laws segregated everything including schools, public places like parks,cemeteries,theaters, drinking fountains and restaurants which made Jim crow have 20 laws. Everyone then thought of African Americans like workers and slaves. -
Statues
Statues have been around for thousands of years, either to mean something important or to express art. Statues were used to represent gods, ancient kings, and other important rules. They're perfectly carved both women and man. Some sculptures was based on belief in after death and goods were buried in the statues to provide for the dead peoples needs forever in the "after life". Christians decorated their statues by making them into demons or devils to remind themselves that evil exist.
