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1492
Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange began when Christopher Columbus unintentionally discovered the Bahamas. His discovery connected the Old World with the New World. The Columbian Exchange was the exchange of crops, people, materials, and ideas between the Western and Eastern Hemisphere.
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HQPA5oNpfM4&feature=youtu.be] -
1543
Heliocentrism
Heliocentric theory was created by Nicolaus Copernicus. It is that the earth revolves around the sun and other planets do the same. He published his theory in his book and modern science still follow his theory.
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/top-10-revolutionary-scientific-theories -
Jamestown Colony
Jamestown was the first English colony in North America. They experienced great starvation. Initially, the Powhatans shared food, but in August when six ships came with many settlers, without food, they no longer were willing to help. The colonists kept antagonizing the natives for food until they eventually became angry and attacked. They became so desperate they began eating leather, pets and resorted to cannibalism. [Girl’s Bones Bear Signs of Cannibalism by Starving Virginia Colonists] -
The Transatlantic Slave Trade
The Transatlantic Slave Trade was the transportation of slaves from Africa to North America that became popular in the 1650s. The slaves were stuffed on to ships with no room to move, being treated as objects, and they were sold to plantation owners. In 1807 the trade became illegal. The end of the slave trade was not the end of slavery in the US. It continued to grow and cause major issues. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1eNgdQCpBoZBI8gQmUnXUfT1e-frMafHu5HdHDfd-YWU/edit#slide=id.p2 -
Newton's Laws of Motion
Newton's first law states that every object will remain at rest, in a straight line unless compelled to change its state by the action of an external force. The second law explains how the velocity of an object changes when subjected to an external force. The third law states that every action in nature has an equal and opposite reaction. Newton's laws were significant because they tie into everything we see in everyday life. https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/newton.html -
Theory of Gravity
Gravity is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy are brought toward one another. Isaac Newton published his theory of gravity in 1687. Newton saw an apple falling from a tree, and it got him to thinking about the mysterious force that pulls objects to the ground.
https://sciencing.com/first-person-discover-gravity-23003.html -
The Proclamation Line of 1763
The Proclamation Line of 1763 was made by King George III which forbade colonists to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. This enraged many colonists because they had just fought to win that land and it was very fertile land. They thought that the king had made the line to show the colonists that he was in control, but King George claimed it was for the protection of the natives who largely inhabited the area.
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EpMWVaIHhlXjrt47M7RA3bQZS8wYao1y/view -
The Oxygen Theory of Combustion
The Oxygen Theory of Combustion was discovered by Antonine Lavoisier. He discovered the role oxygen plays in combustion. Lavoisier did not discover oxygen, but he figured out that it was the gas that combined with substances as they burned. Lavoisier paved the way for the development of modern chemistry.
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/top-10-revolutionary-scientific-theories -
The Boston Tea Party
The Boston Tea Party was a protest led by the Sons of Liberty. The protest was against the tea taxations that the British had placed on the colonies. 342 chests of tea were dumped into the Boston Harbor. This was the first act of revolt from the colonists towards Britan.
https://www.history.com/topics/american-revolution/boston-tea-party -
The Atomic Theory
John Dalton created the atomic theory. It stated that all matter consists of atoms that are indivisible and indestructible. He recognized that all atoms of the same element are the same. He recognized that an atom is the most broken down form of an element. Daltons discovery led to further discoveries about atoms and element. Today we know specific parts of atoms, and without Dalton that would be impossible.
http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/history/dalton.html -
The Cell Theroy
Cell theory is the idea that the cell is the fundamental structural and functional unit of all living organisms and that new cells are formed from other existing cells. Although Robert Hooke was the first to recognize the cell under a microscope in 1665, the cell theory was first formulated by Mathias Jacob Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.
http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Cell_theory -
The Trail of Tears
Andrew Jackson passed the Indian removal act, forcing the Cherokee Nation off their lands. This act was passed because many white farmers wanted the native's lands. The Cherokees were forced to move to Oklahoma. They called the journey "Trail of Tears" because many natives died, and they were also forced to evacuate their lands that they had inhabited for hundreds of years.
(The Story of Us pg. 70-71) -
The Invention of The Mini Ball
The Mini ball was a special, new bullet created around the start of the civil war. It was made of molten lead. It was the primary reason for the extremely high death rates of the civil war. This bullet was far more accurate than any other bullet ever made. It could rip through a soldier's body in a fraction of a second. These bullets were produced very rapidly during the war, half a billion were made by the North to fire at the South. https://team.cleburne.k12.tx.us/apps/video/watch.jsp?v=179225 -
Natural Selection
Natural Selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype. It is a key mechanism of evolution. For example, giraffes have look necks to reach trees because of the giraffes with longer necks lived more often since they were able to get leaves from trees. The giraffes that lived would produce offspring with similar traits. Charles Darwin created this theory in 1859
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/top-10-revolutionary-scientific-theories -
The Emancipation Proclamation
The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by President Abraham Lincoln, after 3 years of the Civil War. The document declared all slaves living in the Confederate states were from now and on free. It applied only to states that had seceded from the United States, leaving slavery untouched in the loyal border states. Even though slavery was not completely abolished after this, the document changed the meaning of the war
https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/featured-documents/emancipation-proclamation -
The Transcontinental Railroad
The Transcontinental Railroad was the first railroad to connect all the way from east to west in America. This made transportation from east to west way easier. It only took 3 and a half days to take a trip from New York to San Francisco. As it began running towns began to pop up along top railroads and new businesses were being created. The transcontinental railroad made Manifest Destiny possible.
History Alive: Ch. 12 Section 3 -
The Theory of Relativity
The Theory of Relativity was created by Albert Einstein. It explains that what we perceive as the force of gravity, in fact, arises from the curvature of space and time. Einstein revolutionized how the world thinks about space, time, mass, energy and gravity.
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/top-10-revolutionary-scientific-theories -
The Quantum Theroy
Quantum mechanics is the body of scientific laws that describe the wacky behavior of photons, electrons and the other particles that make up the universe. Scientists, such as Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr, Louis de Broglie, Erwin Schrodinger, and Paul M. Dirac, advanced Planck's theory and made the quantum mechanics possible.
https://www.livescience.com/33816-quantum-mechanics-explanation.html -
The Interception of The Zimmerman Telegram
The Interception of The Zimmerman Telegram was when the British intercepted a German telegram sent to Mexico. The telegram stated that Germany was willing to fund a Mexican war against the U.S to regain Mexicos old territories. This backfired as the British told the U.S. This resulted in the U.S joining the WWI against the Germans.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UDlKvbzyFzWsxAYJGf0Zl5ePUiZFUYFBTDuidu-fDrc/edit -
Hitler's Rises to Power in Germany
After WWI Germany was facing brutal financial consequences. People were poor and down on their luck. This made a perfect opportunity for Hitler to rise to power. Since people were suffering so much they were willing to turn to Hitler's radical way of governing.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adolf-Hitler/Rise-to-power -
Gucci Was Founded
Gucci was in founded in 1921 by Guccio Gucci. He was an immigrant in Paris and then moved to London. Guccio Gucci used to work in big hotels and was always amused by the luggage the guests used to carry. This inspired him to design baggage.
https://successstory.com/companies/gucci -
Truman Doctrine
The Truman Doctrine was an American foreign policy present by President Truman to minimize the spread of communism in the late 1940s. This policy was to aid countries resisting communism primarily threw financial efforts. This policy was very different from isolationism this policy was called containment. Meaning the US was going to "contain" communism.
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1vCwWQ2RbWPEw1NcQlnsF3re3dxv-nIBWZQg_fgKUuSU/edit -
The Plectonic Plate Theory
The Plate Tectonic Theory was created by Alfred Wegener. He was recognized the first to recognize that continents move in 1912, however, other scientists did not acknowledge the theory until 1960. This helped us gain a better understanding of earthquakes and other aspects of our environment.
https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/top-10-revolutionary-scientific-theories -
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
Enacted August 10, 1964, The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was a joint resolution that the United States Congress passed on August 7, 1964, in response to the Gulf of Tonkin "incident'. It gave President Lyndon B Johnson the power to take any measures he believed were necessary to ensure Southeast Asia protection.
https://history.state.gov/milestones/1961-1968/gulf-of-tonkin -
Versace Was Founded
Versace was founded in 1978 in Milan, Gianni Versace. It is one of the leading international fashion design houses and a symbol of Italian luxury. Giovanni Maria "Gianni" Versace was an Italian fashion designer and founder of Versace.
https://www.versace.com/us/en-us/about-us/company-profile.html -
The Immune Network Theory
The theory states that the immune system is an interacting network of lymphocytes and molecules that have variable regions. The theory demonstrates the adaptivity of the immune system. Just as the brain is able to recognize experiences, so can your immune system, this helps the immune system recognize what is self and what is foreign material
http://www.networkimmunology.com/articles/brief-history-of-immune-network-theory
