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Germany
Austria-Hungary
Italy -
The importance of alliances prior to WWI was that countries had to support each other and if you want to become stronger you must align with other countries to form a stronger connection and you must protect allies from the enemy.
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Britain
France
Russia -
- Poison Gas -First used correctly in battle in April 22, 1915. The Germans sprayed large containers of chlorine gas into the French Trenches which were then abandoned until the gas diffused and the Allies came back with a gas of their own
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This was the first use of radio intercepts and automotive transports for troops. Joseph Joffre ordered attack in September 1914.
General Michel-Joseph attacked successfully with the help of the French fifth army and the British Expeditionary Force.
Germany ends up retreating.This began the idea of Trench Warfare -
The stalemate occurred because the German invasion of France failed, and Germany could not destroy British and French troops.
This came after a battle in Belgium in which 27,000 French troops were killed in one day. Once both sides realized they were in the middle of a stalemate, they quickly began digging trenches to prepare for the next phase of fighting known as trench warfare. -
Efforts to end the stalemate were brought about by the British army whose attacks lasted for more than three months without making any headway.
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Slowed down infantry troops that were constantly on the move. They typically had heavy fire rates
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Believed to have sparked WW1
Teenage Serbian Nationalist gunned down the Archduke and his wife while they were in Sarajevo. This led to a series of events that sparked WWI. -
Exactly one month after the assassination of archduke Franz Ferdinand. Austrians were threatened by the Serbian ambition on the Balkans region of Europe, so Austria determined that the proper response to the assassination was to prepare a military invasion of Serbia, with the help of Germany, this began the First World War.
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Germany invades Belgium
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Germans fire shells of chlorine gas at the Allies. Nearly destroys the French Front lines completely. This is the first time large amounts of chlorine gas is used in battle.
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May 7, 1915
A German U-boat torpedoed and sank the RMS Lusitania, a British ocean liner en route from New York to Liverpool, England. The sinking of the Lusitania played a significant role in turning public opinion against Germany, both in the United States and abroad. -
On June 26, 14,000 US Troops landed in France to begin to train for combat. When the Americans entered the stalemate, it turned into a major turning point for the Allies who were then able to win the war. When the war ended on November 11, 1918, 2 million men had served and 50,000 of them had died.
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America pledged neutrality, but had multiple ships attacked by the Germans resulting in many American casualties. On May 7, Germany also attacked the Lusitania, a British ocean liner, was torpedoed and 128 Americans lost their lives. Woodrow Wilson called for war against Germany and four days later, Congress officially declared it.
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Kaiser Wilhelm suspends unrestricted submarine warfare.
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Tanks -Due to heavy fire fights, no one could get across “No Man’s Land” without getting torn apart by bullets. The first tank, the British Mark I, was made in 1915 and debuted in battle at the Somme in September 1916.
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A telegram deciphered by British Intelligence. It said that Zimmerman wanted Count Johann von Bernstorff to offer money to Mexico if they became allies with Germany the next time they faced the US.
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It was introduced by Germany in July 1917 just before the Third Battle of Ypres.
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Two revolutions, the first of which, in February, overthrew the imperial government and the second of which, in October, placed the Bolsheviks in power. One of the most explosive political events of the twentieth century. The violent revolution marked the end of the Romanov dynasty and centuries of Russian Imperial rule. During the Russian Revolution, the Bolsheviks, led by leftist revolutionary Vladimir Lenin, seized power and destroyed the czarist rule of Czar Nicholas II.
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-Aircraft Carriers -The original aircraft carriers could not allow for planes to land on their deck, they would have to land in the water and then be retrieved which slowed down the process. The first official aircraft carrier, that could have planes land and take off, was the HMS Furious. Commander Edward Dunning became the first person to land a plane on the Furious on August 2, 1917.
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The Allies hoped to end the war by signing the Armistice. This was a document that ceased fire fights and led to a peace treaty. The Allied powers won the war and Germany was forced to accept guilt for starting the war.
