-
Bolshevik Revolution
(October 25th on the Julian Calendar) This revolution was an overthrow of Rusisan czar that brought a communism party, ruled by Vladimir Lenin. -
Woodrow Wilson's 14 Point's Proposal
The previous president of the United States, Woodrow Wilson, delivered a speech explaining 14 ideas that he felt would help make a more peaceful coexisting world. -
Armistice
The armistice at Compiègne was the first agreement of peace between battling forces of World War I. It was the first signal of war coming to an end. France, America, Britian, and other big countries met in France and formed an offiical agreement stating that war was over. -
Paris Peace Conferences
In 1919, two dozen diplomats met in Paris to discuss how to move on from World War I with peace between countries. This meeting was the world pulling itself out of the first World War and figuring out where exactly to go from there over many treaties and agreements to supposedly enforce peace. -
Treaty of Versailles signed
One of the many treaties resulting from the Paris Peace Conference. The treaty was mainly stating all of the reprucussions that were to fall on Germany based on their major negative contribution to World War I. All of their decided debts were meant to be paid with this Treaty. All countries opposed to Germany were involved in creating this treaty and all of it's reqiurements from Germany. In June Germany was forced to sign the treaty. -
Treaty of St. Germain
Treaty made with the idea of Austria paying for allying with Germany during World War I. The treaty dissolved the past Austria-Hungarian empire, breaking up that area of land into many seperate countries. Austria also was forced to downsize land and military and forced to pay loads of money in war debt. -
Treaty of Neuilly
Treaty made for Bulgaria to pay war debt for allying with Germany during WWI.The Western Thrace and most of Bulgarian land was taken away from Bulgaria. Their armies were downsized to only 20,000 men and they also owed £100 million in reperations. -
America fails to ratify Treaty of Versailles
Due to contradicting opinoins on Wilson's 14 points and being involved in foreign affairs, America ops out of the League of Nations due to majority vote. This decision is the first step of America's unknowing act of disregarding the Treaty of Versailles. -
Treaty of Trianon
Treaty made as war reperations for Hungary after their allying with Germany in World War I. Hungary lost 75% of the territory it owned before the war causing extreme ethnic upriseses in the previous Austria-Hungary area. Most ethnic groups who used to reside in one entire country now were forced into an entirely new country, seperate from those who made have just lived 50 miles away. Hungary's army was reduced to 35,000 men along with economic crisis because of their uprooting. -
Treaty of Sevres
Treaty made for the Ottoman Empire to pay war reperations after World War I. The Ottoman Empire was broken up into many different countries known today as, "The Middle East," The victoring countries of World War I took control of some countries previously part of the Ottoman Empire, while others gained independence under the crushing debt and downsize of this treaty. Borders were broken up and ethnic groups were completely dismantled. Countries were left with military restrictions and debt. -
Franco-Polish Treaty
This treaty was an agreement between the Polish and French government stating that if either of them were to be attacked the other would be there to protect. It was an allignment between the two countries. -
Treaty of Riga
Treaty between Poland and Russia signifying peace between the two countries after that war they had been fighting with one another for years before. Borders were set so that Poland was given territiorial control over Ukraine. -
Washington Naval Conference
The United States, Great Britain, Japan, and France all signed a treay agreeing to stop arms races beginning between powerful countries and work out arguements over Pacific hempisphere related territorial battles that were going on between the US and Japan. This conference was a meeting of compromise, to create peace and avoid any other signs of war between the world's countries. -
Treaty of Rapallo
A treaty made to between Germany and the Soviet Union (Russia) calling the countries to forgive and financial debt they felt was previously owed and help form an alignment between the two countries. The two nations were now to coexist peacefully. -
Ruhr Crisis
Germany's only economically building city is taken over by French when the German's miss a reperation due date. The Chancellor, in a flight or fight situation, burned all the old Germany money and began to rebuild Germany's Treaty of Versailles demolished economy. -
Franco - Czech Treaty
France and Czechoslavakia form an alliance to help support the Treaty of Versailles. -
Mussolini's "Election"
After years of trying to make a movement in Italian government, Mussolini's fascist party cheated their way into winning Italian elections. A fascist party was now in charge of Italy, causing the rise of fascism to begin with Italy. -
Locarno Treaty
America, Britian, Italy, France, and Germany all meet in Switzerland to find a compromise to the Ruhr crisis. Great Britain promises that if France is attacked on the west they will be there to protect the country, so France is reassured and lets go of Ruhr area of Germany. Though the eastern part of Europe (hint Poland) is not left with any promise of protection. -
Germany Joins League of Nations
After World War I and all of the reperations Germany was forced to face, they finally asked to be apart of the League, trying to redeem their countries respect from the world. -
Geneva Naval Conference
The leading countries who were apart of the Washington Naval Treaty meet to dsicuss previously set limitations of naval arms within their countries. More ships and military power is permitted. -
Kellogg- Briand Pact
A pact made between WWI contributing countries to agree that war was not a good way to solve conflicts between countries. -
Signs of the Depression
The American stock market crashed, one of the first signs of the Great Depression. The depression affected Germany by economically criplling America, one of the prime traders Germany relied on economically. -
London Naval Conference
Treaty made to further disarmament of countries after Washington Naval Conference. Arm ratios were set and countires were limited to prevent further wars. -
Manchuria Crisis
As a world-wide Depression set in, Japan, on their last leg, invades a portion of China called Manchuria and takes control of the land. The control benefits the Japanese by providing goods so they can be self sufficient. China asks for help from the League, to ride the Japanese form their land, as help was promised from being apart of the League. Every country is drowning within their own affairs to assist and the League's strength is questioned. -
Geneva Naval Conference
United States, Great Britain and Japan meet to discuss disarmement. -
Hitler elected Chancellor
Hitler is elected Chancellor of Germany. -
Japan Leaves League of Nations
The League tried to persuade Japan out of their control of Manchuria, causing the country to exit the League of Nations. -
Germany Leaves League of Nations
Germany wanted to become a powerful world country again, and once leaving the League, they were free to rebuild their military power and become the country they wanted to be. After being torn down by the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was pulling herself back up, and exiting the League would be beneficial to that cause. -
USSR Joins League of Nations
The USSR was invited to join the League because the memeber wanted to rebuild the League's power and hoped to do that with the threat of Russia. They invited them to be apart of the League of Nations to contribute to global peace, and the USSR accepted the invitation. -
Abyssinia
Despite Abyssinia's protest and requests from help from the League of Nations, the were invaded and taken over by Italian forces. The League not helping Abyssinia fully proved its' failure as a group. -
Germany Occupies Rhineland
German troops invade Rhineland, stating Hitler's first illegal act of invading foreign territories. -
Rome - Berlin Axis
A link between Italy and German'ys fascist state was formed. These leading countries used this pact to become allies. -
Italy Leaves League of Nations
Italy leaves League of Nations because of their knowledge of the lack of power it held.
